Documents published in 2023 : Scipedia

Link between the microstructure and the durability of polycrystalline materials: a fatigue damage model in an aluminium alloy
M. Lenglet, A. Ask, S. Forest, P. Kanouté, S. Kruch, M. Lenglet

Manon Lenglet's personal collection (2023). 1

Abstract
In polycrystalline alloys, fatigue damage is strongly influenced by the microstructure. Nowadays crystal plasticity models are used in order to take into account the crystallography and microstructural mechanisms but there is no consensus on crack initiation sites and their most significant mechanisms. The present work combines experimental tests and numerical simulations in order to understand and predict the physical mechanisms that lead to crack formation in high cycle fatigue in high-strength aluminium alloys for aerospace applications. The numerical simulations include a two parameters kinematic hardening. Experiments highlight the importance of two phenomena in fatigue crack initiation in connection with the microstructure. The first aspect is the surface roughness [1]; and our simulations succeed in putting forward the intrusion/extrusion phenomenon. The interest of large deformations in simulations is also discussed because of their effect on grain re-orientation and thus in surface roughness. The second phenomenon is progressive deformations; and the model achieves to account for it through local ratchetting and its effect on the crack initiation. We also intend to model stress relaxation, as its role is yet to be determined. In order to be able to extrapolate the mechanical behaviour over a large number of cycles, it is important to find the stabilized cycle [2]. Parallel simulations allow this to be done for representative crystalline aggregates. Finally, different macroscopic and mostly microscopic fatigue initiation parameters [3] are compared such as the Fatemi-Socie parameter, the stored energy or the commonly used cumulative plastic strain. It leads us to multiple fatigue site initiations, which we can compare with experimental results. The aim is to more accurately predict the site of fatigue crack initiation and the predominant mechanisms in fatigue crack initiation.
Abstract
In polycrystalline alloys, fatigue damage is strongly influenced by the microstructure. Nowadays crystal plasticity models are used in order to take into account the crystallography [...]
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Cálculo de variaciones :Algunos ejemplos. Ecuación de Jacobi
A. Lechuga

Antonio Lechuga's personal collection (2023). 1

Abstract
El cálculo de variaciones es una herramienta matem´atica muy importante que ,en algunos casos,se emplea para resolver problemas en la naturaleza de contenido práctico e incluso teórico.Es por ello que presentamos algunos ejemplos sencillos resueltos completamente con la llamada teoría de Jacobi de los puntos conjugados
Abstract
El cálculo de variaciones es una herramienta matem´atica muy importante que ,en algunos casos,se emplea para resolver problemas en la naturaleza de contenido [...]
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A Review on Using Robotic Automation in Accounting Firms
A. MinaieeNamin

European Accounting Review (2023). 1

Abstract
The Robotic process automation (RPA) is software pre-configured to execute defined business rules in the context of a stand-alone application software. This type of technology is important and practical for the auditing profession because auditing has clear and systematic rules and also a major part of its operation is done through the business systems of the owners. A part of the audit process that has a specific workflow and repeatable judgments is a good option for performing an automated robotic process. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for applying the automated robotic process in auditing. The use of such male software in auditing reduces costs, increases operational efficiency and more advanced analysis. However, the automated robotic process has challenges in deployment, such as: reduction of manpower, items that need multiple attention, privacy, security and so on. In a general analysis, it can be said that due to the continuous development of technology, auditing firms should move towards automation of their processes and if they do not use technology properly, they will lose their competitive advantage. '''Key words''': Robotic process automation, Audit Analysis, Audit Future, Information Technology, Emerging Technologies. '''Reference''' to this paper should be made as follows: Minaiee, A., ‘A Review on Using Robotic Automation in Accounting Firms’, ''Eur. Account. Rev'', Vol. 32, No. 2, pp.1410–1433. '''Biographical notes:''' Amirhossein Minaiee is a research fellow in accounting at Islamic Azad University, West Tehran Branch, Tehran. He has worked at many companies as a researcher and sales manager and has much experience in business and data mining. Also, he took many courses in accounting and business. His main area of research is robotic accounting and business management.
Abstract
The Robotic process automation (RPA) is software pre-configured to execute defined business rules in the context of a stand-alone application software. This type of technology [...]
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Evaluation of forest residues of potential species to obtain carbon as clean energy in the Ecuadorian Amazon
J. González, R. Darío Ledesma, R. Abreu Naranjo

Enfoque UTE - Scientific Engineering Journal (2023). Vol. 14, (1), 4

Abstract
Timber residues due to its use for the construction industry and others provided by the secondary forest and its high content of lignocellulosic material for energy purposes, our objective was to evaluate the forest residues of six species to obtain carbon as clean energy. , which represents great interest for the energy industry. Through the methodology of the study of inventories and sampling of wood residues from sawmills that was in the four cantons of the province of Pastaza, through instrumental techniques of physical, chemical and thermal analysis, the parameters studied were the biomass potential and residue, density, humidity, ashes, volatiles, fixed carbon and higher calorific value (immediate analysis), carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur (CHONS), which allowed obtaining the thermochemical properties, reaching the main results of energy potential, of these three species that can be used for clean energy, due to the amount of ash found in the analyzes below 1% and volatiles (60-80%) of these residues, which clearly shows that it prevents the formation of scale in equipment and damage, in relation to its fixed carbon content on average of 14.78% and its superior calorific value 19.72 Mj/kg, assessing the fact industrial reliability for its energy use that will generate 515.62 GW of clean energy in electrical thermal power annually to meet the needs of vulnerable areas of the Amazon region.
Abstract
Timber residues due to its use for the construction industry and others provided by the secondary forest and its high content of lignocellulosic material for energy purposes, [...]
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Adaptability of regression algorithms to protein Plant behavior
H. Uvidia-Cabadiana, P. Estrada-Jiménez, R. Herrera-Herrera, L. Hernández-Montiel, D. Verdecia-Acosta, J. Ramírez-de la Ribera, P. Noguera-López, E. Chacón-Marcheco

Enfoque UTE - Scientific Engineering Journal (2023). Vol. 14, (1), 2

Abstract
The behavior of components of protein plant is of vital importance for animals that consume them in their diet. The objective of this research is to evaluate regression algorithms, to determine the behavior of the expressions that best adapt to the procedures of a traditional laboratory and to estimate the chemical components of protein plants, in this sense the MULAN library of java has been used, that contain automatic learning algorithms capable of adapting to dissimilar problems. Three data set were created for each species treated in this study; each of these include the main elements to be evaluate in each experiment, these are delimits by: secondary metabolites, cell wall components and digestibility element for training files one, two and three, respectively; subsequently, they were evaluated through learning supervised and cross-validation of each to determine the best fit by aRMSE (Average Root Mean Square Error). The learning results were compare with previous experiments, where there was a learning variant that contained in a single dataset all the components to be evaluates in a single prediction. The result of the comparison shows that the lazy algorithms based on instances have a better learning behavior than the others evaluate.
Abstract
The behavior of components of protein plant is of vital importance for animals that consume them in their diet. The objective of this research is to evaluate regression algorithms, [...]
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EU FAR Newsletter December, 2022
M. Marin, A. Chiș, B. Corad, E. Glăvan

(2022).

Abstract
The document contain the static version of EU FAR Newsletter sent in December, 2022.
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The Richer and the Poorer facing EU funds in Romania: the case of white spots
M. Marin, E. Glăvan, A. Chiș, B. Corad

Abstract
Presentation at The 9th International Conference Economic Scientific Research – Theoretical, Empirical and Practical Approaches. "Constraints and opportunities in shaping the future. New Approaches to Economics and Policy Making," Bucharest, November 24-25, 2202
Abstract
Presentation at The 9th International Conference Economic Scientific Research – Theoretical, Empirical and Practical Approaches. "Constraints and opportunities [...]
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EU FAR Project: Description of Database EU Funds absorbed by Romanian Municipalities 2016-2021
M. Marin, A. Chiș, B. Corad, E. Glăvan

(2022).

Abstract
EU funds reported by each locality (municipality) in their annual budget execution reports. The data is processed by the authors, based on the information published by the Ministry of Development, Public Works and Administration, Directorate for Local Fiscal and Budgetary Policies.
Abstract
EU funds reported by each locality (municipality) in their annual budget execution reports. The data is processed by the authors, based on the information published by the [...]
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NUMERICAL MODELING OF SOLID ELEMENTS OF STRUCTURAL CARBON STEEL, STAINLESS STEEL AND INCONEL ALLOY 718 VIA FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
L. Almeida, L. Almeida

Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería's personal collection (2023). 2

Abstract
The objective of this work is to carry out numerical analyzes of solid elements related to structural carbon steel, both for medium strength steel (MS250) and for high strength steel (HS350); stainless steel 304 (SS) and the inconel 718 superalloy (SI). For this, a mathematical formulation based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) was computationally implemented, which used the FORTRAN programming language, whose purpose was to obtain the values of stresses, deformations and nodal displacements of the steels and the alloy, taking into account that the materials present elastic-linear behavior. As for the stress analyses, the von Mises rupture criterion method was used. For the discretization of solid elements, 4-node tetrahedral (T4), 8-node hexahedral (H8) and 20-node hexahedral (H20) finite elements were used, with each node having three degrees of freedom. The Gauss-Legendre method (Gauss quadrature) was also used for the numerical resolution of the integrals. In order to verify and validate the responses obtained from the implemented computational program, comparisons were made with results found in the literature, and then numerical analyzes of the materials were carried out. This work intends to efficiently contribute to the calculation of stresses, strains and displacements in solids.
Abstract
The objective of this work is to carry out numerical analyzes of solid elements related to structural carbon steel, both for medium strength steel (MS250) and for high strength [...]
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EFFECT OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT, HUMANITARIAN SERVICES AND TRANSPORT LOGISTICS ON PORT OPERATIONS IN NIGERIA: EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT
. (1)Edih, U. (PhD)., . (2)Dbright, O. Agboro., . (3)Nwafili, A. Kennedy, . , . (4)Faghawari, D. Nyanayon, U. Edih

International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovation (2023). 1

Abstract
This study examines the effect of emergency management, humanitarian services and transport logistics on port operations in Nigeria. Its focus is to determine the significance of both emergency management strategies and humanitarian aids during and after emergencies in Nigerian ports. The study adopts multiple regression models to analyze the primary data generated from the field using structured questionnaire. These data were validated using content and sampling validity techniques to ascertain its appropriateness for the study. It was confirmed that disasters or emergencies are retrogressive factors that can cause sudden and massive disruptions to operations in the ports leading to destruction of lives and properties, huge financial loss, destruction of infrastructure and closure of ports, either temporarily or permanently. However, it is proven that effective disaster preparedness/ awareness reduces the hardships experienced during emergencies and that humanitarian services/logistics cannot be done without in rescuing and recovery operations. The study concludes that effective disaster management strategies and efficient humanitarian services have positive and significant effects on port operations in Nigeria and recommends the following measures; every port should have a standard disaster management unit (SDMU) among others.
Abstract
This study examines the effect of emergency management, humanitarian services and transport logistics on port operations in Nigeria. Its focus is to determine the significance [...]
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Influence of boundary conditions on oxygen distribution in an organ-on-a-chip platform
V. Carvalho, N. Rodrigues, R. Rodrigues, M. Bañobre, R. Lima, S. Teixeira

eccomas2022.

Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms have revolutionized the drug development process by offering an effective alternative to animal models. These advanced microfluidic platforms mimic the organ functions at a microscale, and they can be produced at a large scale and at a lower price. Despite the variety of OoC models developed up to now, the combination of numerical simulations with experimental procedures has been of paramount importance in the development of more realistic and effective OoC devices. In addition, a better understanding of the physical phenomena happening in OoC can be obtained. In the present work, fluid flow numerical simulations were carried out in an OoC aiming to evaluate the influence of imposing different inlet velocities on the oxygen distribution along the device. This is of great importance to understand if the oxygen that reaches the cells is adequate for their culture. The results showed that for the geometry tested, with four organ models in parallel, by increasing the inlet velocity, the dissolved oxygen where cells are cultured also increases. This proves the importance of using numerical simulations for improving the performance of the experimental tests and optimizing the flow conditions.
Abstract
Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms have revolutionized the drug development process by offering an effective alternative to animal models. These advanced microfluidic platforms [...]
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The research of pricing mechanisms of public procurement system in the Russian Federation
S. Belev, A. Efremov, A. Kireeva, A. Zolotareva, E. Leonov, E. Matveev, I. Sokolov, A. Komarnitskaya, O. Suchkova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 70

Abstract
This article presents the main results of research on the topic of the research of the pricing mechanisms within the public procurement system in the Russian Federation. The goal of this article is to estimate the effect of the pricing mechanism on the efficiency of public procurement system in the Russian Federation. This research examines the initial maximum contract price (IMCP) mechanism as one possible reason for persistent inefficiency of the public procurement system. The authors discuss composite auctions (in which the winner is selected based on more than just price criteria) in the procurement of the results of research and development (R&D) work in Russia. It is found that unscrupulous customers can collude with suppliers to manipulate (overstate) the IMCP and restrict competition, which results in a higher final contract price and losses to the state budget. Using the metric of interaction frequency, we identified suppliers potentially affiliated with the customers. The results of econometric modeling suggest that potentially affiliated suppliers win the auctions with bids closer to the initial maximum contract price (IMCP) than independent suppliers. This result is observed regardless of specification changes and different evaluation methods. Potentially affiliated bidders have higher quality scores in contests with potentially affiliated organizers. At the same time, independent participants receive lower scores in such auctions. Therefore, a potentially affiliated bidder can set a higher price, winning due to overstated quality criteria
Abstract
This article presents the main results of research on the topic of the research of the pricing mechanisms within the public procurement system in the Russian Federation. The [...]
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"ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL WEIGHT MATRIXES ON ASSESSMENTS OF REGIONAL INDICATORS»
T. Yur'yevna, G. Gennad'yevna

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 71

Abstract
The article is devoted to modeling the spatial dependence between macroeconomic indicators of Russian regions, using spatial weight matrices. The authors perform a comparative analysis of five matrices taking into account only the values of the indicators themselves in neighboring regions, without the influence of other macroeconomic series of data. The article analyzes papers that describe ways to build weighting matrices, both based only on geographic data and on economic indicators; the five matrices are applied to three models built on Russian regional data. The study is based on regional inflation and GRP data. In addition to modeling on data about all regions, spatial models were also built separately for the Western and Eastern parts of Russia. Based on the results of the study, we can conclude that for a number of GRP figures, the choice of spatial matrix significantly affects the ratio estimates and errors of in-sample forecasts. The way in which these matrices are considered in the model is of secondary importance. For regional inflation, on the contrary, the model type is more important, and most matrices give nearly identical results in each model.
Abstract
The article is devoted to modeling the spatial dependence between macroeconomic indicators of Russian regions, using spatial weight matrices. The authors perform a comparative [...]
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INVESTMENT RISKS MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE INVESTORS IN THE RUSSIAN STOCK MARKET
A. Abramov, A. Radygin, M. Chernova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 72

Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop a system of measures to increase investment activity and limit the risks of the private investors in the stock market. The object of research is the behavior of private investors in the formation of their individual portfolios. The research method includes analysis of Bloomberg’s historical data series on the return and risk of financial instruments, various methods for quantifying the investor's risk profile. The work features a comparative analysis of various approaches to assessing the individual risk profile of private investors based on analyzing the international experience. The current financial market regulation system is improving slowly and in many ways lags behind the changes in the stock market. The legal prerequisites for the accumulation of long-term savings by the population have not yet been created, the measures proposed by the regulator to limit investments and reduce risk exposure for certain categories of citizens cause serious debate in society. The relevance of the study is explained by a lack of theoretical and empirical studies of the specifics of individual investments in the domestic stock market, the behavior of private investors and the possibilities of risk management in asset allocation. The novelty of the study lies in adapting the best risk profiling practices for Russian private investors, identifying recommendations on asset allocation across all available time horizons, and demonstrating the benefits of diversification not only in the domestic but also in the global market. The main result of the work is the development of methodological approaches necessary to ensure that the generated individual portfolios of private investors match their risk profile. In addition, the main results of the work include the identified advantages of the portfolio approach, in terms of both reducing risks and increasing returns. A risk map of instruments available to a private investor has been compiled. We identified the basic rules and patterns for investing in the Russian market in the long term. The main conclusion of the work is that it is extremely important for the Russian investor to use both factor-based and widely diversified portfolios, as well as global diversification regardless of the risk profile and horizon. In the future, the development of our work aimed at studying private investment in various countries will contribute to the development of the institution of private investment in Russia.
Abstract
The goal of this study is to develop a system of measures to increase investment activity and limit the risks of the private investors in the stock market. The object of research [...]
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION OF THE POST-SOVIET VILLAGE: SOCIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE FACTORS OF RURAL TRANSFORMATION
A. Nikulin

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 73

Abstract
The social and economic differentiation in the countryside is a classic issue of agrarian sociology; however, in the post-Soviet period it was considered not only by rural sociologists, but also by agrarian economists and geographers. The object of the research is dual in nature: on the one hand, it is a number of rural regions in which the processes of social and economic differentiation were studied; on the other hand, it is a number of rural communities and rural households which undergo such processes in varying degrees. The study aims at identification of the main types of social-economic differentiation in the countryside and at describing its dynamics in different social groups of the Russian countryside. To achieve this goal, the authors consider social transformation processes in the main rural strata of the post-Soviet period, compare processes of social and economic differentiation in rural areas in various countries, and take into account gender and generational characteristics of different forms of rural differentiation
Abstract
The social and economic differentiation in the countryside is a classic issue of agrarian sociology; however, in the post-Soviet period it was considered not only by rural [...]
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MODELING AND FORECASTING OF THE WHOLESALE MARKET INDICATORS OF ELECTRIC POWER IN RUSSIA USING COMBINATION METHODS DATA OF DIFFERENT FREQUENCY
A. Kaukin, K. Kas'yanova, V. Kosarev, Y. Miller

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 74

Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop new methods for forecasting time series with data of different frequencies among exogenous factors; forecasting the indicators of the wholesale electricity market in Russia using methods of combining data of different frequencies, including those based on algorithms of convolutional neural networks. The structure of the work is presented in four sections. The first section analyzes methods for forecasting time series with combining data of different frequencies. The second section presents the architecture of a convolutional network that allows the use of data of different frequencies. The third section presents a price model for the wholesale electricity market using data from the Atlas of Russian Energy. The fourth section presents recommendations and main conclusions of the work.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop new methods for forecasting time series with data of different frequencies among exogenous factors; forecasting the indicators of the wholesale [...]
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Updating of Input-Output tables in Russia by machine learning methods
V. Potashnikov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 75

Abstract
Input-output tables are the basis for many types of analysis of the real sector, which are necessary to build a well-thought-out long-term and short-term policy. Evaluation of input-output tables is an expensive and time-consuming procedure. At the same time, national statistical agencies publish additional forecast information, which makes it possible to extend the input-output tables, for example, output and intermediate consumption by sector. The main methods of extending the RAS tables (or its modification GRAS) and Cross Entropy, use data on intermediate demand, the calculation of which requires additional time-consuming work. The use of information only for the previous period and the current period is the main disadvantage of this method. In recent decades, machine learning methods have been gaining popularity, the main advantage of which is finding relationships that can be hard to identify, for example, due to the large dimension of the task or the lack of evidence of cause-and-effect relationships. These methods have proven themselves well in all kinds of image recognition tasks, voice-to-text conversion, and so on. Currently, attempts are being made to apply machine learning methods to economic problems. The application of machine learning methods to the task of updating inputoutput tables carries a scientific novelty. The purpose of the study is to extend the input-output tables by machine learning methods. The method of extending the input-output tables using convolutional neural networks is the result of the work, as well as the forecast of the coefficients of the direct cost matrix for Russia. Conclusion: the use of input-output tables can improve the quality of forecasts of input-output tables. Recommendations: it is necessary to continue the research in this direction
Abstract
Input-output tables are the basis for many types of analysis of the real sector, which are necessary to build a well-thought-out long-term and short-term policy. Evaluation [...]
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ASSESSMENT AND PREDICTION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF RUSSIAN FIRMS EXIT TO EXPORT MARKETS WITH SELECTION EFFECTS INCLUDED
A. Knobel'

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 76

Abstract
A prerequisite for sustainable economic growth Russian economy is to increase the efficiency of enterprises. One of factors that can lead to this is the expansion of Russia's involvement in international trade. The most obvious are the consequences of the effects, related to the growth in the number of more efficient exporting companies as a result of increased international specialization. Enterprises with a positive export status, as a rule, are larger, therefore, with an increase in the level of involvement countries in international trade, production resources flow towards more productive exporting companies, which leads to an increase in the overall level economic efficiency. At the same time, under the hypothesis of learning through exports, the entry of new companies into export markets will lead to an increase in their efficiency, and hence the growth of the efficiency of the Russian economy as a whole. Thus, economic growth can be associated with three regularities: firstly, the number of exporting firms increases, and secondly, at the beginning of the export activities, according to the assumption of learning through export activity, firms that have entered the foreign market become more efficient, thirdly, exporting enterprises are becoming larger, which leads to the spillover of factors production to more efficient firms with a positive export status. This paper explores the hypothesis of learning through exports. A task is complicated by the fact that direct measurement leads to system errors. Exit to foreign markets is associated with overcoming barriers, which leads to additional costs for businesses. Benefit from this kind of activity can only firms are initially more productive, which corresponds to the selection effect. It turns out that in a simple comparison of firms with different export status, exporters will be more efficient, but it will be impossible to say what share of the effect of learning through export in this difference.
Abstract
A prerequisite for sustainable economic growth Russian economy is to increase the efficiency of enterprises. One of factors that can lead to this is the expansion of Russia's [...]
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Main Approaches to the Use of Time-Varying Parameter Models in Macroeconomic Modeling
M. Kazakova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 55

Abstract
Time-varying parameter models have been widely spread in macroeconomic studies carried out over the past 20 years. Following the seminal papers in this field, various authors began to apply such models to analyze the time-varying behavior of such macroeconomic parameters as volatility, long-term economic growth, trend inflation, the persistence of inflation and oil prices, as well as the dependence of the main macroeconomic variables on oil prices. This review provides a methodological basis for using time-varying parameter models as one of the underlying tools of macroeconomic modeling and forecasting, as such models allow taking into account temporary changes in the relationships between different variables.
Abstract
Time-varying parameter models have been widely spread in macroeconomic studies carried out over the past 20 years. Following the seminal papers in this field, various authors [...]
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Financial Sector Efficiency as a Factor maximizing long-term economic growth rates
D. YU.A, P. D.A., D. I.S

