Documents published in 2006 : Scipedia

An approach to off line inter domain qos aware resource optimization
M. Pedro, E. Monteiro, F. Boavida

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2020). Vol. 2006, 2

Abstract
Inter-domain traffic engineering is a key issue when QoS-aware resource optimization is concerned. Mapping inter-domain traffic flows into existing service level agreements is, in general, a complex problem, for which some algorithms have recently been proposed in the literature. In this paper a modified version of a multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed, in order to optimize the utilization of domain resources from several perspectives: bandwidth, monetary cost, and routing trustworthiness. Results show trade-off solutions and “optimal” solutions for each perspective. The proposal is a useful tool in inter-domain management because it can assist and simplify the decision process. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
Inter-domain traffic engineering is a key issue when QoS-aware resource optimization is concerned. Mapping inter-domain traffic flows into existing service level agreements [...]
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Advances in the particle finite element method for fluid-structure interaction problems
E. Oñate, S. Idelsohn, M. Celigueta, R. Rossi

Computational Mechanics (2006). Vol. 6, pp. 41-62

Abstract
We present a general formulation for analysis of fluid-structure interaction problems using the particle finite element method (PFEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use of a Lagrangian description to model the motion of nodes (particles) in both the fluid and the structure domains. Nodes are thus viewed as particles which can freely move and even separate from the main analysis domain representing, for instance, the effect of water drops. A mesh connects the nodes defining the discretized domain where the governing equations, expressed in an integral from, are solved as in the standard FEM. The necessary stabilization for dealing with the incompressibility of the fluid is introduced via the finite calculus (FIC) method. A fractional step scheme for the transient coupled fluid-structure solution is described. Examples of application of the PFEM to solve a number of fluid-structure interaction problems involving large motions of the free surface and splashing of waves are presented.
Abstract
We present a general formulation for analysis of fluid-structure interaction problems using the particle finite element method (PFEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use [...]
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The rotation-free BST shell element for linearized buckling analysis of steel structures
A. Agüero, F. Pallarés, E. Oñate

Int. J. Computational Methods in Engineering Science and Mechanics (2006). Vol. 7 (3), pp. 209-215

Abstract
In this paper the ability of the basic shell triangular (BST) element to perform linearized buckling analysis is evaluated. The results have been compared with analytical solutions and other finite elements in the literature, such as ANDES3, ANDES4, QSEL, FFQC and BCIZ. This type of analysis is applied to the design of steel structures to obtain the collapse load of panels using the effective width of the plate. In this approach, which is currently recommended by most of the design standards, a semi-empirical/analytical method is used to take into account the nonlinear geometric and material behavior, geometric imperfections and residual stresses. To obtain the critical loads two methods have been mainly applied: the finite strip method and the finite element method, which is more appropriate to deal with any boundary condition and loading pattern. In practice, to obtain the local and distortional buckling, some assumptions related to the interaction between plates are made in order to obtain practical formulae that can be applied; these simplifications can lead to unsafe results, so the linearized buckling analysis must be carried out in a proper way, taking into account the interactions. It is concluded that the BST element presents an excellent behavior to predict the critical loads in compression and shear, and therefore this element must be utilized in future codes when this type of analysis turn out to be mandatory.
Abstract
In this paper the ability of the basic shell triangular (BST) element to perform linearized buckling analysis is evaluated. The results have been compared with analytical [...]
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Simulación de problemas de desgaste, en la interacción herramienta de corte terreno, empleando el método de los elementos discretos
C. Recarey Morfa, E. Oñate, J. Canet, J. Rojek, F. Zarate, S. Burrel

Ingeniería Civil (2006). Vol. 141, pp. 19-34

Abstract
Se presenta un modelo numérico que emplea elementos discretos esféricos o también denominados elementos distintos. Este modelo se aplica en la simulación de problemas de desgaste. El movimiento de elementos esféricos se describe por medio de las ecuaciones de Newton-Euler. Se emplea en la formulación una integración explícita, la cual, brinda una buena eficiencia computacional. Los elementos esféricos interactúan recíprocamente entre sí a través de las fuerzas de contacto. El esquema de búsqueda de contacto es muy eficaz, y está basado en las estructuras de oct-tree. El modelo constitutivo de contacto presenta una singularidad muy especial, ya que puede simular las fuerzas de cohesión que permiten modelar la fractura y descohesión de los materiales. El estudio de desgastes se realiza a partir de una formulación termoacoplada que se aplica a nivel experimental, o escala reducida, y además in-situ o escala real.
Abstract
Se presenta un modelo numérico que emplea elementos discretos esféricos o también denominados elementos distintos. Este modelo se aplica en la simulación [...]
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Subdomain-based flux-free a posteriori error estimators
N. Parés, P. Diez, A. Huerta

Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., (2006). Vol. 195 (4-6), pp. 297-323

Abstract
A new residual type flux-free error estimator is presented. It estimates upper and lower bounds of the error in energy norm. The proposed approach precludes the main drawbacks of standard residual type estimators, circumvents the need of flux-equilibration and results in a simple implementation that uses standard resources available in .nite element codes. This is specially interesting for 3D applications where the implementation of this technique is as simple as in 2D. Recall that on the contrary, the complexity of the flux-equilibration techniques increases drastically in the 3D case. The bounds for the energy norm of the error are used to produce upper and lower bounds of linear functional outputs, representing quantities of engineering interest. The presented estimators demonstrate their efficiency in numerical tests producing sharp estimates both for the energy and the quantities of interest.
Abstract
A new residual type flux-free error estimator is presented. It estimates upper and lower bounds of the error in energy norm. The proposed approach precludes the main drawbacks [...]
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Analysis of a stabilized finite element approximation of the transient convection-diffusion equation using an ALE framework
S. Badia, R. Codina

SIAM J. Numer. Anal. (2006). Vol. 44 (5), pp. 2159-2197

Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection‐diffusion equation on moving domains using an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) framework. As basic numerical strategy, we discretize the equation in time using first and second order backward differencing (BDF) schemes, whereas space is discretized using a stabilized finite element method (the orthogonal subgrid scale formulation) to deal with convection dominated flows. The semidiscrete problem (continuous in space) is first analyzed. In this situation it is easy to identify the error introduced by the ALE approach. After that, the fully discrete method is considered. We obtain optimal error estimates in both space and time in a mesh dependent norm. The analysis reveals that the ALE approach introduces an upper bound for the time step size for the results to hold. The results obtained for the fully discretized second order scheme (in time) are associated to a weaker norm than the one used for the first order method. Nevertheless, optimal convergence results have been proved. For fixed domains, we recover stability and convergence results with the strong norm for the second order scheme, stressing the aspects that make the analysis of this method much more involved.
Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection‐diffusion equation on moving domains using an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) [...]
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Numerical approximation of the heat transfer between domains separated by thin walls
R. Codina, G. Houzeaux

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids (2006). Vol. 52 (9), pp. 963-986

Abstract
In this paper, we analyse the numerical approximation of the heat transfer problem between two subdomains that we will consider filled with a fluid and separated by a thin solid wall. First of all, we state the problem in the whole domain with discontinuous physical properties. As an alternative and under certain assumptions on the separating walls, a classical Robin boundary condition between the fluid domains is obtained, thus eliminating the solid wall, and according to which the heat flux is proportional to the temperature difference between the two subdomains. Apart from discussing the relation between both approaches, we consider their numerical approximation, considering different alternatives for the first case, that is, the case in which temperatures are also computed in the solid wall.
Abstract
In this paper, we analyse the numerical approximation of the heat transfer problem between two subdomains that we will consider filled with a fluid and separated by a thin [...]
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Stabilized finite element approximation of the stationary magneto-hydrodynamics equations
R. Codina, N. Hernández-Silva

Computational Mechanics (2006). Vol. 38 (4-5), pp. 344-355

Abstract
In this work we present a stabilized finite element method for the stationary magneto-hydrodynamic equations based on a simple algebraic version of the subgrid scale variational concept. The linearization that yields a well posed linear problem is first identified, and for this linear problem the stabilization method is designed. The key point is the correct behavior of the stabilization parameters on which the formulation depends. It is shown that their expression can be obtained only on the basis of having a correct error estimate. For the stabilization parameters chosen, a stability estimate is proved in detail, as well as the convergence of the numerical solution to the continuous one. The method is then extended to nonlinear problems and its performance checked through numerical experiments.
Abstract
In this work we present a stabilized finite element method for the stationary magneto-hydrodynamic equations based on a simple algebraic version of the subgrid scale variational [...]
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Finite element modeling of the lost foam casting process tackling back‐pressure effects
G. Houzeaux, R. Codina

