Results for "Water" : Scipedia

Water supply systems and their influence on increasing operational safety in industry

Abstract

The reliability of the technical manufacturing base of each state depends on the supplies of energies and drinking water in standard as well as extraordinary conditions. An extraordinary event or crisis situation can be caused by natural influences and anthropogenic events. Whereas [...]

44
read

Petronila Liz Contreras Yalico's personal collection

The contribution of social communication to projects of rehabilitation of water and sanitation networks: The case of Sedapal Project Lote 3

Abstract

This paper focus on implementation of communication strategies developed in the Rehabilitation of Potable Water and Sewerage Network Lote 3 project, executed between 2013 and 2014 in the district of Comas, north of Lima-Peru, and belonging to the Servicio de Agua Potable y [...]

10

read

Correspondencias & análisis
The contribution of social communication to projects of rehabilitation of water and sanitation networks: The case of Sedapal Project Lote 3

Abstract
This paper focus on implementation of communication strategies developed in the Rehabilitation of Potable Water and Sewerage Network Lote 3 project, executed between 2013 and 2014 in the district of Comas, north of Lima-Peru, and belonging to the Servicio de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de Lima (SEDAPAL), company responsible for water and sewage in Lima. As a result, it could be observed that the implementation of a diagnosis of perceptions, the communication plan and the communication and education products allowed to facilitate the design of messages according to the context of the project, taking into account the speeches of the users against and in favor of the project, as well as the objectives sought by the executing company.
Abstract
This paper focus on implementation of communication strategies developed in the Rehabilitation of Potable Water and Sewerage Network Lote 3 project, executed between 2013 and 2014 in the district of Comas, north of Lima-Peru, and belonging to the Servicio de Agua Potable y [...]

2

read

Papers Repository of the International Centre for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE)
Large-amplitude sloshing with submerged blocks

Abstract

The computer simulation of forced vibrations induced on a water pool is presented in this paper. The complexity of the seismic fluid-structure interaction problem is accentuated by the large free surface motion. To overcome this difficulty, the arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element formulation is employed. Moreover, the nonlinear behavior of the free surface motion is also taken into account. The results of the numerical simulation are compared with published experimental data and the effectiveness of the ALE algorithm is demonstrated
Abstract

The computer simulation of forced vibrations induced on a water pool is presented in this paper. The complexity of the seismic fluid-structure [...]

4

read

Collection of open conferences in research transport
A Method to Integrate Energy Harvesters into Wireless Sensor Nodes for Embedded In-Pipe Monitoring Applications

Abstract
Batteries are commonly used to power sensors, a fact that carries severe drawbacks such as limited lifetime and regular replacement. Battery powered sensors are particularly impractical in under-water pipelines due to limited access. Therefore, harvesting of ambient energy to power embedded sensors is an attractive option for such systems. A method is proposed, in this paper, to power in-pipe wireless sensor nodes based on energy harvesting techniques, with minimal impact to the pipe performance. Based on the initial analysis presented in the paper, models will be developed next to facilitate the design of an energy harvester system for Turkey-Cyprus water pipeline project currently under construction.
Abstract
Batteries are commonly used to power sensors, a fact that carries severe drawbacks such as limited lifetime and regular replacement. Battery powered sensors are particularly impractical in under-water pipelines due to limited access. Therefore, harvesting of ambient energy to power [...]

2

read

Francesc Robles's personal collection
Rehabilitation of drinking water pipes with infusion and vacuum technology

Abstract
In the bet of a circular economy to conserve, maintain and lengthen the value of water distribution and supply networks, infusion and vacuum technology used for on-site pipe manufacturing by means of carbon fiber is a safe, reliable and effective alternative for all of those pipelines, whose repair is a major challenge due to the complexity of action by traditional means. Excavations, interference with other services and social pressure exerted by excessive traffic cuts and supplies, are adversities that demand a cultural and strategic change towards the implementation of these innovative solutions, which are already a reality.
Abstract
In the bet of a circular economy to conserve, maintain and lengthen the value of water distribution and supply networks, infusion and vacuum technology used for on-site pipe manufacturing by means [...]

16

read

Durability of Building Materials and Components for Sustainability
Accelerated Degradation of Coating-mortar Interface under UV Radiation in Presence of Water

Abstract
The application of organic coatings is one of the most effective and economic methods to protect concrete structures from deterioration. However, organic coatings are prone to degradation under aggressive environmental actions, so the protective function may loss. While ultraviolet (UV) aging is often blamed for the degradation of organic coatings, water may play a more important role on the interfacial adhesion between the coatings and the substrate. To uncover the effect of water on the degradation performance of coating-substrate system, mortar samples coated with water-borne epoxy resin (WER) were exposed to three assigned environments, i.e., UV radiation, UV/water immersion, and UV/dry-wet cycle, up to 60 days. The surface appearance, chemical structure, wettability, and surface micro-morphology of the aged WER coatings were characterized via image process analysis, attenuated total reflectance flourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR), static water contact angle, and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Results show that the UV/water immersion resulted in severest blistering on the WER-mortar interface, while the UV/wet-dry cycle caused the formation of micro-pinholes on the WER surface. In contrast, the UV radiation did not induce such severe aging. The data implied that water can accelerate the aging of WER-mortar system.
Abstract
The application of organic coatings is one of the most effective and economic methods to protect concrete structures from deterioration. However, organic coatings are prone to degradation under aggressive environmental actions, so the protective function may loss. While ultraviolet [...]