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 56

Abstract
The paper analyzes various concepts of financial sector efficiency, and, based on this analysis, the authors established financial sector indicators that are the most appropriate for empirical research and for the establishment of key performance indicators for financial regulators. The authors develop a set of performance indicators, based on which they analyze changes in various aspects of efficiency of the Russian financial sector, including its usefulness for the investment recipients and for households, as the main suppliers of investment resources. Based on the Russian data, empirical studies of the impact of efficiency on economic growth have been conducted. Proposals for the construction of a set of key performance indicators that evaluate the performance of social and economic functions by the financial sector, its participation in the achievement of strategic national objectives and the level of financial development are formulated.
Abstract
The paper analyzes various concepts of financial sector efficiency, and, based on this analysis, the authors established financial sector indicators that are the most appropriate [...]
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USING GOOGLE TRENDS FOR PREDICTIONS: REVIEW AND APPLICATIONS FOR RETAIL SALES FORECASTING
A. Zubarev, Y. Golovanova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 57

Abstract
Due to the growing popularity of the Internet, many purchases are made in online stores. The Google Trends service collects data based on user requests and breaks them down into categories. In this paper, we review the existing forecasting methods using this service, and make an attempt to predict the dynamics of retail sales using macroeconomic variables and categories in Google Trends corresponding to various commodity groups of food and non-food products. For each type of retail, we build the best predictive models from macroeconomic variables and try to improve them by adding trends.
Abstract
Due to the growing popularity of the Internet, many purchases are made in online stores. The Google Trends service collects data based on user requests and breaks them down [...]
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REFORM OF SCHOOL EDUCATION OF THE PREREVOLUTIONARY (1917) PERIOD: LANGUAGES OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA
A. O.I, K. M.N, A. S.P, B. T.N., H. P.M, S. A.D

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 58

Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by an examination of the processes of reforming the education system in the Russian Empire between 1726 and 1917, which was carried out with the aim of modernizing the society and overcoming universal illiteracy. It is the degree of development of the education system that ensures the level of literacy, education of the population, forms certain personality qualities, which contributes to the state’s economic development and social growth. In this context, issues related to organizing education for the peoples of the Russian Empire, which was implemented within the framework of the doctrine of State integrity of a multinational State, deserve special attention in a multi-ethnic state, historically formed not by migrants but by local residents. Only Russia has such experience, and it needs to be studied. Subject of study. Reform of the education system from 1726 to 1917. The purpose of the study. Study of the experience of the Russian Empire in organizing educational activities aimed at forming interethnic harmony, preserving the integrity of a multinational state. Research tasks. Identification and description of periods of educational reform in the Russian Empire. Research methods. In solving specific research problems, comparative historical, biographical, synchronous, and diachronic methods were used. Sources of information. The implementation of the research tasks required a comprehensive identification of both archival and published sources: in the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), in the State Archive of the Russian Federation (GARF). In the Russian State Library (RGB), the authors reviewed the holdings of the Ministry of Education and its Departments, verbatim reports of the State Duma, personal funds of the Ministers of Education (V.G. Glazov, Peter M. von Kaufmann, I.I. Tolstoy, A.N. Schwartz). In the scientific archive of the Russian Academy of Education (RAO), documents were revealed in the collection of historical documents and the legacy of prominent teachers, public figures V.P. Vakhterov, N.V. Chekhov and others. Results of the study. The materials revealed and described are introduced into scientific circulation in a systematic way for the first time. They help restore the stages of formation 6 of the education system in the Russian Empire and the results of its reform. The systematization of these diverse sources, complementing and clarifying each other, made it possible to restore a fairly solid picture of the formation of public education in the Russian Empire. The sources described contain valuable material for studying the development of education in the pre-revolutionary period, reveal the experience of the state in the formation of interethnic harmony, preserving the integrity of a multinational state. Findings of the study. The need to improve the literacy and education of the population of the state determines the economic, political, socio-cultural development of a multinational society. The effectiveness of modernization is more dependent on, and determined by, reforms in education, in the formation of a certain type of personality, which must be considered in a historical context. The study was conducted in 2021 by the employees of the Research Center for National Education Problems of the RANEPA Federal Institute for the Development of Education (FIRO).
Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by an examination of the processes of reforming the education system in the Russian Empire between 1726 and 1917, which was carried [...]
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DIRECTIONS AND FACTORS OF THE PLANNED EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN 9 AND 11 GRADES: RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
L. D.M., S. E.A, T. G.S., Y. I.A

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 59

Abstract
The uneven territorial and population development of the educational infrastructure and the labor market, the differentiation of educational aspirations and resource capabilities of different social groups, the possibility of enrolment to educational organizations in different regions of Russia based on the examination results explain the relevance of researching the scale, motives, directions and restrictions of educational migration of the Russian school graduates. It is important to find out what groups of modern youth and their families develop the attitudes towards educational migration, what resources are required to implement these attitudes, which directions of actual and potential educational migration in the context of regions and types of settlements there are. Revealing stable routes of educational migration of the Russian youth is an urgent research problem. The main goal of this work is to determine the directions and factors of the planned educational migration of the 9th and 11th grade schoolchildren for receiving secondary vocational and higher education, on the basis of sociological data. The objectives of the study are, in particular, to identify the grounds for demand by households with schoolchildren in graduation grades to receive secondary vocational and higher education outside the settlement or region of current residence; identification of the motives for obtaining education outside the settlement or region of current residence; analysis of the educational trajectories of schoolchildren in graduation grades involving educational migration. The methodology of sociological research involves the use of a combined quantitative and qualitative toolkit, carried out using specially developed field documents. The main findings of the study are as follows: it was discovered that the parents are divided into two groups of comparable size – those inclined towards educational migration (56%) and those planning to receive vocational education in the settlement of residence; the composition of these groups varied significantly depending on the settlement types and educational aspirations; to a large extent, when planning to receive secondary vocational education and higher education, the younger generation repeats the educational trajectory of their parents, reproducing the family status. The research results can be used in the interests of public education authorities to assess the consequences of educational migration for the socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation.
Abstract
The uneven territorial and population development of the educational infrastructure and the labor market, the differentiation of educational aspirations and resource capabilities [...]
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FIXING OR PERSPECTIVE MODELING SOCIAL RITUAL? CONSTRUCTING A NEW ETHICS IN HOMING BY JOHN TOWLER
R. Yurievich

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 60

Abstract
This work consists of two chapters and focuses on the formation of a new bourgeois ethics within the framework of the medieval mentality. This process is considered on the material of German folk preachers of the first half of the 14th century. The personalities of the preachers (16 names in total) are studied in Chapter 1; Chapter 2 contains an analysis of their doctrine, taken in its integral form. This teaching is based on Neoplatonist emanationism, according to which God is present in man as his image, a “spark”, a “synteresis”. God reveals himself in man's actions and in all his outward manifestations, so that man is basically an instrument through which God's actions are carried out. This is the “auto-determination” of man, where he is not grounded in church rituals and affiliation to particular social institutions, but in the objective dynamics unfolding in him. The paper concludes with an attempt at a new reading of Max Weber's study “Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism”
Abstract
This work consists of two chapters and focuses on the formation of a new bourgeois ethics within the framework of the medieval mentality. This process is considered on the [...]
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THE CONCEPT OF FREEDOM IN LIBERAL AND CONSERVATIVE POLITICAL THOUGHT AT THE TURN OF THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIES.
B. I, V. G, Y. A, Z. A, Y. G

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 61

Abstract
The subject of our research is the evolution of the concept of "freedom" in liberal political thought at the end of the 19th century – first half of the 20th century, as well as its influence on further academic discussions of "freedom" as a concept. Our main sources, therefore, are the texts by liberal, conservative as well as left-wing theorists of the period in question (Isaiah Berlin, Carl Schmitt, Edmund Burke, Max Weber, Joseph Schumpeter, Walter Benjamin) and their interconnections with the subsequent development of the liberal tradition (Jurgen Habermas, Hannah Arendt) as well as its critics (Giorgio Agamben, Judith Butler). The aim of the project was to confirm our basic hypothesis that the key transformation of the concept of "freedom" in political and social thought takes place at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries – this was the moment when liberal doctrines took shape, in which collective freedom gave way to individual freedom. Thus, our project had three objectives: 1) to trace the transformation of the notion of freedom in the liberal tradition of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, 2) to identify lines of criticism of individual freedom in conservative and leftist thought of the early twentieth century, 3) to analyze the current crisis of liberalism related to the non-democratic basis of actual political representation and to show how the notion of freedom formed in early twentieth century liberal theory has affected the institutions of modern liberal democracy. The relevance of the research is determined by the deepening crisis of liberalism in our days and the pursuit of programmatic alternatives to liberal democratic institutions. Through an analysis based primarily on the "history of concepts" method, we have described the contradictions in liberal thought associated with the form of the democratic process and its elitist content. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the fact that, for the first time in domestic political theory, an attempt was made to examine the key category of "freedom" in the liberal tradition in a broad historical and theoretical context, which made it possible to identify its contemporary understanding. We conclude that this anti-democratic and antiegalitarian element of the liberal tradition has common origins with the conservative critique of democracy of the early to mid-20th century. Since the Russian Federation's policy documents (in particular, the National Security Strategy) pay considerable attention to rethinking the relationship between individual freedoms and securing the collective freedom of the Russian people in the face of external challenges, the practical recommendation of the study is to further develop an original historical and theoretical concept of freedom that meets the contemporary conditions of our country.
Abstract
The subject of our research is the evolution of the concept of "freedom" in liberal political thought at the end of the 19th century – first half of the 20th [...]
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ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (INCLUDING EPIDEMICS COVID-19) TO ACHIEVE THE NATIONAL GOAL OF INCREASING LIFE EXPECTANCY IN RUSSIA
Y. Papanova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 62
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Mortality rate of the Russian population in 2020-2021
K. P.О., S. Е.А, K. R.R.