Int. J. Num. Meths. for Heat and Fluid Flow (2006). Vol. 16 (5), pp. 573-589

Abstract
Purpose – To develop a numerical methodology to simulate the lost foam casting (LFC), including the gas back-pressure effects. Design/methodology/approach – Back-pressure effects are due to the interactions of many physical processes. The strategy proposed herein tries to model all these processes within a simple formula. The main characteristic of the model consists of assuming that the back-pressure is a known function of the external parameters (coating, temperature, gravity, etc.) that affects directly the heat transfer coefficient from the metal to the foam. The general framework of the simulation is a finite element model based on an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) approach and the use of level set function to capture the metal front advance. Findings – After experimental tunings, the model provides a way to include the back-pressure effects in a simple way. Research limitations/implications – The method is not completely predictive in the sense that a priori tuning is necessary to calibrate the model. Practical implications – Provides more realistic results than classical models. Originality/value – The paper proposes a theoretical framework of a finite element method for the simulation of LFC process. The method uses an ALE method on a fixed mesh and a level-set function to capture metal front advance. It proposes an original formula for the heat transfer coefficient that enables one to include back-pressure effects
Abstract
Purpose – To develop a numerical methodology to simulate the lost foam casting (LFC), including the gas back-pressure effects. Design/methodology/approach – [...]
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The Characteristic‐Based Split (CBS) scheme—a unified approach to fluid dynamics
P. Nithiarasu, R. Codina, O. Zienkiewicz

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. (2006). Vol. 66 (10), pp. 1514-1546

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the characteristic‐based methods and Characteristic‐Based Split (CBS) scheme. The practical difficulties of employing the original characteristic schemes are discussed. The important features of the CBS scheme are brought out by studying several problems of compressible and incompressible flows. All special consideration necessary for solving these problems are thoroughly discussed. The CBS scheme is presented in such a way that any interested researcher should be able to develop a code using the information provided. Several invicid and viscous flow examples are also provided to demonstrate the unified CBS approach. For sample two‐dimensional codes, input files and instructions, the readers are referred to ‘www.nithiarasu.co.uk’
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the characteristic‐based methods and Characteristic‐Based Split (CBS) scheme. The practical difficulties of employing the [...]
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Numerical comparison of CBS and SGS as stabilization techniques for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations
R. Codina, H. Coppola-Owen, P. Nithiarasu, C. Liu

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. (2006). Vol. 66 (10), pp. 1677-1689

Abstract
In this work, we present numerical comparisons of some stabilization methods for the incompressible Navier–Stokes. The first is the characteristic‐based split (CBS). It combines the characteristic Galerkin method to deal with convection‐dominated flows with a classical splitting technique, which in some cases allows us to use equal velocity–pressure interpolations. The other two approaches are particular cases of the subgrid scale (SGS) method. The first, obtained after an algebraic approximation of the subgrid scales, is very similar to the popular Galerkin/least‐squares (GLS) method, whereas in the second, the subscales are assumed to be orthogonal to the finite element space. It is shown that all these formulations display similar stabilization mechanisms, provided the stabilization parameter of the SGS methods is identified with the time step of the CBS approach. This paper provides the numerical experiments for the comparison of formulations made by Codina and Zienkiewicz in a previous article.
Abstract
In this work, we present numerical comparisons of some stabilization methods for the incompressible Navier–Stokes. The first is the characteristic‐based split (CBS). [...]
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On some pressure segregation methods of fractional-step type for the finite element approximation of incompressible flow problems
R. Codina, S. Badia

Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., (2006). Vol. 195 (23-24), pp. 2900-2918

Abstract
In this paper we treat several aspects related to time integration methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations that allow to uncouple the calculation of the velocities and the pressure. The first family of schemes consists of classical fractional step methods, of which we discuss several possibilities for the pressure extrapolation and the time integration of first and second order. The second family consists of schemes based on an explicit treatment of the pressure in the momentum equation followed by a Poisson equation for the pressure. It turns out that this “staggered” treatment of the velocity and the pressure is stable. Finally, we present predictor-corrector methods based on the above schemes that aim to converge to the solution of the monolithic time integration method. Apart from presenting these schemes and check its numerical performance, we also present a complete set of stability results for the fractional step methods that are independent of the space stability of the velocity-pressure interpolation, that is, of the classical inf-sup condition.
Abstract
In this paper we treat several aspects related to time integration methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations that allow to uncouple the calculation of the velocities [...]
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Thermo-Mechanical Contact in Casting Analysis
M. Chiumenti, C. Agelet de Saracibar, M. Cervera

(2006). J.L. Pérez-Aparicio (Ed.), Practical Applications Using Computational Contact Mechanics TCN, Trento, pp. 107-142, ISBN: 88-95176-01-4
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Topology optimization of plates
B. Boroomand, A. Barekatein

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI298

Abstract
In this report we propose a stabilization method for topology optimization of planes. The method can be classified in the category of continuation methods. The new continuation method is based on using continuous of design variables (DV) defined on a set meshes different from the one used for the finite element solution. The optimization procedure stars with using a coarse DV-mesh compared to finite element one. Once the convergence is obtained in the optimizations steps, a finer DV-mesh is nominated for further steps. With such a continuation method one can control the bounds of the gradients of the DV while simultaneously smooth the values in a more logical fashion, compared to what conventional filters perform. The DV-mesh refinement can be continued until the final mesh becomes similar to the finite element mesh. Depending on the formulation and elements used for the plate problems, e.g. with Kirchhoff or Mindlin-Reissner hypothesis, the refinement may further be continued so that the DV elements become smaller than the plate elements. Application of the method is shown over a wide range of plate problems. Linear and nonlinear plate behaviors formulated by Kirchhoff or Mindlin Reissner hypothesis, while using several forms of DV, are considered to show the performance of the proposed method. As one of the main DV, density is used in a power-law approach (or in an artificial material approach). This is performed in two forms, on in obtaining the topology of Thickness is also used as a realistic design variable in order to show the performance of the method in a rather well-posed optimization problem. We have also included results from a homogenization approach. Comparison in made with conventional element/nodal based approaches using filter. The results show excellent and robust performance of the proposed method. Due to the wide range of cases studied, some inserting side conclusions are also given in this report.
Abstract
In this report we propose a stabilization method for topology optimization of planes. The method can be classified in the category of continuation methods. The new continuation [...]
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Bounds of functional outputs for parabolic problems. Part I: Exact bounds of the discontinuous Galerkin time discretization
N. Parés, P. Díez, A. Huerta

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI297

Abstract
Classical implicit residual type error estimators require using an underlying spatial finer mesh to compute bounds for some quantity of interest. Consequently, the bounds obtained are only guaranteed asymptotically that is with respect to the reference solution computed with the fine mesh. Exact bounds, that is bounds guaranteed with respect to the exact solution, are needed to properly certify the accuracy of the results, especially if the meshes are coarse. The paper introduces a procedure to compute strict upper and lower bounds of the error in linear functional outputs of parabolic problems. In this first part, the bounds account for the error associated with the spatial discretization. The error coming from the time marching scheme is therefore assumed to be negligible in front of the spatial error. The time discretization is performed using the discontinuous Galerkin method, both for the primal and adjoint problems. In the error estimation procedure, equilibrated fluxes at interelement edges are calculated using hybridization techniques.
Abstract
Classical implicit residual type error estimators require using an underlying spatial finer mesh to compute bounds for some quantity of interest. Consequently, the bounds [...]
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An orthotropic mesh corrected crack model
M. Cervera

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI296

Abstract
This paper recovers the original spirit of the continuous crack approaches, where displacements jumps across the crack are smeared over the affected elements and the behaviour is established through a softening stress–(total) strain law, using standard finite element displacement interpolations and orthotropic localconstitutive models. The paper focuses on the problem of shear locking observed in the discrete problem when orthotropic models are used. The solution for this drawback is found in the form of a mesh corrected crack model where the structure of the inelastic strain tensor is linked to the geometry of the cracked element. The discrete model is formulated as a non-symmetric orthotropic local damage constitutive model, in which the softening modulus is regularized according to the material fracture energy and the element size. The resulting formulation is easily implemented in standard non-linear FE codes and suitable for engineering applications. Numerical examples show that the results obtained using this crack model do not suffer from dependence on the mesh directional alignment, comparing very favourably with those obtained using related standard isotropic or orthotropic damage models.
Abstract
This paper recovers the original spirit of the continuous crack approaches, where displacements jumps across the crack are smeared over the affected elements and the behaviour [...]
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Mesh objective tensile cracking via a local continuum damage model and a crack tracking technique
M. Cervera, M. Chiumenti

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI294

Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking using the so-called smeared crack approach, that is, standard finite elements with continuous displacement fields and a standard local constitutive model with strain-softening. An isotropic Rankine damage model is considered. The softening modulus is adjusted according to the material fracture energy and the element size. The resulting continuum and discrete mechanical problems are analyzed and the question of predicting correctly the direction of crack propagation is deemed as the main difficulty to be overcome in the discrete problem. It is proposed to use a crack tracking technique to attain the desired stability and convergence properties of the corresponding formulation. Numerical examples show that the resulting procedure is well-posed, stable and remarkably robust; the results obtained do not seem to suffer from spurious mesh-size or mesh-bias dependence.
Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking using the so-called smeared crack approach, that is, standard finite elements [...]
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Modeling bed erosion in free surface flows by the particle finite element method
E. Oñate, M. Celigueta, S. Idelsohn