0

read

Abstracts del 4rt Congrés d’Economia i Empresa de Catalunya
Rethinking the institutional framework to manage droughts

Abstract

As water is a complex resource essential to human life and numerous activities, which largely departs from the characteristics of both public and private good, governance around its allocation and reallocation for different uses is not trivial. This explains why specific institutions have historically emerged to manage the resource or resolve conflicts arising from the multiple uses that compete with each other. It would be the case of the Water Court of Valencia or the Hydrographic Confederations. These specific institutions must interact with the traditional administration (in Spain, the central government, the autonomous communities and local bodies, which interact in a complex map of competences) and with private or mixed operators where appropriate, as well as with communities of irrigators, operators of energy conversion plants and other groups. The recurring drought episodes in Spain and Catalonia, more frequent and intense as a result of climate change, suggest the importance of thoroughly analyzing how the existing institutions have dealt with these episodes, and detecting dysfunctions and aspects to be strengthened. Climate change, in fact, amplifies a pre-existing phenomenon in much of the territory: drought is the acute manifestation of a structural challenge (long-term water scarcity), therefore, the institutional framework that addresses it it is as important as technological advances or investments to deal with it. Our contribution will make proposals along the lines of a federal improvement of the existing institutional framework, with a special focus on Catalonia, but with a Spanish and European perspective as well, to deal with the risk of drought, specific drought events and to advance the water security in a context of inevitable adaptation to climate change.

Francesc Trillas (UAB) and Gonzalo Delacámara (IE)

Abstract

As water is a complex resource essential to human life and numerous activities, which [...]

0

read

Collection of Achievements in the Life Sciences
Arsenic and Cadmium Contamination in Water, Sediments and Fish is a Consequence of Paddy Cultivation: Evidence of River Pollution in Sri Lanka

Abstract
The upper Malwathu Oya is a seasonal river. The main livelihood of people living in the immediate vicinity of the river is paddy cultivation, and chronic kidney disease is reported among them. Farmers utilize different types of agricultural chemicals in their fields expecting bumper harvests. Several agricultural chemicals have been reported to contain toxic trace elements in Sri Lanka. Therefore, arsenic and cadmium might end up in the river water. The presence of these trace elements in the river water and sediments can result in their bioaccumulation in fish tissues. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of two trace elements in water and sediments, as well as in fish tissues (gills, kidney, liver and muscle) of three food fish species, Etroplus suratensis, Anabas testudineus and Channa striata during cultivating and non-cultivating seasons of the year. Further, the level of bioaccumulation of two trace elements in fish tissues in relation to the contamination level of water and sediments was assessed. Data were gathered for 43 months. Arsenic and cadmium concentration in water showed a significant (P < 0.05) seasonal variation. Generally, the two trace elements in the river water were highest during the cultivating seasons than in other seasons. In all species, both trace elements in the gills highly depended on the concentration in the water. In all species, two trace elements in water and sediment did not significantly affect the levels in muscle tissue. Therefore, the trace element levels in the edible parts of these three fish were well below the maximum permissible levels of international institutions.
Abstract
The upper Malwathu Oya is a seasonal river. The main livelihood of people living in the immediate vicinity of the river is paddy cultivation, and chronic kidney disease is reported among them. Farmers utilize different types of agricultural chemicals in their fields expecting bumper [...]

87

read

Collection of Engineering
LBM simulation of natural convection in an inclined triangular cavity filled with water

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study of natural convection in a triangular cavity filled with water. The horizontal wall is hot, the vertical wall is cold and the inclined wall is insulated. Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is applied to solve the coupled equations of flow and temperature fields. This study has been carried out for the pertinent parameters in the following ranges: Rayleigh number varied from Ra = 103 to 106 and the inclination angle between Φ=0°Φ=0° and 315°315°. The effects of Rayleigh numbers and inclination angle on the streamlines, isotherms, Nusselt number are investigated. Results show that the heat transfer rate increases with the increase of Rayleigh number. In addition it is observed that the lower heat transfer rate is obtained for Φ=135°Φ=135°, however, the highest heat transfer is achieved at Φ=0°Φ=0°. The inclination angle greatly influences the heat transfer rate depending on the Rayleigh number.
Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study of natural convection in a triangular cavity filled with water. The horizontal wall is hot, the vertical wall is cold and the inclined wall is insulated. Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is applied to solve the coupled equations of flow and temperature [...]

62

read