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 63

Abstract
In 2020-2021, the new coronavirus pandemic significantly changed the global demographic situation. Most countries of the world faced a significant increase in mortality. The spread of COVID-19 presented the greatest challenge in recent history for the health systems, as well as the social sphere and the economy of most states and has influenced the increase in the mortality in 2020-2021 in almost every country. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of population mortality in 2020-2021 (January-August) and the impact of coronavirus infection on mortality and life expectancy of the Russian population. Assessing the impact of COVID-19 by directly counting the number of deaths due to coronavirus infection has its limitations: the increase in the total number of deaths significantly exceeds the official mortality from coronavirus infection. In this regard, when determining mortality from coronavirus, indicators of excess mortality and changes in life expectancy are used. Excess mortality is one of the main indicators characterizing the direct and indirect impact of the spread of COVID-19 on the population mortality and the effectiveness of different countries’ efforts to mitigate the consequences of COVID-19 pandemic. The paper analyzes the operational information on the population mortality for 8 months of 2021 and detailed data for 2020 as a whole. The authors note that the decrease in life expectancy in 2020 is associated with an increase in mortality from COVID-19, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, external and other causes in middle and older age groups.
Abstract
In 2020-2021, the new coronavirus pandemic significantly changed the global demographic situation. Most countries of the world faced a significant increase in mortality. The [...]
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Uncertainty analysis in integrated assessment models of the economics of climate change: a literature survey
A. Shumilov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 64

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of studies on numerical analysis of various kinds of uncertainties in integrated models climate and economy. Applications of uncertainty analysis techniques are considered as for deterministic models (Monte Carlo experiments, sensitivity analysis), and for stochastic models of climate and economy (stochastic dynamic programming).
Abstract
This paper presents an overview of studies on numerical analysis of various kinds of uncertainties in integrated models climate and economy. Applications of uncertainty [...]
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Developing the Approach to Spatial Analysis of the Distribution of Air Passenger Traffic in Russia
B. K.A, P. Y.Y, R. D.M, S. D.R

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 65

Abstract
Air transport accounts for the largest share of passenger turnover compared to other modes of transport, which makes it of particular importance in Russia. The strategic goals to develop the regional airport network, which are fixed by Presidential Decrees No.204 of 2018 and No.474 of 2020, as well as the recent external shock – the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, which resulted in an 85% decrease of domestic air traffic – explain the relevance of studying the factors which affect the development of regional markets for air passenger traffic. The aim of the study is to analyze the determinants of the spatial distribution of air passenger flows in Russia. This research applies a number of scientific methods, such as synthesis, analysis, induction, deduction, etc. It also entails the analysis of relevant literature and open statistical sources, and applies spatial econometrics models to take into account the geographical distribution of air passenger flows. The results of the study are conclusions about the impact of regional socioeconomic characteristics as well as spatial interdependence on the volume of air passenger traffic. The model estimates indicate that the actual distribution of regional air traffic is subject to a gravity mechanism. What is more, the spatial heterogeneity of the passenger traffic distribution has been confirmed. One of the major characteristics of the current network configuration in Russia is the pronounced star-shaped structure of air traffic: in 2009-2018 up to 95% of the total passenger traffic from the Russian regions passed through the Moscow hub, whereas the regional opportunities to generate passenger flows bypassing Moscow were limited. According to the scenario analysis, which was carried out to estimate the potential effects resulting from stimulation of air passenger traffic, the strongest effect on the air traffic is provided by stable regional economic growth. This effect becomes even more pronounced if the measure is combined with the support of air carriers through reduction of flight service costs and stimulation of consumers’ demand through subsidies. Further research is aimed at a more detailed scenario analysis of possible effects resulting from the optimization of the regional airport network in Russia.
Abstract
Air transport accounts for the largest share of passenger turnover compared to other modes of transport, which makes it of particular importance in Russia. The strategic goals [...]
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«RESEARCH OF APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF UNIFIED OF INTERREGIONAL TARIFFS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNIFIED OF THE STATE TARIFF POLICY IN THE POWER INDUSTRY»
O. Mozgovaya, O. Temnaya, V. Kuznetsov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 66

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the study "Research of approaches to the consolidated interregional tariff formations implemented as part of the common state pricing policy in electricity industry”. The authors study the regional differentiation of electricity grid tariffs in Russia and reveal the principles of the consolidated interregional tariff formation. According to the results of the research, the electricity price differentiation factors occurring at the different pricing levels have been revealed. For non-household customers, the main factor of electricity price differentiation is the electricity network transmission tariff differentiation, which accounts for a high percentage of the electricity price structure. The regional differentiation between max and min electricity network tariffs could be as high as 400 to 800%. Practical recommendations for abandoning the electricity price differentiation as part of the implementation of the consolidated interregional tariff formation have been established.
Abstract
This paper presents the results of the study "Research of approaches to the consolidated interregional tariff formations implemented as part of the common state pricing [...]
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Updating of Input-Output tables in Russia by machine learning methods
V. Potashnikov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 67

Abstract
Relevance: Input-output tables are the basis for many types of analysis of the real sector, which are necessary to build a well-thought-out long-term and short-term policy. Evaluation of input-output tables is an expensive and time-consuming procedure. At the same time, national statistical agencies publish additional forecast information, which makes it possible to extend the input-output tables, for example, output and intermediate consumption by sector. The main methods of extending the RAS tables (or its modification GRAS) and Cross Entropy, use data on intermediate demand, the calculation of which requires additional time-consuming work. The use of information only for the previous period and the current period is the main disadvantage of this method. In recent decades, machine learning methods have been gaining popularity, the main advantage of which is finding relationships that can be hard to identify, for example, due to the large dimension of the task or the lack of evidence of cause-and-effect relationships. These methods have proven themselves well in all kinds of image recognition tasks, voice-to-text conversion, and so on. Currently, attempts are being made to apply machine learning methods to economic problems. The application of machine learning methods to the task of updating inputoutput tables carries a scientific novelty. The purpose of the study is to extend the input-output tables by machine learning methods. The method of extending the input-output tables using convolutional neural networks is the result of the work, as well as the forecast of the coefficients of the direct cost matrix for Russia. Conclusion: the use of input-output tables can improve the quality of forecasts of input-output tables. Recommendations: it is necessary to continue the research in this direction.
Abstract
Relevance: Input-output tables are the basis for many types of analysis of the real sector, which are necessary to build a well-thought-out long-term and short-term policy. [...]
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FARMING IN RUSSIA: SOCIO-ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION
A. Nikulin

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 68

Abstract
The study aims at systematization of the trends in the differentiation and integration of social-economic practices typical for Russian farmers. The authors identify prospects and limitations of such processes including based on the results of the empirical studies conducted in key agricultural regions of the Russian Federation. The research data collected during the field case studies allow identifying the main social-economic strata of farms, describing the types of their economic practices, and analyzing alternative directions of their social and regional differentiation and integration.
Abstract
The study aims at systematization of the trends in the differentiation and integration of social-economic practices typical for Russian farmers. The authors identify prospects [...]
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MIGRANTS FROM NEAR AND FAR ABROAD COUNTRIES IN RURAL RUSSIA: TYPES OF EMPLOYMENT AND THE INFORMAL ECONOMY
A. Nikulin

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 69

Abstract
The article aims at identifying the main employment types of foreign migrants in the Russian countryside. The authors describe different employment types of migrants in the Russian agriculture and in a number of foreign countries; they also conducted a quantitative and qualitative study of the Russian agricultural sector potential for attracting foreign labor migrants, identified the regional features of labor migration to rural areas, including in the historical perspective; analyzed the types of informal economic and social relations of migrant workers with local rural communities.
Abstract
The article aims at identifying the main employment types of foreign migrants in the Russian countryside. The authors describe different employment types of migrants in the [...]
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MODELLING SCENARIOS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LIVESTOCK SECTOR
S. S, P. Yu

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 21

Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by the need to analyze the consequences of the concentration of livestock farms, not only from an economic point of view, but also from an environmental one. The objective of the research is to develop ways for sustainable development of animal husbandry in Russia, taking into account the possibilities of continuous growth in production and export of meat and milk, balanced by current environmental problems (growth of farm waste) and the possibilities of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The subject of the research is the environmental indicators characterizing the externalities arising from the production of livestock products (meat, milk, eggs). The work uses traditional scientific methods - descriptive, analytical, statistical and methods of economic and mathematical modeling. The sources of information were Russian and foreign scientific publications, official publications of regulatory documents and statistical data of state authorities of Russia, as well as foreign databases on agricultural statistics. The reported results conclude that the concentration of livestock production facilities leads to different environmental consequences. Among the leading regions specializing in livestock products, the highest concentration is in the Central Black Earth Region: the Belgorod and Kursk regions account for almost 30% of all agricultural waste in Russia. The greenhouse gas emissions were estimated using the GLOBIOM partial equilibrium model. The calculation results showed that Belgorod region has one of the lowest carbon footprint indicators in livestock production: 8 tons of СО2 equiv. per one ton of protein, which is associated with the lowcarbon development of poultry farming. In other regions, which specialize in dairy and beef cattle breeding, the carbon footprint is at least twice as high, for example, in the Krasnodarsky krai; however, the indicators of waste output per unit of production, on the contrary, are lower there. Thus, the scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of scientific and analytical tools for the correct identification of local, regional and global environmental risks when assessing the efficiency of meat, milk and eggs production. So, in our study, local risks were assessed through the concentration of manure (nitrogen) elements per unit of agricultural land and cultivated area at the level of municipalities. Regional risks were assessed through the indicator of waste from agricultural products. And global risks were assessed through an indicator of greenhouse gas emissions, which also allowed us to estimate the so-called cumulative carbon footprint of each region per unit of animal protein produced. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed to improve statistical reporting on production waste in the agricultural sector; to differentially collect and publish data on various types of feeding of farm animals in different categories of farms, which will subsequently help to better calculate animal diets and their potential waste and greenhouse gas emissions, in order to identify the most "wasteful” and “sustainable” animal husbandry practices.
Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by the need to analyze the consequences of the concentration of livestock farms, not only from an economic point of view, but also [...]
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FEATURES OF SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT IN RURAL AREAS
G. E.A, P. А.А, T. D.S, S. Е.А

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 22

Abstract
One of the priorities of state policy is small business and the development of rural areas. It is obvious that rural small business (SB) is an important aspect of the development of rural areas. However, it has been little studied, which justifies the relevance of the study. The purpose of the work is to analyze the state of rural small business, to identify the peculiarities of its support. The objectives of the study include an analysis of methodological issues of identification and support of small businesses in rural areas, the formation of a database based on a review of information sources, analysis of the current state of, and support measures for, small businesses in rural areas based on the generated data sets. A separate task of the study is to identify the status quo and peculiarities of support for rural small businesses in the context of COVID-19. The work was carried out at the Center for AgriFood Policy of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in 2021. The main sources of information were data from the Unified Register of Small and Medium-sized Businesses and the Unified Register of Small and Medium-sized Businesses receiving support. The two registers are maintained by the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation. Comparative, computational-constructive, statistical methods were used. As a result, for the first time, an assessment of the current state of rural small business in Russia was obtained in regional and sectoral cross-sections in terms of the number and density of businesses; in comparison with the urban areas, which is also the novelty of this work. The regions with the highest concentration of rural small business, as well as regions where it develops less successfully, are highlighted. It is shown that the main volume of support for rural SBs falls on agriculture, although the main sphere of rural SBs is trade, transport, and only then agriculture. The results can be used to improve regional and federal policy in the field of rural development. Further research can develop in terms of further monitoring of rural small business, expanding the analysis of the characteristics of rural small businesses, now available through a limited range of indicators, identifying factors affecting the development of rural small businesses.
Abstract
One of the priorities of state policy is small business and the development of rural areas. It is obvious that rural small business (SB) is an important aspect of the development [...]
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IMPROVING THE SYSTEM FOREIGN TRADE REGULATION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN RUSSIA IN CONDITIONS OF SHOCKS TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
N. Svetlov, D. Ternovsky, V. Uzun, N. Shagaida, E. Shishkina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 23