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI293

Abstract
We present a general formulation for modeling bed erosion in free surface flows using the particle finite element method (PFEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use of an updated Lagrangian description to model the motion of nodes (particles) in domains containing fluid and solid subdomains. Nodes are viewed as material points (called particles) which can freely move and even separate from the fluid and solid subdomains representing, for instance, the effect of water drops or soil/rock particles. A mesh connects the nodes defining the discretized domain in the fluid and solid regions where the governing equations, expressed in an integral form, are solved as in the standard FEM. The necessary stabilization for dealing with the incompressibility of the fluid is introduced via the finite calculus (FIC) method. An incremental iterative scheme for the solution of the nonlinear transient coupled fluid-structure problem is described. The erosion mechanism is modeled by releasing the material adjacent to the bed surface according to the frictional work generated by the fluid shear stresses. The released bed material is subsequently transported by the fluid flow. Examples of application of the PFEM to solve a number of bed erosion problems involving large motions of the free surface and splashing of waves are presented.
Abstract
We present a general formulation for modeling bed erosion in free surface flows using the particle finite element method (PFEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use of [...]
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Modelo constitutivo para el comportamiento de tejidos biológicos blandos
S. Oller

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI292

Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener una formulación constitutiva general que permita representar el comportamiento –crecimiento y decrecimiento natural / patológico, remodelación de absorción y de regeneración- de los tejidos biológicos blandos. Entiéndase por tejidos biológicos blandos a aquellos que conforman la piel y órganos del cuerpo humano y que pueden estás sometidos a acciones externas e internas de origen mecánico y metabólico. Estas acciones pueden producir grandes deformaciones transitorias y permanentes.
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es obtener una formulación constitutiva general que permita representar el comportamiento –crecimiento y decrecimiento natural / patológico, [...]
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A study on the lumped preconditioner and memory requirements of feti and related primal domain decompositions methods
Y. Fragakis

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI291

Abstract
In recent years, Domain Decomposition Methods (DDM) have emerged as advanced solvers in several areas of computational mechanics. In particular, during the last decade, in the area of solid and structural mechanics, they reached a considerable level of advancement and were shown to be more efficient than popular solvers, like advanced sparse direct solvers. The present contribution follows the lines of a series of recent publications by author on DDM. In the papers, the authors developed a unified theory of primal and dual methods and presented a family of DDM that were shown to be more efficient than previous methods. The present paper extends this work, presenting a new family of related DDM, thus enriching the theory of the relations between primal and dual methods. It also explores memory requirement issues, suggesting also a particularly memory efficient formulation.
Abstract
In recent years, Domain Decomposition Methods (DDM) have emerged as advanced solvers in several areas of computational mechanics. In particular, during the last decade, in [...]
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Force and displacement duality in domain decomposition methods for solid and structural mechanics
Y. Fragakis

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI290

Abstract
In recent years, Domain Decomposition Methods (DDM) have emerged as advanced solvers in several of computational mechanics. In particular, during the last decade, in the area of solid and structural mechanics, they reached a considerable level of advancement and were shown to be more efficient than popular solvers, like advanced sparse direct solvers. The present paper explores the extent of application of the general concept of force-displacement duality in DDM. A general framework for the definition of DDM is set up and it is shown that if the definition of a DDM meets some requirements, then it can lead to one primal and one dual formulation. A number of DDM are included in this setting and particular implications for each one of them is researched.
Abstract
In recent years, Domain Decomposition Methods (DDM) have emerged as advanced solvers in several of computational mechanics. In particular, during the last decade, in the area [...]
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Analysis of a stabilized finite element approximation of the Oseen equations using orthogonal subscale
R. Codina

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI289

Abstract
In this paper we present a stabilized finite element formulation to solve the Oseen equations as a model problem involving both convection effects and the incompressibility restriction. The need for stabilization techniques to solve this problem arises because of the restriction in the possible choices for the velocity and pressure spaces dictated by the inf–sup condition, as well as the instabilities encountered when convection is dominant. Both can be overcome by resorting from the standard Galerkin method to a stabilized formulation. The one presented here is based on the subgrid scale concept, in which unresolvable scales of the continuous solution are approximately accounted for. In particular, the approach developed herein is based on the assumption that unresolved subscales are orthogonal to the finite element space. It is shown that this formulation is stable and optimally convergent for an adequate choice of the algorithmic parameters on which the method depends.
Abstract
In this paper we present a stabilized finite element formulation to solve the Oseen equations as a model problem involving both convection effects and the incompressibility [...]
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LES turbulence models. Relation with stabilized numerical methods
A. Valls, J. García-Espinosa, E. Oñate

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI288

Abstract
One of the aims of this text is to show some important results in LES modelling and to identify which are main mathematical problems for the development of a complete theory. A relevant aspect of LES theory, which we will consider in our work, is the close relationship between the mathematical properties of LES models and the numerical methods used for their implementation. In last years it is more and more common the idea in the scientific community, especially in the numerical community, that turbulence models and stabilization techniques play a very similar role. Methodologies used to simulate turbulent flows, RANS or LES approaches, are based on the same concept: unability to simulate a turbulent flow using a finite discretization in time and space. Turbulence models introduce additional information (impossible to be captured by the approximation technique used in the simulation) to obtain physically coherent solutions. On the other side, numerical methods used for the integration of partial differential equations (PDE) need to be modified in order to able to reproduce solutions that present very high localized gradients. These modifications, known as stabilization techniques, make possible to capture these sharp and localized changes of the solution. According with previous paragraphs, the following natural question appears: Is it possible to reinterpret stabilization methods as turbulence models? This question suggests a possible principle of duality between turbulence modelling and numerical stabilization. More than to share certain properties, actually, it is suggested that the numerical stabilization can be understood as turbulence. The opposite will occur if turbulence models are only necessary due to discretization limitations instead of a need for reproducing the physical behaviour of the flow. Finally: can turbulence models be understood as a component of a general stabilization method?
Abstract
One of the aims of this text is to show some important results in LES modelling and to identify which are main mathematical problems for the development of a complete theory. [...]
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On some fluid-structure iterative algorithms using pressure segregation methods. Applications to aeroelasticity
S. Badia, R. Codina

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI287

Abstract
In this paper we suggest some algorithms for the fluid-structure interaction problem stated using a domain decomposition framework. These methods involve stabilized pressure segregation methods for the solution of the fluid problem and fixed point iterative algorithms for the fluid-structure coupling. These coupling algorithms are applied to the aeroelastic simulation of suspension bridges. We assess flexural and torsional frequencies for a given inflow velocity. Increasing this velocity we reach the value for which the flutter phenomenon appears.
Abstract
In this paper we suggest some algorithms for the fluid-structure interaction problem stated using a domain decomposition framework. These methods involve stabilized pressure [...]
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Velocity correction methods based on a discrete pressure Poisson equation an algebraic approach
S. Badia, R. Codina

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI286

Abstract
In this paper we introduce some pressure segregation methods obtained from a non-standard version of the discrete monolithic system, where the continuity equation has been replaced by a pressure Poisson equation obtained at the discrete level. In these methods it is the velocity instead of the pressure the extrapolated unknown. Moreover, predictor corrector schemes are suggested, again motivated by the new monolithic system. Key implementation aspects are discussed, and a complete stability analysis is performed. We end with a set of numerical examples in order to compare these methods with classical pressure correction schemes.
Abstract
In this paper we introduce some pressure segregation methods obtained from a non-standard version of the discrete monolithic system, where the continuity equation has been [...]
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Analysis of a stabilized finite element approximation of the transient convection-diffusion equation using an ale framework
S. Badia, R. Codina

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI285

Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection diffusion equation on moving domains using an ALE framework. As basic numerical strategy, we discretize the equation in time using first and second order backward differencing (BDF) schemes, whereas space is discretized using a stabilized finite element method (the orthogonal subgrid scale formulation) to deal with convection dominated flows. The semi-discrete problem (continuous in space) is first analyzed. In this situation it is easy to identify the error introduced by the ALE approach. After that, the fully discrete method is considered. We obtain optimal error estimates in both space and time in a mesh dependent norm. The analysis reveals that the ALE approach introduces an upper bound for the time step size for the results to hold. The results obtained for the fully discretized second order scheme (in time) are associated to a weaker norm than the one used for the first order method. Nevertheless, optimal convergence results have been proved. For fixed domains, we recover stability and convergence results with the strong norm for the second order scheme, stressing the aspects that make the analysis of this method much more involved.
Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection diffusion equation on moving domains using an ALE framework. As basic numerical strategy, [...]
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On some pressure segregation methods of fractional-step type for the finite element approximation of incompressible flow problems
R. Codina, S. Badia

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI284

Abstract
In this paper we treat several aspects related to time integration methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations that allow to uncouple the calculation of the velocities and the pressure. The first family of schemes consists of classical fractional step methods, of which we discuss several possibilities for the pressure extrapolation and the time integration of first and second order. The second family consists of schemes based on an explicit treatment of the pressure in the momentum equation followed by a Poisson equation for the pressure. It turns out that this “staggered” treatment of the velocity and the pressure is stable. Finally, we present predictor-corrector methods based on the above schemes that aim to converge to the solution of the monolithic time integration method. Apart from presenting these schemes and check its numerical performance, we also present a complete set of stability results for the fractional step methods that are independent of the space stability of the velocity-pressure interpolation, that is, of the classical inf-sup condition.
Abstract
In this paper we treat several aspects related to time integration methods for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations that allow to uncouple the calculation of the velocities [...]
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Variational formulation of the finite calculus equations in solid mechanics and diffusion-reaction problems
E. Oñate, C. Felippa

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI283

Abstract
We present a variational formulation of the finite calculus (FIC) equations for problems in mechanics governed by differential equations with symmetric operators. Applications considered include solid mechanics, diffusion-transport and diffusion-reaction problems. The key of the variational formulation is the identification of the FIC governing equations with the classical differential equations of mechanics written in terms of modified non-local variables. A total potential energy (TPE) functional is found in terms of the modified variables. The FIC equations in the domain and the boundary are recovered as the Euler-Lagrange equations and the natural boundary condition of the TPE functional, respectively. Symmetric finite element equations are obtained after discretization of the TPE functional, therefore preserving the symmetry of the governing infinitesimal equations. The variational FIC expression is reinterpreted as a Petrov Galerkin weighted residual form of the original FIC equations with non-local weighting functions. The analogy of the variational FIC-FEM formulation with a discontinuous Galerkin method is recognized. Extensions to multidimensional linear elastostatics and diffusion-reaction problems are presented.
Abstract
We present a variational formulation of the finite calculus (FIC) equations for problems in mechanics governed by differential equations with symmetric operators. Applications [...]
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FIC/FEM formulation with matrix stabilizing terms for incompressible floes at low and high Reynolds numbers
E. Oñate, A. Valls, J. García-Espinosa

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI282

Abstract
We present a general formulation for incompressible fluid flow analysis using the finite element method. The necessary stabilization for dealing with convective effects and the incompressibility condition are introduced via the Finite Calculus method using a matrix form of the stabilization parameters. This allows to model a wide range of fluid flow problems for low and high Reynolds numbers flows without introducing a turbulence model. Examples of application to the analysis of incompressible flows with moderate and large Reynolds numbers are presented.
Abstract
We present a general formulation for incompressible fluid flow analysis using the finite element method. The necessary stabilization for dealing with convective effects and [...]
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On the simulation of flows with violent free surface motion
R. Löhner, C. Yang, E. Oñate

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI281

Abstract
A volume of fluid (VOF) technique has been developed and coupled with an incompressible Euler/Navier–Stokes solver operating on adaptive, unstructured grids to simulate the interactions of extreme waves and three-dimensional structures. The present implementation follows the classic VOF implementation for the liquid–gas system, considering only the liquid phase. Extrapolation algorithms to obtain velocities and pressure in the gas region near the free surface have been implemented. The VOF technique is validated against the classic dam-break problem, as well as series of 2D sloshing experiments and results from smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) calculations. These and a series of other examples demonstrate that the present CFD method is capable of simulating violent free surface flows with strong nonlinear behavior.
Abstract
A volume of fluid (VOF) technique has been developed and coupled with an incompressible Euler/Navier–Stokes solver operating on adaptive, unstructured grids to simulate [...]
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Coupling of Feflo with Simpact
J. Arteaga-Gomez, R. Löhner, J. Rojek, E. Oñate

(2006). Research Report, Nº PI280

Abstract
This paper describes the coupling of FEFLO, a general purpose compressible and incompressible flow solver base on adaptive unstructured grids with SIMPACT, a general purpose, large deformation, explicit structural dynamics code developed at the Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE). Details on the codes, as well as the compiling strategy employed are given. Examples illustrate the possibilies the present fluid-structure capability offers.
Abstract
This paper describes the coupling of FEFLO, a general purpose compressible and incompressible flow solver base on adaptive unstructured grids with SIMPACT, a general purpose, [...]
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A variational formulation for the multilayer perceptron
R. Lopez, E. Oñate

(2006). S. Kollias et al (Eds.), ICANN 2006, Part I, LNCS 4131, pp. 19-168, Germany.

Abstract
In this work we present a theory of the multilayer perceptron from the perspective of functional analysis and variational calculus. Within this formulation, the learning problem for the multilayer perceptron lies in terms of finding a function which is an extremal for some functional. As we will see, a variational formulation for the multilayer perceptron provides a direct method for the solution of general variational problems, in any dimension and up to any degree of accuracy. In order to validate this technique we use a multilayer perceptron to solve some classical problems in the calculus of variations.
Abstract
In this work we present a theory of the multilayer perceptron from the perspective of functional analysis and variational calculus. Within this formulation, the learning problem [...]
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Current Developments on the Coupled Thermomechanical Computational Modeling of Metal Casting Processes
C. Agelet de Saracibar, M. Chiumenti, M. Cervera

Computer Methods in Material Science (2006). Vol. 6 (1-2), pp. 15-25

Abstract
In this paper, current developments on the coupled thermomechanical computational simulation of metal casting processes are presented A thermodynamically consistent constitutive material model is derived from a thermoviscoplastic free energy function. A continuous transition between the initial fluid-like and the final solid-like is modeled by considering a J2 thermoviscoplastic model. Thus, an thermoelastoviscoplastic model, suitable for the solid-like phase, degenerates into a pure thermoviscous model, suitable for the liquid-like phase, according to the evolution of the solid fraction function. A thermomechanical contact model, taking into account the insulated effects of the air-gap due to thermal shrinkage of the part during solidification and cooling, is introduced. A fractional step method, arising from an operator split of the governing differential equations, is considered to solve the coupled problem using a staggered scheme. Within a finite element setting, using low-order interpolation elements, a multiscale stabilization technique is introduced as a convenient framework to overcome the Babuska-Brezzi condition and avoid volumetric locking and pressure instabilities arising in incompressible or quasi-incompressible problems. Computational simulation of industrial castings show the good performance of the model.
Abstract
In this paper, current developments on the coupled thermomechanical computational simulation of metal casting processes are presented A thermodynamically consistent constitutive [...]
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Smeared crack approach: back to the original track
M. Cervera, M. Chiumenti

Int. J. Numer. Anal. Meth. Geomech. (2006). Vol. 30 (12), pp. 1173-1199.

Abstract
This paper briefly reviews the formulations used over the last 40 years for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking, with both the discrete and the smeared crack approaches. The paper focuses on the smeared approach, identifying as its main drawbacks the observed mesh‐size and mesh‐bias spurious dependence when the method is applied ‘straightly’. A simple isotropic local damage constitutive model is considered, and the (exponential) softening modulus is regularized according to the material fracture energy and the element size. The continuum and discrete mechanical problems corresponding to both the weak discontinuity (smeared cracks) and the strong discontinuity (discrete cracks) approaches are analysed and the question of propagation of the strain localization band (crack) is identified as the main difficulty to be overcome in the numerical procedure. A tracking technique is used to ensure stability of the solution, attaining the necessary convergence properties of the corresponding discrete finite element formulation. Numerical examples show that the formulation derived is stable and remarkably robust. As a consequence, the results obtained do not suffer from spurious mesh‐size or mesh‐bias dependence, comparing very favourably with those obtained with other fracture and continuum mechanics approaches.
Abstract
This paper briefly reviews the formulations used over the last 40 years for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking, with both the discrete and the smeared crack [...]
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Mesh objective tensile cracking via a local continuum damage model and a crack tracking technique
M. Cervera, M. Chiumenti

Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., (2006). Vol. 196 (1-3), pp. 304-320

Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking using the so-called smeared crack approach, that is, standard finite elements with continuous displacement fields and a standard local constitutive model with strain-softening. An isotropic Rankine damage model is considered. The softening modulus is adjusted according to the material fracture energy and the element size. The resulting continuum and discrete mechanical problems are analyzed and the question of predicting correctly the direction of crack propagation is deemed as the main difficulty to be overcome in the discrete problem. It is proposed to use a crack tracking technique to attain the desired stability and convergence properties of the corresponding formulation. Numerical examples show that the resulting procedure is well-posed, stable and remarkably robust; the results obtained do not seem to suffer from spurious mesh-size or mesh-bias dependence.
Abstract
This paper describes a procedure for the solution of problems involving tensile cracking using the so-called smeared crack approach, that is, standard finite elements [...]
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On the orthogonal subgrid scale pressure stabilization of finite deformation J2 plasticity
C. Agelet de Saracibar, M. Chiumenti, Q. Valverde, M. Cervera

Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., (2006). Vol. 195 (9-12), pp. 1224-1251

Abstract
The use of stabilization methods is becoming an increasingly well-accepted technique due to their success in dealing with numerous numerical pathologies that arise in a variety of applications in computational mechanics. In this paper a multiscale finite element method technique to deal with pressure stabilization of nearly incompressibility problems in nonlinear solid mechanics at finite deformations is presented. A J2-flow theory plasticity model at finite deformations is considered. A mixed formulation involving pressure and displacement fields is used as starting point. Within the finite element discretization setting, continuous linear interpolation for both fields is considered. To overcome the Babuška–Brezzi stability condition, a multiscale stabilization method based on the orthogonal subgrid scale (OSGS) technique is introduced. A suitable nonlinear expression of the stabilization parameter is proposed. The main advantage of the method is the possibility of using linear triangular or tetrahedral finite elements, which are easy to generate and, therefore, very convenient for practical industrial applications. Numerical results obtained using the OSGS stabilization technique are compared with results provided by the P1 standard Galerkin displacements linear triangular/tetrahedral element, P1/P1 standard mixed linear displacements/linear pressure triangular/tetrahedral element and Q1/P0 mixed bilinear/trilinear displacements/constant pressure quadrilateral/hexahedral element for 2D/3D nearly incompressible problems in the context of a nonlinear finite deformation J2 plasticity model.
Abstract
The use of stabilization methods is becoming an increasingly well-accepted technique due to their success in dealing with numerous numerical pathologies that arise in a variety [...]
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Reseñas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 71
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Apuntes
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 70
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Joan Brossa and cinema
T. Pedroso Herrera

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 69

Abstract
The relationship between poetry and cinema has always been very fruitful. A special case is that of Joan Brossa, a Catalanian contemporary poet, whose work is rich in poems about cinema, and whose artistic production includes writing cinematographic scripts. J. Brossa was interested in the far out movements, especially in Dadaism, with its objective poetry and visual creation. His interest in the cinema, both the European far.out cinema and the commercial Nonh American cinema, springs from these three sources. In this work it is possible to find poems in which the poetical production (the blank sheet of paper) is put on the sarne level as the cinematographic one (the blank screen).
Abstract
The relationship between poetry and cinema has always been very fruitful. A special case is that of Joan Brossa, a Catalanian contemporary poet, whose work is rich in poems [...]
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Literacy, literature and nechnologies in favour of special education
A. García Guzmán

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 68

Abstract
In this paper some contributions that new technologies have made to the literacy world are analyzed and special emphasis is given to show how new technologies can facilita te the access and the process of learning literacy and literature to people who have some special education needs. This paper will focus on the benefits of computer science and particulary on the role of the Internet to make literature available to everybody.
Abstract
In this paper some contributions that new technologies have made to the literacy world are analyzed and special emphasis is given to show how new technologies can facilita [...]
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Alternative means to access mediatic information for people with sensory impairments
A. Rodríguez Fuentes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 67

Abstract
This paper aims at stating the difficulties which sensory disabled people face in order to access to mediatic information. However, instead of emphasizing and regretting at the difficulties, we try to evidence the needs which users demand to get a whole access to the media and, consequently, highlight their potencial towards the disabled social integration. The goal is to raise different professional's awareness: those which produce andlor make use of the mediato transmit information about their task importance and the possibility of adapting them, if necessary, for sensory disabled people, both related to technological or procedurd adaptations.
Abstract
This paper aims at stating the difficulties which sensory disabled people face in order to access to mediatic information. However, instead of emphasizing and regretting at [...]
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University tutoring: reflections aboot aodiovisoal mass-media subjects
A. Sedeño Valdellos

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 66

Abstract
Tutoring is one of the most important tasks that university teaching profession will work on in a few yean. This work must be integrated in learning, at the same level as traditional class teaching. It seems to me that thinking and theorizing about this topic is a fint step but, rnoreover, we have to set up a range of new practical means to re-invent the univenity tutoring work in order to bring ir near to students.
Abstract
Tutoring is one of the most important tasks that university teaching profession will work on in a few yean. This work must be integrated in learning, at the same level as [...]
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The education in communication in Cataloniaº
A. Ambrós Pallarés

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 65

Abstract
The society of infonnation where we are living is changing very quickly, especially the way we communicate to each other. Apart from the wrinen and spoken language. we must be awared of the fact that the most important part of the messages we receive use the audiovisual language code, so we exist side by side with a multiplicity of languages around us Where and how do we learn about them? The Spanish and Catalonian education programmes are not ready to achieve this aim. For this reason, we suggest to talk about the necessity of an education in communication, which two recent Catalonian studies take into account from different points of view: Llibre Blanc: L'educació en l'entorn audiovisual (White Book: The education around the audiouisual) from CAC (Audiouisual Council from Catalonia) and «I Manifest per I'Educació en Comunicació» (I Manifest for the Education in Communication) from AulaMedia.
Abstract
The society of infonnation where we are living is changing very quickly, especially the way we communicate to each other. Apart from the wrinen and spoken language. we must [...]
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Assessment: strategies to improve the quality in communication processes
I. González López

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 64

Abstract
This paper aims at granting to evaluation a high priority character to guarantee the quality of the communication processes. Conceived as a systematic, deliberate group process, the text which is presented contributes a series of functional elements used in the assessment of the communicative action, as well as a series of techniques, quantitative as much as qualitative, appropiate for the achievement of the required excellence obiectives.
Abstract
This paper aims at granting to evaluation a high priority character to guarantee the quality of the communication processes. Conceived as a systematic, deliberate group process, [...]
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Studying at the hellmouth: the school experiencein «Buffy, the vampire slayer»
C. Cascajosa Virino

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 63

Abstract
In this paper we will analyze the representation of the school experience particularly higheschool and college in the American televisión program «Buffy, the vampire slayer». The series tells a story about maturation and responsibility showing values with which young people can easily identify themselves, but it is also an intelligent and honest representation of the school life using the resource of fantasy to symbolize the fears which teens face during their educational life.
Abstract
In this paper we will analyze the representation of the school experience particularly higheschool and college in the American televisión program «Buffy, the vampire slayer». [...]
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«Cinema and Health» Programme: A ipublic nitiative to promote adolescents' health
J. Gallego Diéguez, C. Gurpegui Vidal

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 62

Abstract
«Cinema and Health» Programme has been created as a tool to improve the quality of health education on teenagers and it is developed by ESO teachers. Films go deeply into emotions, feelings and personal abilities and they also show everyday life situations to make easier for young people to reflect on them. Every year, the Programme «Cinema and Healthx involves more than 20.000 students from Aragon.
Abstract
«Cinema and Health» Programme has been created as a tool to improve the quality of health education on teenagers and it is developed by ESO teachers. Films go deeply into [...]
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Communication in Internet: social constructivism and development of a virtual identity
A. Ortigosa Pastor, A. Ibáñez Moreno

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 61

Abstract
Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a virtual meeting point where people from al1 over the world can meet and talk. On context new strategies for creating shared systems of significance, and strategies for constructing an identity, have evolved. These strategies consist mostly of linguistic resources, since the access to visual or auditory features such as appearance or accent, which are significant identiwcreating factors in face-to-face interaction, is quite limited. In this paper, and following the theoretical framework of social constructivism, it is analyzed how chat participants may develop and sustain an identity in IRC chatrooms by using several linguistic and/or graphic resources on the web.
Abstract
Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a virtual meeting point where people from al1 over the world can meet and talk. On context new strategies for creating shared systems of significance, [...]
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The virtual school: technology as an educative tool
M. Tesouro Cid, J. Puiggalí Allepuz

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 60

Abstract
The virtual school es neither restricted to a physical place (the school) nor a fiexed timetable. On the wntrary, students and teachen interact without spacial or temporary restriaions. Virtual school provide big opportunities to the students who cannot attend regular classes for different reasons and in some cases technolow turns out to be a more successful model than wnventional education.
Abstract
The virtual school es neither restricted to a physical place (the school) nor a fiexed timetable. On the wntrary, students and teachen interact without spacial or temporary [...]
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Educative and communicative technologies in teacher's training programs
V. Marcolla

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 59

Abstract
This paper analyses how professors of the teacher's training programs at federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) consider the introduction of educative and communicative technologies (ECT) -in this case, basically, personal computers, interfaces and the Internet- related to teacher's training programs. In doing so, this paper attempts to articulate theoretical discussions with analytical references of professors' view about the use of technologies in teacher' s training programs and some contradictions identified in the empirical research.
Abstract
This paper analyses how professors of the teacher's training programs at federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) consider the introduction of educative and communicative technologies [...]
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Virtual museums as a teaching and learning tool
J. Santibáñez Velilla