Abstract
The study proves the effectiveness of the tools used to regulate the export of wheat, sunflower seeds and sunflower oil that restrict the transfer of global prices to the domestic market, but it also evaluates the negative effects of their use and formulates proposals for their improvement. In justifying the use of floating duty mechanisms on grain exports and grain dampener, the authors also assess their positive effect on the level of consumer prices for foodstuffs made with grain. To prevent the negative effects of export restrictions, the use of a regularly updated base export price value is recommended when calculating the floating export duty on grain. The influence of tariff disparity on the restrictions on the export of sunflower seeds is substantiated, and it is shown that the use of export restrictions at a higher level of 3 competition in the domestic market does not reduce the effect of the agricultural producers’ income growth associated with an increase in the global sunflower oil prices, with a neutral effect on the position of the processing industry. It is shown that the introduction of a floating export duty on sunflower oil in September 2021 is equivalent in its effect on the consumer market to the effect of voluntary retail price capping agreements in 2020-2021.
Abstract
The study proves the effectiveness of the tools used to regulate the export of wheat, sunflower seeds and sunflower oil that restrict the transfer of global prices to the [...]
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Development of an approach to the analysis of the impact of changes in the transport network on the interregional distribution of cargo flows in Russia
. K. V. Rostislav, . YU. YU. Ponomarev

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 24

Abstract
The transportation system is less variable than settlement patterns or the allocation of economic activity. This necessitates checking the optimality of spending on the development of transportation networks. Previous work in this area proposed criteria for the optimal development of transport networks for a single mode of transportation. The study demonstrates how, with the help of carrying capacity, a multilayer network can be “collapsed” to a representation convenient for working with the usual tools of spatial general equilibrium models. The possibilities of the new approach have been tested on the example of the Kaliningrad oblast. It was found that the distribution of the carrying capacity between the urban districts of the Kaliningrad region is not optimal: the carrying capacity of the roads in the latitudinal direction is insufficient. It follows from the model that new investments in road construction should bring the carrying capacity of roads between municipalities closer to such levels that the ratios of carrying capacity between pairs of adjacent territories correspond to those in the model with a zero lower limit of the optimal carrying capacity value.
Abstract
The transportation system is less variable than settlement patterns or the allocation of economic activity. This necessitates checking the optimality of spending on the development [...]
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« Benefits and risks for Russian industries and individual enterprises from the implementation of trade and economic agreements of the CIS countries»
A. Knobel, Y. Zaytsev, K. Bagdasaryan, M. Baeva, N. Volovik, V. Sedalishchev, M. Kazaryan, D. Kuznetsov, D. Mirakyan, N. Toropov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 25

Abstract
The CIS countries, or more broadly the former republics of the USSR, are effectively making a choice between European (EU) and Eurasian (EAEU) integration, which leads to certain benefits and risks for all CIS+ countries (including Ukraine and Georgia), especially for Russia. The cases of Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova are of primary interest. Termination of trade and economic cooperation, disruption of value chains, etc. entail a serious threat to industrial development for Russian industries and individual enterprises. Crisis phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, only exacerbate these trends. Great Britain’s departure from the EU (Brexit) at the end of January 2020 is also of research interest. The topics of the post-Soviet countries and their trade and economic cooperation with different countries have been studied by various authors since the collapse of the USSR. In the past ten years, there has been an increase in the activity of studying these problems, in connection with the development of the European Neighborhood Policy on the one hand and Eurasian integration on the other. Research by foreign and domestic authors can be distinguished into the following groups:
Abstract
The CIS countries, or more broadly the former republics of the USSR, are effectively making a choice between European (EU) and Eurasian (EAEU) integration, which leads to [...]
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“G20 Members’ Approaches to Regulating Digital Markets”
A. Shelepov, O. Kolmar

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 26

Abstract
The object of this working paper is the policy and priorities of the digital economy leaders (the G20 members) in regulating digital platforms. The goal of the study is to assess the impact of these countries’ policies in the field of digital platforms regulation and to develop recommendations regarding Russia’s policy on digital platforms and its participation in developing new global regulatory approaches. In order to achieve this goal, the working paper addresses the following objectives: to clarify the criteria and select the leading countries from among the G20 members on the basis of expert assessments and data from international ratings; to carry out the analysis of policies and priorities of the selected digital leaders (UK, USA, Canada, EU, Japan, Korea, India, China) as well as Russia in regulating digital platforms; to develop recommendations regarding Russia’s policy on digital platforms regulation at the national level, as well as promoting its approach within the G20 and other multilateral institutions. The study is highly relevant since the leading developed countries increase their regulatory potential, including through the consistent inclusion of their standards and cooperation norms they have developed in the documents adopted by multilateral organizations, and thus create a global market for their goods and services, and additional opportunities for their companies. The study shows that a strong potential exists for a positive effect in terms of a coordinated approach to regulating digital platforms’ activities at the international level. In this context, it is important for Russia to integrate the issues of digital platforms regulation into the BRICS and G20 digital economy agendas.
Abstract
The object of this working paper is the policy and priorities of the digital economy leaders (the G20 members) in regulating digital platforms. The goal of the study is to [...]
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Система стратегического планирования: глобальные тенденции, внешние шоки и разработка подходов адаптации к ним
K. V.M, A. V.V, V. A.A

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 27

Abstract
An effective modern strategic planning system should be based on two basic concepts: resilience (resistance or stability against any shocks) and long-term sustainability (with special emphasis on long-term). It is the ability to adapt to modern realities that determines the relevance and effectiveness of the implementation of strategic planning documents. According to various estimates, a full frontal national strategy can “fade” completely within 4–5 years. For a regional or sectoral strategy, according to our estimates, this happens in 2-3 years, for urban - in one. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the factors contributing to the “fading” (forgetting) of strategic documents, and to identify the main approaches, which can be implemented to extend their relevance. The study is dedicated to the analysis of the applicability of existing economic concepts to ensure the solution of the modern problem of socio-economic development: improving the quality of life, ensuring the stability and viability (resilience) of the economic system without increasing economic growth and investment activity (like GDP growth and increase in investments raised) as well as to putting forward recommendations for updating methodological approaches to the development of strategic documents with the aim of creating an adaptive and up-to-date strategic planning system. It was revealed that the strategic planning documents being developed in Russia are static and not capable of responding to changes in the socio-economic, political, cultural situation, while the country’s socio-economic development strategy should be a response tool of state authorities to external challenges, a flexible tool that allows reconfiguring the public administration system to respond to these challenges. It was found that there are two groups of factors responsible for the “fading” of strategic documents: direct - arising from the end of the official validity period of the strategies or due to their cancellation by the authority responsible for the development and implementation of these documents, and indirect – arising from socio-economic transformations taking place in the field of strategic planning and influencing the achievement of the respective documents. According to the results of the analysis of the news background of 10 strategies at regional and municipal level, it was revealed that the “fading period” differs both between regions and municipalities, and between individual cities and regions, depending on the local institutional environment, activity level of the civil society, attitude to the strategy (“formal implementation of the rules” against an effectively working document), etc. Changes were also proposed to Law 172-FZ regarding revision of the existing principles of goal-setting, as well as special testing procedures to ensure the resilience and stainability of the documents.
Abstract
An effective modern strategic planning system should be based on two basic concepts: resilience (resistance or stability against any shocks) and long-term sustainability (with [...]
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“General Approaches to the Modernization of Economic and Social relations in the North Caucasus: institutional alternatives"
K. Kazenin, I. Starodubrovskaya

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 28

Abstract
This paper examines the main theoretical approaches to the issue of economic catch-up. The preprint formulates the two key types of economic modernization policy – “top-down modernization” and “bottom-up modernization”. The idea of “top-down modernization” is to create new industrial enterprises in a struggling region at the expense of the state budget or large third-party investors. In turn, “bottom-up modernization” implies relying on existing resources in communities, supporting local firms already in operation, and implementing measures aimed at increasing the competitiveness of all existing firms in the community or region. The analysis of practical application of these strategies shows that most attempts at “top-down modernization” have not been too successful so far – despite achieving some acceleration of economic growth in the short run, they eventually failed to reduce the economic lag due to insurmountable management problems and creating wrong business stimuli. At the same time, the “bottom-up modernization” strategy has proven more successful, as shown by the example of Southern Europe and East Asia, albeit with reservations – to achieve accelerated economic growth, it is necessary that the region should already have the prerequisites for development (from the availability of human capital to the people’s willingness to trust each other)
Abstract
This paper examines the main theoretical approaches to the issue of economic catch-up. The preprint formulates the two key types of economic modernization policy – “top-down [...]
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Supporting employment through entrepreneurship: what international practices are appropriate for Russia
B. V.A, D. K.V, Z. S.P, T. Y.V

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 29

Abstract
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ more than 50% of the population of developed countries, so their support is one of the significant measures in maintaining employment. The relevance of this direction has grown since the crisis of 2020, which caused significant damage to the SME sector. The aim of the work was systematization and generalization of the developed countries’ experience in SME support in crisis and non-crisis periods, identification of support tools needed in Russia. The tasks of the study included analyzing both the experience of the development of employment support policies and tools for supporting and developing entrepreneurship using various crises as an example. The research was carried out using general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, comparisons, generalizations, etc.). The authors reviewed the literature and open sources relevant for 2021, including reports by international organizations, regulatory legal acts. The results of the research are conclusions about the foreign experience of employment support and the possibility of its application in Russia. The main direction of the employment support policy in non-crisis periods abroad is to create motivation for medium- and long-term unemployed to look for work, to attract vulnerable social groups to work; acceleration programs are used to support SMEs by reducing administrative pressure and increasing regulatory transparency. During the current crisis, the government support for business abroad intensified in two directions: supporting the liquidity of companies and facilitating the maximum transfer of activities to a remote, digital mode. Over the past decade, Russia has actively advanced in non-crisis support for SMEs, but in the current crisis, it needs to expand the areas of preferential lending or cofinancing, and step up assistance to digitalize the activities of SMEs. The main direction of further research is to analyze the use of said foreign instruments in Russia, compare their effectiveness and adjust them taking into consideration Russian specifics.
Abstract
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ more than 50% of the population of developed countries, so their support is one of the significant measures in maintaining [...]
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MEDIUM TERM PARAMETERS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC, BUDGETARY AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FORECASTING FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND KEY MACROECONOMIC RISKS MANAGEMENT
V. A.L, T. K.A, K. M.A, E. V.A

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 30

Abstract
The topic of the study is relevant due to the fact that abrupt changes in the economy and in the financial system, particularly those caused by the coronavirus pandemic, have changed all existing development forecasts. At the same time, a whole range of new risks for the financial system appeared. In this regard, the development of a forecast for the development of the financial sector in various scenarios, taking into account risks and opportunities, seems to be the most important task for the Russian economy. The purpose of the study is to develop a medium-term forecast for the development of the financial sector in the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is the dynamics of the development of the financial system of the Russian Federation in the medium term. The research method or methodology is based on the study of key current and retrospective data on the state of the financial sector of the Russian Federation, highlighting the most important risks for the financial sector and building a medium-term forecast. As a result of the work carried out, the key components of the budgetary sphere, financial and credit markets have been analyzed, and the impact of the deterioration in the external environment has been assessed. Thus, the work presents the assessments of the prerequisites for the forecast and developed three possible scenarios for the development of the financial sector in Russia. The scientific novelty of the research lies in producing unique forecasts for the development of the financial sector in Russia. The recommendations obtained as a result of the study indicate the need to develop mechanisms for responding to certain risks for the financial system, taking into account the possible consequences of such an impact presented in the forecast. The project was carried out as part of research work by the Laboratory for Structural Research of the IAER at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in 2021.
Abstract
The topic of the study is relevant due to the fact that abrupt changes in the economy and in the financial system, particularly those caused by the coronavirus pandemic, have [...]
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Analysis of new approaches to identifying risks and ensuring financial stability in modern national financial systems
Y. Danilov, D. Pivovarov, I. Davydov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 31