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 58

Abstract
Teachen have in real and virtual museums a didactic tool with innovative and creative potential that allows students to acquire knowledge based on the observation of the natural, historical, artistic, scientific and technical enviroment. The use of virtual museums as a didactic tool helps furthermore to familiarize students with the cultural and scientific patrimony they have inherited and they should be able to increase in the future. The principles that rule every didactic action influence on any strategy that we may apply to the use of virtual museums as a didactic tool.
Abstract
Teachen have in real and virtual museums a didactic tool with innovative and creative potential that allows students to acquire knowledge based on the observation of the natural, [...]
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Communication processes in virtual cooperative environments
G. Jiménez Valverde, A. Llitjós Viza

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 57

Abstract
In this paper we present a teaching resource consisting on a virtual environment which prornotes cooperation among students through different user,to-user and environment-to-user communication strategies, which are free be used for academic and research purposes.
Abstract
In this paper we present a teaching resource consisting on a virtual environment which prornotes cooperation among students through different user,to-user and environment-to-user [...]
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A current view of the elearning communities
F. García Martínez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 56

Abstract
This paper tries to show up the different learning communities, interrelated thanks to the possibilities that the communication and media technologies offer. From this point of view, people can take part in different e-learning communities at the same time and help to build, rebuild and share knowledge in the media society.
Abstract
This paper tries to show up the different learning communities, interrelated thanks to the possibilities that the communication and media technologies offer. From this point [...]
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Coeducation in Andalusian telematic educative network «Averroes»
E. Galarza Femández

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 55

Abstract
This paper makes an analytical approach to the coeducational page developed within the «Averroes» website created by the Junta de Andalucía. The conceptual characteristics and the techniques of this webpage will be studied. Coeducation and the use of TIC for its leaming will be thoroughly viewed in order to achievement of the coeducative aim required by the civil goverment.
Abstract
This paper makes an analytical approach to the coeducational page developed within the «Averroes» website created by the Junta de Andalucía. The conceptual characteristics [...]
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Relationship between journalists and politicians in critical situations: a case study
S. Cortiñas Rovira, C. Pont i Sorribes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 54

Abstract
This article tries to study the relationship between iournalists and politicians in critical situations. The writers have analyzed the information broadcast by the television networks in Spain: Televisión Española, Antena 3 and Tele 5 on March 2004 11th, 12th and 13th, just after the terrorist attack in Madrid. From this study research, it has been concluded that the journalists had little critical capacity, they were in collusion with the politicians, spreading certain badly argued theses and subject maner, using unwarranted expressions.
Abstract
This article tries to study the relationship between iournalists and politicians in critical situations. The writers have analyzed the information broadcast by the television [...]
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Magic ingredients and clinical tests in commercials as advertising strategies
C. Moreno Castro

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 53

Abstract
In this paper we analyse several television commercials shown on Spanish national TV channels. There are two different kinds of advertising slogans to increase credibility of the advertised products: spots which make reference to nmagic ingredientsn, which are subject to trends and designed to make the target audience fantazise about the characteristics of these products; and secondly, we detect a growing number of advertisements which make reference to the product having been scientifically tested. However, complaints by consumers' organisations and the scientific community are on the rise concerning the abusive use of scientific terrninology on television advertising, as well as the lack of scientific reality of the claims made in the commercials.
Abstract
In this paper we analyse several television commercials shown on Spanish national TV channels. There are two different kinds of advertising slogans to increase credibility [...]
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Parents' guidance on TV use: a quantitative and qualitative model for content acquisition
C. Marta Lazo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 52

Abstract
Parents' behavioural patterns as regards TV use define children's interaction with the medium. Parents' supervision helps the child to establish a ser of personal criteria concerning both duration and frequency of exposure, as well as age appropriateness. Furthermore, as our research evinces, children in the habit of discussing TV shows with their parents reveal a higher degree of activeness in their visualisation process together with a notably finer ability of disclosing and decoding content in TV messages.
Abstract
Parents' behavioural patterns as regards TV use define children's interaction with the medium. Parents' supervision helps the child to establish a ser of personal criteria [...]
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Youth, technologies and the language of links
V. Marí Sáez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 51

Abstract
This paper explores the new ways of relation and interaction which are taking place into the lnformation Society, particularly on the use of the latest information and communication technologies (ICTs). Young people, the «Net generationn, have a very good opinion of the language of links. They are taking the most of the relation and communication potentials from the new technologies such as the Internet. These present changes mean chances and risks that should be taken into account by teachers and communicators.
Abstract
This paper explores the new ways of relation and interaction which are taking place into the lnformation Society, particularly on the use of the latest information and communication [...]
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The impact of mobile phones in the life of adolescents aged 12 - 16 years old
S. Malo Cerrato

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 50

Abstract
The impact that a new technology item such as the mobile phone has on today's society, in particular, on the life of adolescents aged 12 - 16, is analyzed and discussed. In the information society we are living in, changes are ever quickening. Consequently, interpenonal relationships are being modified. Many of these transformations affects adolescents transforming their habits, attitudes and ways of relationships around this technology, both with their friends and families.
Abstract
The impact that a new technology item such as the mobile phone has on today's society, in particular, on the life of adolescents aged 12 - 16, is analyzed and discussed. In [...]
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From the school in television to the (digital) television in the school
J. Victoria Mas

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 49

Abstract
In this paper, first, three implicits insights are identified regarding relationships between education and television. Next is the description of one kind of development from television programs «sort of educational» to the properly educational television programs. Finally, we focus in the ideal of interactivity in one television alreadey converged, in some cases, with internet. In the epilogue, an insight is proposed regarding two platonic miths, one about participation in the communication and another about the breaking of the unidirectionality and of the mass communication media like television seems to carry us.
Abstract
In this paper, first, three implicits insights are identified regarding relationships between education and television. Next is the description of one kind of development [...]
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Historia de la imprenta
E. Martínez-Salanova Sánchez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 48
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The media in teenagers' socialization: styles and modes
M. Téramo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 47

Abstract
This paper shows the role of media in the teenagers socialization of teenagers' styles and modes. In the first part, the author defines the concept «style»; in the second, she explains the results of the survey applied to Spanish and Argentine teenagers.
Abstract
This paper shows the role of media in the teenagers socialization of teenagers' styles and modes. In the first part, the author defines the concept «style»; in the second, [...]
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Video games, markers of tendencies in the technological leisure
Á. Llorca Díez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 46

Abstract
Children need autonomy to face the images transmited by the new information and communication technologies. The analysis of the social mechanisms carried out to protect children of the possible damages of some video games contents, which are part of their leisure time, demonstrates the necessity of a visual education which would guarantee their access to a hll mediatic universe of learning options.
Abstract
Children need autonomy to face the images transmited by the new information and communication technologies. The analysis of the social mechanisms carried out to protect children [...]
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Music and styles: the creation by means of the theory of social representations
M. Duarte

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 45

Abstract
We approached the theory of the social representations, from the epistemologic perspective of the rhetorical change of the philosophy, like a model for the creation of musical uhits. and soundtracks spread by mass media and characterized by musical topics, figures that reflect the social and psychological processes of the elaboration of musical ideas. The dynamics of this creation seem to be effective for the development of a «sgnificant» teaching process of music teaching.
Abstract
We approached the theory of the social representations, from the epistemologic perspective of the rhetorical change of the philosophy, like a model for the creation of musical [...]
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The meaning of television series: audiovisual slogans
M. Medina Laverón

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 44

Abstract
Television contents influence as much in our behavior and our thought as other social and educationai agents, but the influence might be in a less conscious way than the othen. In this paper we will reflect about how to take advantage of the series for educationai purposes. Drama series can be used as a tool to educate young people and show them how to form their moral criterium in order to distinguish good fiom bad, to judge the programmes and to know the reasons for not to watch certain television programmes.
Abstract
Television contents influence as much in our behavior and our thought as other social and educationai agents, but the influence might be in a less conscious way than the othen. [...]
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Communication outlines of free magazines aimed at youngsters
E. Hudson

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 43

Abstract
Trendy free magazines have become a mass phenomenon among university students. Using their own language, they propose a postmodern culture transmited through a special aesthetic outlook. This paper deals with the communication outlines as well as their formal and content elements put forward by these magazines.
Abstract
Trendy free magazines have become a mass phenomenon among university students. Using their own language, they propose a postmodern culture transmited through a special aesthetic [...]
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Bestsellers, reading habits and ideology
M. Martínez Cabeza, M. Espínola Rosillo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 42

Abstract
Readers of bestsellers, books which sell over 100.000 copies in a short time, feel ashamed to acknowledge such wguilty pleasuresn in view of the general opinion against their poor literary quality. The equation between high number of readers and poor quality has not been solved but there is little doubt that the impact of bestsellers mirrors and afects the ways in which we envisage our present, past and future. Precisely this capacity of popular fiction to articulate contemporary issues calls for critica1 analysis. This paper tackles the issue from the penpective of popular fiction studies considering factors and issues involved in the success of bestselling fiction both in its production and consumption. Because of their international dimension, «The Da Vinci Code» and «Harry Potter» offer two unavoidable paradigms in adult and children fiction to be considered.
Abstract
Readers of bestsellers, books which sell over 100.000 copies in a short time, feel ashamed to acknowledge such wguilty pleasuresn in view of the general opinion against their [...]
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Towards intelligent buying
M. Gajitos

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 41

Abstract
The world of fashion is often associated with being trendy and being able to spend a good amount of money in purchasing clothes, shoes and accessories that are «in». The pre-teens, teenagers and yuppies are the main target group. But buying habits are slowly but surely changing, at least in the Northem European countries, and specifically in Finland. The focus is not on quantity but on quality: long-lasting materials and timeless design pieces. And ethics. Though a lot of young people are still prey to cheap, seasonal anires and fashion items, newgeneration designen are anracting clients towards intelligent consumerism: buying for quality and based on values.
Abstract
The world of fashion is often associated with being trendy and being able to spend a good amount of money in purchasing clothes, shoes and accessories that are «in». The [...]
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Vocabulary and fashion discourse
C. Ávila Manín, F. Linares Ales

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 40

Abstract
In the discourse of fashion the presentation and the evaluation of acts and objets are often mixed. Depaning from this assumption the present work investigates the lexical and pragmatical reasons that intensify the moral connotation of expressions about fashion and allow their use for persuasive means; at the same time this work also illustrates the importance of the familiarization with these expressions for education, both as communicative facts and as reasons for moral reflection.
Abstract
In the discourse of fashion the presentation and the evaluation of acts and objets are often mixed. Depaning from this assumption the present work investigates the lexical [...]
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«Dinkis»: setting a new life style
M. Delgado Brull, D. Gómez Abeja

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 39

Abstract
The term «dinki» stands for «double income no kids» and refers to young couples with high earned income who do not want to have offspring in order to maintain their economical status (a great part of their income is devoted to travelling, eating in restaurants...). The «dinki» phenomenon is not new at all. According to the results about «Young families in Spain» published by Milward Brown Spain consultancy in November 2005, in Spain there are already 800,000 of «dinki» couples, a 75 percentage higher than in 2000.
Abstract
The term «dinki» stands for «double income no kids» and refers to young couples with high earned income who do not want to have offspring in order to maintain their economical [...]
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Metrosexuals and übersexuals as an advertising construction
J. Rey Fuentes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 38

Abstract
«Metrosexuals» or «übersexuals» are lately all the rage in mass media and among young people. This model is not new: it is the result of a process of transformation initiated some time ago in Westem Societies. The new man who worries about so, called female topics is on the one hand a social reality and on the other one, an advertising construction. «Metrosexuals» and «übersexuals» as a social reality are one of the results of the revolution carried out by women, however they are an advertising artefact as well, because they are the product of companies which through observation and due to advertising have tumed a minor trend into a mass phenomenon.
Abstract
«Metrosexuals» or «übersexuals» are lately all the rage in mass media and among young people. This model is not new: it is the result of a process of transformation initiated [...]
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Fashion and mass media and civic education
J. de Andrés Garrido

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 37

Abstract
Fashion and mass media are social core elements with an educational function that may even replace the educational frarnes provided by the family. The social effects of media power are shown to be negative: young citizens do not like topics of public interest, they are only interested in consuming and they believe that their own destiny does not depend on their personal decisions but on higher social power.
Abstract
Fashion and mass media are social core elements with an educational function that may even replace the educational frarnes provided by the family. The social effects of media [...]
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Presentación de temas: Modas y tendencias actuales de la comunicación
E. Martínez Rodrigo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 36
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Prolegómenos
J. Aguaded Gómez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (2), 35
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Reseñas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 34
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Apuntes
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 33
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Mass media, non-formal education and social representations on violence
Á. Liceras Ruiz

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 32

Abstract
Mass media, through their programs, news and the informal education they spread, show social representation on reality, being the ones referring to violence of great importance in our culture. In order to investigate on the educative influence of mass media in the social representations on violence and the social practices that such representations favour, its characteristics and their school discussion make specific the content of this paper.
Abstract
Mass media, through their programs, news and the informal education they spread, show social representation on reality, being the ones referring to violence of great importance [...]
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Press as resource in the adult curriculum
M. Ricoy Lorenzo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 31

Abstract
In this paper we gather part of the research about the use of press as curricular material in basic adults´education. The work has contributed to different aspects concerning the relevance but also the obstacles that teachers face in their effort to use press in different subjects of the curriculum. The study contributes to know the circumstances of integration of press in education. It includes some improvements, and it promotes some work lines concerning this topic.
Abstract
In this paper we gather part of the research about the use of press as curricular material in basic adults´education. The work has contributed to different aspects concerning [...]
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Media, education and reality
V. Marín Díaz

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 30

Abstract
Nowadays media images rule our lives. However, in early ages it is considered necessary the help of a guide to discriminate information. We want to make people reflect about the need to promote specific training on the media since childhood.
Abstract
Nowadays media images rule our lives. However, in early ages it is considered necessary the help of a guide to discriminate information. We want to make people reflect about [...]
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The spanish participation in international projects of communication
F. Sacristán Romero

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 29

Abstract
The contribution of the technical advances to citizens´welfare has been so flashing that it has become a door opened to the increasing artificial necessities of communication in some occasions, real in others, as it demonstrates the numerous supply of television channels that can be turned on with satellite dish of standard-small size.
Abstract
The contribution of the technical advances to citizens´welfare has been so flashing that it has become a door opened to the increasing artificial necessities of communication [...]
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Use of teaching resources for reading and writing in preschoolers in Venezuela
M. Garassini, J. Cabero Almenara

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 28

Abstract
This investigation allowed us to learn about the reality of educational centers and preschool teachers who work in the metropolitan area of Caracas, specifically in reference to the methods used by the teachers to promote literacy development and the use of different teaching practices to achieve the desired objectives in this area. The results point to a gradual change on the part of teachers as to the methodology employed to promote literacy development, ranging from the traditional use of basic reading programs and reading readiness exercises to the use of varied and functional literacy materials and activities. As to the type of resources employed, the use of printed materials prevails, with some incursions into the use of multimedia programs.
Abstract
This investigation allowed us to learn about the reality of educational centers and preschool teachers who work in the metropolitan area of Caracas, specifically in reference [...]
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The interactive multimedia story
J. Perceval Verde, S. Tejedor Calvo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 27

Abstract
In this article we reflect upon the educational possibilities of interactive multimedia stories. After analysing the origins and the evolution of stories, we studied the innovations introduced by the multimedia convergence, the hypertext and interactivity in stories with educational objectives within the Information Society. We are also presenting an interactive multimedia story project developed by the Master of Communication and Education at the UAB.
Abstract
In this article we reflect upon the educational possibilities of interactive multimedia stories. After analysing the origins and the evolution of stories, we studied the innovations [...]
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Sociability and identity in virtu@ls universes. The digitalization of reality in the new XXIst century generations
T. Millán Paredes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 26

Abstract
The Internet allows us to build a side-world where we invent and re-invent ourselves, relate to the world and face reality through a screen. The new generations are being socialized in virtual surroundings. Which will the consequences be? The step forward from the atom to the bit has determined a new form to see the outside. It has extended the capacity of memory and storage of the human being, but mainly it allows people to relate in a way which will change the idiosyncracy of the man. New technologies are shaping the man. They have already made his body infinite and free, marked by virtual processes that we do not even know. Young people of XXIth century are the digital generation.
Abstract
The Internet allows us to build a side-world where we invent and re-invent ourselves, relate to the world and face reality through a screen. The new generations are being [...]
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The outdated Disney world: A proposal of critical analysis to work on at school
P. Digón Regueiro

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 25

Abstract
The image of innocence and the defence of moral values that Disney company sells make any attempt of a critical analysis of products such as Disney cartoon movies quite difficult. However, Disney culture fills up our lives aiming not only at entertaining but also educating us in some clearly conservative values. In this paper, stereotypes and values transmitted by these media products are reviewed and a specific proposal of analysis to work on at schools is presented.
Abstract
The image of innocence and the defence of moral values that Disney company sells make any attempt of a critical analysis of products such as Disney cartoon movies quite difficult. [...]
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Critical reading in the Internet: assessment and aplication of its resources
B. Fainholc