Abstract
This paper explores new approaches to identifying financial stability risks and implementing financial stability policies in the contemporary national financial systems. The need for new approaches is primarily explained by a dramatic expansion of the range of financial stability risks due to the increasingly important role of non-banking financial institutions and financial markets in the operation of financial systems, as well as the growing financial inclusion of firms and households. The problems of assessing financial stability are given a special focus. Based on the analysis of financial stability metrics used by the world’s leading central banks and recommended by international financial organizations, the authors formulate proposals for modernizing the system of financial stability indicators used by the Bank of Russia. We formulated proposals on measures to protect the domestic market from external shocks arising from changes in the monetary policy conducted by the world’s leading central banks; on accounting for the expanded range of financial stability risks; and on harmonizing financial stability policies with other areas of financial development.
Abstract
This paper explores new approaches to identifying financial stability risks and implementing financial stability policies in the contemporary national financial systems. The [...]
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USING GOOGLE TRENDS FOR PREDICTIONS: REVIEW AND APPLICATIONS FOR RETAIL SALES FORECASTING
A. Zubarev, Y. Golovanova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 32

Abstract
Due to the growing popularity of the Internet, many purchases are made in online stores. The Google Trends service collects data based on user requests and breaks them down into categories. In this paper, we review the existing forecasting methods using this service, and make an attempt to predict the dynamics of retail sales using macroeconomic variables and categories in Google Trends corresponding to various commodity groups of food and non-food products. For each type of retail, we build the best predictive models from macroeconomic variables and try to improve them by adding trends.
Abstract
Due to the growing popularity of the Internet, many purchases are made in online stores. The Google Trends service collects data based on user requests and breaks them down [...]
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PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SERVANTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
L. B, E. A., M. E, G. E, K. A

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 33

Abstract
Digital transformation in governance is possible subject to a change in the corporate culture of the federal authorities. Training and a modern system of professional development of public authorities based on digital solutions and requiring digital skills are becoming the most important tool for changing culture. At the same time, the digitalization of the processes of organizing the professional development of civil servants is impossible without improving this system, including building interconnection with the development strategy of the state body (sphere, department), the system for assessing and motivating civil servants, and their career development. The approaches to planning the professional development of civil servants, quality assessment and examination of educational programs require updating. These processes must be based on modern digital solutions and services. The object of the research is the activities of state bodies and subdivisions regulating the sphere of professional development of civil servants. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for improving the system of professional development of public authorities in the context of the government digital transformation. The tasks are related to the analysis of the current state of the professional development system in public authorities, the development of proposals for improving the system of professional development in governance in the context of digitalization and client (citizen) centricity. The novelty of the research is determined by the introduction of new state data of the professional development system of civil servants and the proposed model of the system maturity levels under study. The research is based on a systemic approach and a comparative method. The following empirical methods are used: sociological research (in-depth interviews, polls of civil servants); analysis of documents, expert sessions; modeling. The result of the research was the development of proposals for improving the system of professional development in the aspect of creating unified methodological approaches to the professional development of civil servants. The main conclusions relate to the application of the maturity level model of this system and the possibility of its use to update the existing approaches and methodological tools. A special place is occupied by proposals for the improvement of the Unified Information System for Personnel Management of the State Civil Service of Russia (EISU KS) and the Unified Specialized Information Resource (EIR) services for professional development of civil servants. The results of research can be used in the interests of federal authorities and regional governments, the Office of the President of the Russian Federation for Civil 7 Service and Personnel, the Human Resources Department of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation to improve work on the professional development of civil servants. The prospects of the study are associated with the implementation of the proposed model of maturity levels and the development of methodological tools for moving to higher levels in terms of organizing professional development
Abstract
Digital transformation in governance is possible subject to a change in the corporate culture of the federal authorities. Training and a modern system of professional development [...]
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THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING INTERACTIVE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES OF PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DIAGNOSTICS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF ORGANIZING AND CONDUCTING MANAGEMENT COMPETITIONS
M. A.A., S. Yu.V

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 34

Abstract
The relevance of this research is primarily due to the intensive development of technologies for remote work with personnel. Interest in digital tools for the assessment and development of human resources is increasing both in business and in the field of public service. The growing trend in recent years to search and select the most promising personnel through open management competitions has formed a request for methodological and technological modernization of already proven evaluation tools and their adaptation to the specific conditions of such personnel projects. The purpose of the study is to study the possibilities and prospects of using interactive digital technologies for evaluating personal, professional and managerial resources within the framework of organizing and conducting managerial and personnel projects (competitions). The object of the study is personal and professional resources and psychological qualities of managers participating in management competitions. Research methods: general scientific, psychological and mathematical; analysis of literary sources, testing, statistical data processing. As part of the research work, an extensive analysis of the modern world practice of using digital interactive technologies in the field of personnel management was carried out. The key trends in the use of interactive digital technologies are identified and described. An interactive digital methodology of personal and professional diagnostics in the format of a test to assess the respondent's level of knowledge in the field of public administration in the Russian Federation has been developed and tested. Based on the developed tools, an empirical study was conducted on a sample of more than three and a half thousand managers participating in the management competition. According to the results of an empirical study, significant differences in personal and professional characteristics were revealed between participants who demonstrated different levels of knowledge. The conducted empirical research allows us to draw conclusions about the expediency of using knowledge tests in the context of personal and professional diagnostics. A variant of creating a methodology for assessing the level of claims based on the developed knowledge test is proposed. Recommendations on the use of an interactive format for the implementation of digital methods for assessing managerial and personal-professional resources in the context of mass remote assessment are formulated. The prospects and possibilities of using such digital assessment tools in the framework of projects for the development of state personnel policy are outlined.
Abstract
The relevance of this research is primarily due to the intensive development of technologies for remote work with personnel. Interest in digital tools for the assessment and [...]
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OPPORTUNITIES FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE OF PERSONNEL POLICY BASED ON THE USE OF UNIFIED PROCEDURES OF PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DIAGNOSIS AND ASSESSMENT IN THE SYSTEM STATE CIVIL SERVICE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
I. Sheburakov, Y. Sinyagin, L. Tatarinov, O. Sheburakova, Z. Goyayeva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 35

Abstract
The research work is devoted to analyzing the assessment practice in the public civil service, defining conditions and factors affecting the level of maturity of assessment in the HR technology system, and determining the possibilities for the introduction of unified procedures for personal and professional diagnostics and assessment in the activities of the government HR services to improve the effectiveness of personnel policy implementation in the civil service. In the process of researching, based on the analysis of trends characterizing the development of approaches to assessment in the civil service, directions for increasing the effectiveness of personnel policy were determined; proposals were substantiated for the formation of a system of unified procedures for personal and professional diagnostics and assessment in the civil service of the Russian Federation; methodological recommendations were developed and identified. The conditions necessary for the large-scale implementation of a system of unified procedures for personal and professional diagnostics in the state civil service of the Russian Federation.
Abstract
The research work is devoted to analyzing the assessment practice in the public civil service, defining conditions and factors affecting the level of maturity of assessment [...]
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FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF MANAGEMENT TEAMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONAL PROJECTS USING REGIONAL PERSONNEL COMPETITIONS
S. Yu.V, ,. E.V, R. A.V, S. O.N, S. N, P. O.

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 36

Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the need to scientific and practical improvement of approaches to the selection and formation of management teams for the implementation of national projects; The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the selection and formation of management teams for the implementation of national projects using personnel regional competitions; Research tasks: a) identify the specifics of personnel regional competitions as instruments for the formation of management teams; b) to analyze the specific characteristics of teams for the implementation of national goals and projects based on the generalization of the results of personnel regional competitions; c) develop a model of requirements for managers and managerial teams on the implementation of national projects in the subjects of the Russian Federation; d) determine the characteristic features of effective management teams for the implementation of national projects; e) analyze personal and group factors of the effectiveness of managers as members of the management team on the implementation of national projects. The study was conducted in 2021 at the Faculty of Assessment and Development of Management Personnel VSSU Ravgigs. As research methods, scientific and methodological analysis, psychobiographic analysis, observation, expert survey, questionnaire, personal and professional diagnostics, content analysis of documents were used as research methodologies. The analysis of 2019- 2020 was used to analyze., Which includes the results of the personal and professional diagnosis of civil servants, as well as the results of the expert survey. The main results of the study are: clarification of the content of the concept of the "Management team" in relation to the public administration system; Expert and analytical note "Personnel regional contests as instruments for the formation of management teams"; Guidelines for optimizing the process of selection of teams to implement national projects using personnel regional competitions. Basic conclusions: The results of research work may be useful for creating a base for the formation of effective management teams in all the structures of public administration, as well as the development of specific mechanisms for the selection and formation of management teams for the implementation of national projects using personnel regional competitions. Research prospects may be associated with: identifying value-semantic factors for the development of team potential and improving the efficiency and productivity of project activities in the public administration system; studying the psychobiographic factors of development in civil servants of readiness to fulfill certain management and commanding roles; development of instruments for assessing the management team in the system of public administration as a group entity of activities; Improving the technology of regional personnel competitions as a tool for selecting effective management teams.
Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the need to scientific and practical improvement of approaches to the selection and formation of management teams for the implementation [...]
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SOCIO-COGNITIVE DETERMINANTS OF THE SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT IN THE MODERN GOVERNMENT SYSTEM
S. V, C. G

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 37

Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the following: traditionally, the problem of managerial success in the modern public administration system is considered from the standpoint of individual psychological characteristics of a person, their psycho-biographical factors, or based on indicators of the effectiveness of managerial activity. On the contrary, the issues of sociocognitive factors, their influence on the achievements of the individual are considered to a lesser extent. At the same time, social and cognitive features that explain managerial success and differences in management styles are important determinants of managerial success, along with the aforementioned characteristics. Studying this through the prism of personal life strategies, the system of personal meanings that determine individual consciousness, allows us to identify strategies for understanding the subjective effectiveness and success of management activities, especially in a situation of its increasing complexity. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the social and cognitive sphere of modern leaders of the public administration system, its relationship with managerial and career success, and on this basis to substantiate the typology of managers with different management concepts for the development of their individual development programs. The object of the research is the socio-cognitive sphere of the managers’ personality. Research method: study of literary sources, review of scientific approaches, expert survey, questionnaires, content analysis of documents, testing using author's tools, quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data. Analysis of the array of empirical data, modeling, comparative data analysis. The main conclusions: based on empirical data from a representative sample of management personnel of the public administration system, which amounted to more than 8000 respondents, a study of the factors of influence of the socio-cognitive characteristics of the leader on their managerial (career) success, the socio-cognitive characteristics of the leader was conducted in 2021 and the typology of leaders based on the combination of these properties was built. The novelty of the research: for the first time, the issue of socio-cognitive determinants of managerial success is considered, a typology of managers is built, which is based on a combination of socio-cognitive characteristics that are determinants of the subjective picture of the manager's world: internality, distance, safety orientation. This can significantly expand the scientific field of research both in the field of the subject of management activities and in the field of professional activities of civil servants. Research prospects: research results can be used to develop scientific potential in order to improve the quality of educational programs for scientific and methodological support for the introduction of new principles of personnel policy in the civil service; develop the requirements for the assessment of managers of the public administration system, candidates for the positions of managers, as well as participants in the reserves of managerial personnel; develop the requirements for the structure and content of management training programs in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and building individualized programs for professional and personal development.
Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the following: traditionally, the problem of managerial success in the modern public administration system is considered from the standpoint [...]
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RESOURCE SUPPLY OF REGIONAL SECONDARY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF INCREASING DISTANCE LEARNING FORMS
Y. Lomteva, L. Bedareva, Y. Polushkina, A. Polushkina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 38

Abstract
This scientific report presents the findings of a study of regional systems of secondary vocational education during the forced transition to distance learning. The large-scale lockdown of vocational educational institutions during the pandemic and the need to switch to distance learning as soon as possible revealed a number of problems: distance learning technologies are not used in eight regions of the Russian Federation to train either skilled workers and employees or secondary level specialists; e-learning and distance learning in the Russian Federation are used by no more than 20% of secondary vocational education institutions; teachers and industrial training supervisors do not possess the necessary skills to integrate digital technologies into the education process. The paper considers the directions of transformation of regional systems of secondary vocational education associated with the introduction of distance learning technologies and an increase in the enrollment. The study is based on an analysis of statistical data describing the current status of regional secondary vocational education systems, including statistical reporting forms. The work is important for the regional vocational education systems and is the basis for the implementing new principles of building regional vocational education systems and the development of new social partnership mechanisms ensuring active involvement of labor market participants in vocational education.
Abstract
This scientific report presents the findings of a study of regional systems of secondary vocational education during the forced transition to distance learning. The large-scale [...]
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPLIANCE WITH STRUCTURE AND VOLUME TRAINING OF STAFF WITH HIGHER EDUCATION NEEDS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - REGIONAL ASPECT
T. Klyachko, A. Fedotov, A. Kovalenko, T. Blinova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 39

Abstract
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT, STAFF DEMAND, STAFF WITH HIGHER EDUCATION, STRUCTURE OF STAFF TRAINING, STRUCTURE OF GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT This paper analyzes the correspondence between the structure of training personnel with higher education and the prospective sectoral structure of the subjects of the federation. Comparison of the structure of personnel training in the context of integrated multidisciplinary groups with the prospective structure of regional economies in the context of types of economic activity revealed that the disproportion in provision of needs of regional economies with specialists of relevant specialization in education is observed in 76 subjects of the Russian Federation; moreover, for 11 multidisciplinary training areas, this disproportion is noted in more than a quarter of the subjects of the federation. This scientific work shows a new trend in the development of the system of additional professional education – a faster growth in the volume of professional retraining programs with the assignment of a new qualification, which may indicate the growing role of the additional professional education system, to compensate the shortage of personnel with higher education through the retraining of specialists with unpopular qualifications in the labor market, and giving them new competencies that meet the demands of the labor market. Based on the results of the analysis, measures are proposed to align the training structure of personnel with higher education to the future structure of regional economies. The material was prepared based on the results of research work on the research topics "11.1 Analysis of the effectiveness of existing networks of public and private universities in the Russian regions in the context of the rapid development of distance learning technologies" and "11.4 Research of long-term development trends in the system of continuing professional education ", carried out within the framework of the state assignment to RANEPA.
Abstract
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION, LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT, STAFF DEMAND, STAFF WITH HIGHER EDUCATION, STRUCTURE OF STAFF TRAINING, STRUCTURE [...]
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ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF FINANCING UNIVERSITY SCIENCE ON UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT
A. Fedotov, A. Kovalenko, A. Polushkina, B. L.Yu

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 40

Abstract
The object of the study is the system of research funding in Russian universities. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential of scientific research in universities of different profiles and the ability of higher education institutions to attract budgetary and nonbudgetary funding for research. Method and methodology of research – methods of statistical data analysis; methods of comparison and generalization of the results obtained; international methodology for calculating socioeconomic indicators; methods of comparative analysis of socioeconomic information. The study as a whole is aimed at solving the following main fundamental and applied problems: • Analysis of the principles, models and mechanisms of research funding in the system of higher education in Russia and abroad; 4 • Development of approaches (methodology) to assessing the impact of the amount of budgetary and non-budgetary funding of scientific research on the development of universities as scientific and educational centers; • Analysis of regulatory documents pertaining to non-financial support measures, financing of scientific research in Russian universities and the effectiveness of their implementation; • Analysis of the impact of the establishment of world-class research and education centers on the distribution of financial resources in Russia’s higher education system; • Assessment of the current financing volume of civilian research, development and engineering (RD&E) works at universities of different profiles by integrated multidisciplinary groups (IMG), individual training areas and types of activity in the last three years; • Determination of the impact of funding and non-financial support measures for university research on the development of universities of different profiles; • Development of recommendations to improve the existing support measures for university research in Russia, including support for the subsequent implementation of the results of university research and their commercialization. Research findings. The authors have analyzed the principles, models and mechanisms of financing university research that have been implemented during the last two decades in the USA, China, Japan, Germany, South Korea, France, India, Great Britain, Brazil, and Russia; they have also analyzed the regulatory norms of the system of state support for science development in the Russian Federation, as well as the system for development and application of these measures, assessed the current volume of university research funding by main sources and financing mechanisms for the last three years (based on the statistics available), conducted comparative analysis of funding volumes for universities and academic organizations in different areas (based on the statistics available), proposed a methodology for assessing the microeconomic efficiency and macroeconomic impact of the university’s research activity, conducted an assessment of the influence of university research funding on the development of universities of various profiles. The material was prepared based on the results of research work on research topic 11.3 “Financing and non-financial support measures of university science and their impact on the development of universities of different profiles,” performed within the framework of the state assignment to RANEPA.
Abstract
The object of the study is the system of research funding in Russian universities. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential of scientific research in universities [...]
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TRAINING SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE SECOND AND THIRD SHIFTS: ANALYSIS OF CURRENT SITUATION
A. TISHCHENKO

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 41

Abstract
The Center for the Economics of Continuing Education of the RANEPA Institute of Applied Economic Research (IAER) performs annual monitoring of the efficiency of school education. The COVID-19 pandemic has made significant changes in the functioning and development of the educational system, which makes the analysis of the challenges and consequences an urgent research problem. Taking into account the tasks of the national project "Education" and the measures of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of Education", eliminating the third shift in school education and achieving single-shift educational process is a significant characteristic of the state of the general education system. The main goal of the study is to assess the current state of regional general education systems, identifying and minimizing risks in achieving the targets. The objectives of this work are to analyze the organization of educational process in the Russian regions in the context of urban and rural settlements; analyze the changes in relation to the prepandemic situation at the beginning of the 2019/20 academic year. Research methods include analysis of open statistical data, comparison and generalization of the results. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: the problem of second-shift education for schoolchildren in rural areas is less acute than in urban areas; the proportion of schoolchildren in the third shift in rural schools is higher than in urban educational organizations; the pandemic had a negative impact on the mode of education – the increase in the number of schoolchildren studying in the second shift exceeded the growth in the number of schoolchildren in educational organizations by 12.2% in cities and by 87.4% in rural settlements. The results of the study can be used in the interests of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, education authorities of the Russian Federation for assessing the state of regional systems of school education, forecasting the development of regional systems of school education in the medium term to ensure the validity of management decisions in this area in the face of epidemiological and economic instability.
Abstract
The Center for the Economics of Continuing Education of the RANEPA Institute of Applied Economic Research (IAER) performs annual monitoring of the efficiency of school education. [...]
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SUPPORTING FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS (AS)
S. Morozova, S. Morozov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 42

Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by two interrelated points: the need to increase (1) the effectiveness of comprehensive support for persons with ASD and (2) the quality of life of children with ASD and the families in which they grow up. Comprehensive support can be neither (a) comprehensive without active, conscious, appropriately qualified participation of the family, nor (b) effective if the attitudes of specialists are not maintained for most of the day (when correcting autism, especially at the initial stage, it is actually necessary to change the lifestyle for the entire family). The only way to overcome these difficulties is to raise the awareness of family members in which there is a child with autism, their awareness of their real responsibility to the child and the possibilities of its effective implementation. Object of research: the process of support to families with children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Subject: Families with children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Purpose: to describe foreign and domestic experience on the problem of involvement of parents of children with ASD, contributing to an increase in the efficiency of the support process. Objectives: to analyze foreign and domestic literature on the problem of the involvement of parents of children with ASD in their comprehensive support. Methods: analysis of literature data; comparative studies; information visualization; comparison and generalization of the results obtained. Results: research materials can be used to qualitatively change work with parents and other family members of children with ASD in organizations implementing early assistance, preschool and primary general education programs, as well as in public organizations uniting parents of children with ASD. Conclusions: The results of analysis of foreign and domestic sources have established the possibilities and ways of involving parents and other family members of children with ASD, the following are included in the comprehensive support: biological characteristics of close relatives of a child with ASD; socio-psychological characteristics of a family with a child with ASD; interaction between specialists and parents. Recommendations: to continue research to study the correction of speech development, as the most important area of comprehensive support for children, adolescents and adults with ASD.
Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by two interrelated points: the need to increase (1) the effectiveness of comprehensive support for persons with ASD and (2) the quality [...]
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RESEARCH OF METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAMS FOR SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN THE CONTEMPORARY INFORMATION SOCIETY
A. E.F, R. O.R, A. A.S, A. N.B, A. A.L, V. E.L, Z. V.K, Z. A.S., R. G.V, K. E.V, S. M.L

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 43

Abstract
The priority task of the Russian Federation in the upbringing of the younger generation is the development of a highly moral person who shares Russian traditional spiritual values, has relevant knowledge and skills, and is able to realize his potential. The modern information society is characterized, on the one hand, by the growth of the electronic educational environment and distance technologies, which make it possible to bring education to a new level of opportunities for the development of children and adolescents, on the other hand, by additional risks of increased aggressiveness in the adolescent environment, peer bullying and other antisocial manifestations. The upbringing of children and adolescents in a family and an educational organization is a strategic nationwide priority that requires the consolidation of the efforts of various civil society institutions and departments at the federal, regional and municipal levels (the Upbringing Development Strategy in the Russian Federation for the period through to 2025). The preprint presented contains materials of research work carried out by the Center for Strategy, Design and Legal Support of RANEPA FIRO in 2021. The object of the described research is the process of socialization of children and adolescents in the modern information space. This preprint contains most of the research done. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors analyzed the literature on the issue and prepared a substantiation of scientific and methodological approaches in the development of programs for the socialization of children and adolescents in the information analysis societies. The subject of the analysis was the study of the psychological well-being of children and adolescents in the course of socialization in the educational space and communication in social networks (based on materials from foreign and domestic studies). In the course of solving scientific problems, the researchers identified the factors influencing the psychological well-being of children and adolescents in the modern educational space, and developed a system for assessing the subjective well-being of the Russian schoolchildren’s families based on the results of research on the psychological well-being of children and adolescents in the modern educational space and in social networks. As a scientific and practical development, the researchers offer one of the research results, an original program for the socialization of children and adolescents in a modern information society, which has been tested in 11 regions of the Russian Federation. Additionally, the preprint contains materials that will be useful for practical application by educational psychologists - a set of methods for assessing the psychological well-being of children and adolescents in the modern educational space and in social networks
Abstract
The priority task of the Russian Federation in the upbringing of the younger generation is the development of a highly moral person who shares Russian traditional spiritual [...]
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ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING NETWORKS OF STATE UNIVERSITIES IN THE RUSSIAN REGIONS
T. KLYACHKO, G. TOKAREVA