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 24

Abstract
The Internet as a socio-telematic media should generate and increase educational processes. Teaching and reading practice in the Internet is very necessary in order to learn to interact critically. The development of skills to explote its potencial for a deep and thoughtful comprehension with the transference to other reading situations, interaction and navigation will help for an autonomous and imaginative person.
Abstract
The Internet as a socio-telematic media should generate and increase educational processes. Teaching and reading practice in the Internet is very necessary in order to learn [...]
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Women´s images in «Telva», a women´s magazine
M. Roca i Sales

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 23

Abstract
Taking the field of specialized press as a starting point, this study aims at determining and understanding the mechanisms of representation employed by the press for women, also known as women´s magazines and women´s pages. Stereotypes, understood as a representation tool, determine the actual models and icones for women in women´s magazines, and besides, permit comparison with the real situation of the contemporary Spanish woman. This paper also argues about the correspondence between media stereotypes and social stereotypes used in the interviews published by «Telva» in almost 40 years.
Abstract
Taking the field of specialized press as a starting point, this study aims at determining and understanding the mechanisms of representation employed by the press for women, [...]
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The protagonism of the mass media in student’s education
H. Martínez-Fresneda Osorio

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 22

Abstract
The emergence of the media as a complementary school parallel to schools, invites the educational community to rethink about the most effective way to integrate media into the school curriculum in order to encourage and help students in their education. Through this relationship among mass media reality and students themselves, schools arises as the key where offering a correct media interpretation.
Abstract
The emergence of the media as a complementary school parallel to schools, invites the educational community to rethink about the most effective way to integrate media into [...]
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Treatment of women image in Venezuelan TV spots
I. Velásquez de León

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 21

Abstract
This paper is a descriptive research about the women image in Venezuelan TV spots, through the analysis of roles, gender stereotypes and physical features. They show the predominance of sensual women, their reclusion in domestic environments and the representation of white, young and brunette women.
Abstract
This paper is a descriptive research about the women image in Venezuelan TV spots, through the analysis of roles, gender stereotypes and physical features. They show the predominance [...]
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Televisión and viewers: the civil society is changing
M. Segura Escobar

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 20

Abstract
The author reflects about the relevance of media education for nowadays citizens. He thinks that Primary and Secondary school have to be the place for that relevant education, trying to make the youngters creative receivers of the media. From this point of view, the paper goes on making a revision of the instruments developed by the CNICE in order to make it possible.
Abstract
The author reflects about the relevance of media education for nowadays citizens. He thinks that Primary and Secondary school have to be the place for that relevant education, [...]
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Discourse and socialization in children´s cinematographic productions
A. Martínez, A. Merlino

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 19

Abstract
Understanding that cultural products for children transmit social representations and reproduce specific outlines of attitudes and behaviours, this paper focuses on the gender construction based on specific messages in children´s films. We analyze here, the 1991 Disney´s Company cartoon film «The Beauty and the best».
Abstract
Understanding that cultural products for children transmit social representations and reproduce specific outlines of attitudes and behaviours, this paper focuses on the gender [...]
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Telepsychodrama and school education: a teachers´talk
H. Dupas Penteado

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 18

Abstract
The telepsychodrama is a new cultural product. It comes from research that links Moreno´s ideas to the current TV and VCR technological resources. The paper results from this research. It investigates pedagogic properties of telepsychodrama in school teaching situations. This teaching resource presents, in the collective life of spontaneous preocesses, possibilities of overcoming difficulties experimented and outlined by the youth.
Abstract
The telepsychodrama is a new cultural product. It comes from research that links Moreno´s ideas to the current TV and VCR technological resources. The paper results from [...]
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Colour as a communicative element, an issue on its acceptance or rejection among young people
J. del Olmo Barbero

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 17

Abstract
This colour research is set out as a formal element whose presence influences the acceptance or rejection of written communication. The awareness of these preferences allow us to lay out more attractive designs to catch young people. There is a certain consensus about the fact that the use of colour is an added value in the communicative strategy, but the tone selection is a task which is delegated to the designers and is more the result of intuition rather than study. This research which is part of a doctoral thesis on the management of colour in the print media, is about the preferences and rejection that young people show in the use of colour.
Abstract
This colour research is set out as a formal element whose presence influences the acceptance or rejection of written communication. The awareness of these preferences allow [...]
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Media, identities and communication. A community radio experience with native wichí people
J. Huergo, K. Morawicki, L. Ferreyra

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 16

Abstract
This paper shows the impact experienced by the creation of a community radio station. We reduce some aspects related to the production of bilingual programmes. The major part of this production was under-taken by young people of the wichi community. This article synthesises the most important aspects related to the production of the bilingual programmes. By means of this participative process, we facilitate the ability of the aborigenes to develop their identity and the intercultural dialogue of great importance in the context of globalisation.
Abstract
This paper shows the impact experienced by the creation of a community radio station. We reduce some aspects related to the production of bilingual programmes. The major part [...]
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Interactive digital TV and its learning tools
A. González Gómez, K. Jiménez Comrie

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 15

Abstract
Interactive Digital TV (IDTV) is a reality in the midst of the Information Society, is expected to allow the development of new interactive systems that may be useful in daily life as well as in other scopes such as education, politics and economics. The implications that IDTV requires to mature settles new challenges for both public and private authorities, and, demands also, new standards for other aspects such as technolgy applications, television industry, legal frames, social envioroments and education fields. This paper presents the basis of IDTV and also looks beyond to explore what are the outlines that can be used to provide an efficient broadcast and interactivity.
Abstract
Interactive Digital TV (IDTV) is a reality in the midst of the Information Society, is expected to allow the development of new interactive systems that may be useful in daily [...]
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Media education, TIC education: some reflections from Latin America
P. Cortés de Cervantes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 14

Abstract
Nowadays young people live in two very different worlds: one which is related to school and one which is related to the streets and the day-to-day life. Then, we can speak about two ways of education: a formal education that is ruled at schools and University, and an informal education that children learn out of the school. In this paper, we will focus on this relevant problem which causes many reflections and hopes on the future of Latin American education, in both formal and non formal contexts.
Abstract
Nowadays young people live in two very different worlds: one which is related to school and one which is related to the streets and the day-to-day life. Then, we can speak [...]
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Media Education as a basis for civic education
F. Tucho Fernández

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 13

Abstract
Civic education emerges as a new subject in the Spanish school after the last reform of the currículo. What kind of citizens and what kind of education are we talking about when we promote civic education? This paper reflects upon these topics and asks for the role of media education in the upbringsing of a critical, active, creative citizenship. A case of study joining media education and civic education is the «Student Voices project» developed in some American schools.
Abstract
Civic education emerges as a new subject in the Spanish school after the last reform of the currículo. What kind of citizens and what kind of education are we talking about [...]
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Literates and knowledge: the digital literacy
D. Levis

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 12

Abstract
The digital literacy is one of the principal challenges which education faces today. A real digital literacy does not consist of teaching only how to use a computer and different computer applications, but it must also offer the basic elements for the comprehension and managing of the language in which the programs are codified. The dilemma is to form a society of users of the technology or a society who incorporates one new way of conceiving and creating knowledge.
Abstract
The digital literacy is one of the principal challenges which education faces today. A real digital literacy does not consist of teaching only how to use a computer and different [...]
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Historia de Gran Hermano
E. Martínez-Salanova Sánchez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 11
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Communication and public health from adolescents’ point of view
J. Coronado Morón, J. López García

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 10

Abstract
This paper presents a study about the young, the use they do of mass media and the relationship they keep with health. Among other contributions, it is to be highlighted that the voice of young people can be heard in this article which, with the use of methodological triangulation, offers a rich information about how adolescents contact the media and interpret its messages.
Abstract
This paper presents a study about the young, the use they do of mass media and the relationship they keep with health. Among other contributions, it is to be highlighted that [...]
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Communication, health and adolescents
R. Muriel Fernández, J. Blanco Aguilar

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 9

Abstract
This paper deals with the use of communication as a strategy in public health programmes aimed at adolescents. It is based on widely developed programmes in Andalucia, which allows a reflection on the power communication has, either in terms of information or formation, to reinforce the healthy coexistence of a diversity of young people in a society of adult power.
Abstract
This paper deals with the use of communication as a strategy in public health programmes aimed at adolescents. It is based on widely developed programmes in Andalucia, which [...]
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Communicative and educational strategies to improve adolescents’ health
L. Guadarrama Rico, J. Valero Vilchis

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2006). Vol. 14, (1), 8

Abstract
One of the challenges of the present century is to achieve adolescents and young adults’ complete development taking as a basis healthy behaviours and a culture of selfcare. On this basis in Toluca, a town in the State of Mexico, an interdisciplinary group has started an action programme dedicated to produce communicative and educational strategies to improve face-to-face and media interactions in order to promote a healthy behaviour in this group of population.
Abstract
One of the challenges of the present century is to achieve adolescents and young adults’ complete development taking as a basis healthy behaviours and a culture of selfcare. [...]
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