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 44

Abstract
The development of higher education systems around the world is associated with an increase in the number of students, which has almost doubled over the past 30 years. The growth of student contingents has led to a reformatting of university networks. The question of the formation of a network of universities and their influence on spatial development, as well as the problem of the impact of economic development in certain territories on the need for the development of higher educational institutions is an urgent research problem. The main goal of this work is to assess the effectiveness of the spatial development of the higher education system, taking into account the effects that its different levels have on the processes of socio-economic development of Russian regions. The objective of this work is to analyze the existing networks of state universities in Russian regions. Research methods include analysis of statistical data and socio-economic information, economic and mathematical analysis and modeling. The main results of the research: the changes that took place in the network of state (municipal) universities in Russia in the 1990/91–2018/19 academic years are considered; the factors that caused the changes, as well as the consequences for the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, where the higher educational institutions are located, have been analyzed; the availability of higher education for the population and the economic sustainability of networks of state (municipal) universities in federal districts and various regions of Russia have been analyzed. The obtained results can be used in the interests of public authorities in the field of education for the development of a state policy of spatial development of the higher education system; assessing the consequences of the restructuring of networks of universities and branches of universities on the socio-economic development of Russian regions; assessing the directions of development of higher education in the regions of the Russian Federation.
Abstract
The development of higher education systems around the world is associated with an increase in the number of students, which has almost doubled over the past 30 years. The [...]
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APPROACHES TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF NATIONAL MARTYRY: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL ESSAY
A. Zygmont

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 45

Abstract
Political martyrdom is a vivid but extremely little-studied phenomenon. world political, social and religious culture, which originates in European New Age and is actively developing to this day. Since the 18th century he appeared in a huge range of historical contexts: these are the “martyrs of freedom” in the era of the French revolutions, martyred presidents in the USA, heroes of the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin, martyrdom in the fascist movements of Spain, Romania, Germany of the 20th century, civil religions of the USSR and China, as well as sacrificial ideologies in the context of decolonization and postcolonialism. Over time, the number of political cults of martyrs not only decreased, but also increased: today is a civil holiday called "Day martyrs” is celebrated in more than 30 countries around the world, and the corresponding ideas continue to feed many national liberation and separatist movements around the world - for example, Kurds, Tamils, Welsh, Catalans or Indian Maoists (Naxalites). Accordingly, questions arise - why all this numerous nationalisms, established states and activist movements need martyrs, related practices and ideologies? What is the nature of this new and of the latest martyrdom - religious, secular or otherwise? Finally, is veneration of the martyrs as an expression of passion or as a mobilization strategy that has some function in group rallying, struggle and the subsequent founding of the state? The main hypothesis, which will be proved in the main part of the work, is that in the XVIII-XX centuries. many nation-states embraced the concept of martyrdom from religion (especially Christianity) and used it for the purpose of mobilization during its foundation and for the purpose of legitimation - after the foundation. martyrdom is foundation of civil religions of a number of modern nations, and they themselves in ideologically, they stand on the "bones" of all kinds of revolutionaries, freedom fighters or founding fathers. It seems that the study of this phenomenon can clarify the essence of nationalism, identify ideological and practical strategies formation of nation-states, as well as to promote understanding of the logic decolonization and current activist movements. The complexity of the subject of study makes it necessary interdisciplinary, located on the border between political science, religious studies and cultural history. This allows you to use extensive theoretical resources, including writings on nationalism, political theory, history socio-political thought, martyrdom, religion in the modern world, religion and five violence, and also, to some extent, the philosophy of sacrifice or post-secular. This scientific report presents the basic concepts, methods and research concepts: the relational nature of martyrdom as a narrative; him existence as a reputational project undertaken by specific interested people; martyrdom as an inversion of the founding murder paradigm (according to R. Girard); finally, the connection between martyrdom, violence, militancy (which considered on the example of early Christianity).
Abstract
Political martyrdom is a vivid but extremely little-studied phenomenon. world political, social and religious culture, which originates in European New Age and is actively [...]
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STRATEGIES AND MECHANISMS FOR CONSTRUCTING HISTORICAL MEMORY AND FORGETTING IN THE SPACE OF PUBLIC HISTORY
S. Mereminskiy, I. Zhenin

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 46

Abstract
At present, historical science is experiencing a new historiographical wave associated with the study of commemorative practices (anniversaries of significant events of the past, reevaluation of the activities and merits of historical, political and cultural “heroes”), which is reflected in the public space and largely shapes the current sociopolitical agenda. The systematization and analysis of existing theoretical and methodological approaches to comprehending the commemorative practices aimed at preserving and/or removing the memory of the past in the public space is one of the significant problems of social sciences in general and historical science in particular. Historical memory is an essential building block in the development of national identity. It is often based on one or more historical myths, which determine not only the society’s perception of the past, but also largely construct the attitude to the present (current) events. Understanding the mechanisms of how remembering the past determines group behavior and individual strategies of interaction with the surrounding world is important from the perspective of studying the transformation of national identity and the sustainability of the society as a whole. This determined the object of this study, namely the practice of constructing historical memory in the space of public history. The aim of the study is to systematize and analyze the existing theoretical and methodological approaches to comprehending the commemorative practices aimed at preserving the memory of the past and/or the process of forgetting the past in the public space. The analysis of theoretical models, as well as the mechanisms of formation, development, and consolidation of historical memory of events, figures, and “heroes” within this work will allow us to correlate the discourse of official history with the vernacular practices of remembering and/or forgetting about the past. In addition, a consideration of this issue based on the historical material of European countries (Great Britain and Germany) will allow us to see the models of developing and overcoming their own model of the past, which exist in the public space.
Abstract
At present, historical science is experiencing a new historiographical wave associated with the study of commemorative practices (anniversaries of significant events of the [...]
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PLACES OF SPECTACLE AND SPACES OF PERFORMANCE IN EXPERIMENTAL THEATER CULTURE OF THE XX-XXI CENTURIES (RUSSIAN CONTEXT)
Z. Vasil'yeva, A. Dunayeva, V. Zolotukhin, Y. Liderman

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 47

Abstract
The work resulted in theoretical developments for the study of the spatial aspects of the latest practices in live arts, as well as the identification of social and cultural contexts that are key to the history of art in situ in Russia. The negative aesthetics of theatrical events mastering non-theatrical spaces: streets, foyers, roofs, squares, natural landscapes open up the possibility of analyzing the theatrical process and its auto-reflective function. Theatrical and performative events turn out to be closely integrated into such social processes as cultural democratization (inclusion of more and more new groups in the processes of cultural interactions), commemoration (the creation of new rituals and narratives for memory and preservation of cultural heritage), as well as in the processes of creating and drawing attention to the public spaces of a modern city. We believe that a necessary step for the development of the theory of contemporary art is the inclusion of a cross-disciplinary understanding of the object of study, in which live performing arts, installation arts, visual arts, video and audio experiments in exhibition projects would be considered together and thus the ideas and concepts of post-structuralist cultural criticism could be applicable to the contemporary art process.
Abstract
The work resulted in theoretical developments for the study of the spatial aspects of the latest practices in live arts, as well as the identification of social and cultural [...]
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Changes in urban infrastructure under the influence of migration: challenges for cultural policy
V. Malakhov, M. Simon, D. Letnyakov, A. Motin, L. Nikol'skiy, M. Pirova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 48

Abstract
Research on the impact of migration on the urban cultural infrastructure plays an important role in the European social anthropology. The city cultural space appears as a kind of ‘multicultural machinery,’ whose operation is supported by multiple actors, from officials to ‘cultural brokers’. In the Russian scientific literature, there is a certain gap in the study of urban ‘multicultural machineries.’ Some studies of the migrants’ leisure practices and cultural consumption have been published, but the topic of public representation of cultural diversity associated with migration remains poorly researched. Meanwhile, the national policy, which is largely based on the Soviet cultural heritage in organizing intercultural interaction, faces new challenges associated with the generational change. Young people from Central Asia who come to Russia for study and work, do not consider Soviet cultural background as a self-evident point of reference anymore. In these conditions, a revision of the existing approaches to the integration of migrants into the cultural sphere of the host cities is required.
Abstract
Research on the impact of migration on the urban cultural infrastructure plays an important role in the European social anthropology. The city cultural space appears as a [...]
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“The views of the population of the regions of the Russian Federation on the birth rate in the conditions pandemics: results of a qualitative study”
K. K.I.

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 49

Abstract
This preprint outlines the results of a sociological survey (focus groups) carried out in May-June 2021 in five regions of Russia. The purpose of the survey was to study the respondents’ attitude towards childbearing and the new pronatalist state policy measures in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to discover the respondents’ views on the conditions necessary for becoming a parent in the pandemic conditions. The results of the survey are of interest for forecasting birth rates in Russia.
Abstract
This preprint outlines the results of a sociological survey (focus groups) carried out in May-June 2021 in five regions of Russia. The purpose of the survey was to study the [...]
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ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES IN HEALTHCARE IN RUSSIA AT THE TURN OF THE THIRD DECADE OF THE XXI CENTURY
L. Gabueva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 50

Abstract
The purpose of the study: substantiation of the role, place and mechanisms of modern economic methods of managing the health of the population of Russia to increase efficiency use of planned and mobilization funds allocated for priority national goals and tactical objectives in the health sector. Research methods and methodology: management theory, concepts of social sciences, methodology of public health, methods of medical statistics, economic and mathematical modeling of social processes, risk management tools, evaluating the effectiveness of development projects, quality management standards. Research results can be used for: − Medical and demographic prognostic examination of the factors of formation healthy lifestyle of the older generation of Russia, − Drafting of interdepartmental information exchange regulations information on medical and social security of the elderly, − Qualitative improvement of the standards of preventive and rehabilitation work with citizens of older gender and age groups, − Refinements of medium-term programs of measures for medical examination pensioners. − The practical significance of the study is due to: − Development of practical tools for budgeting facilities health care according to national health priorities (cancer care, cardiovascular disease, primary health care with preventive measures, etc.) at the expense of budgets and CHI. Systematization of the competencies of federal government bodies that have administrative regulations (orders, rules) for the regulation of health measures in the departmental system of managing social processes of the development of society, and as well as regional public health authorities, including the work regional project offices
Abstract
The purpose of the study: substantiation of the role, place and mechanisms of modern economic methods of managing the health of the population of Russia to increase efficiency use [...]
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Review of the main approaches to the use of models with time-varying parameters in the macroeconomic modeling
M. Kazakova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 51

Abstract
Evaluation of models with time-varying parameters is widely used in macroeconomic research carried out over the past 20 years. Following the pioneering work in this area, various authors have begun to apply such models to analyze the time-varying behavior of such macroeconomic parameters such as volatility, long-term economic growth, trend inflation, persistence of inflation and oil prices, as well as the dependence of the main macroeconomic variables on oil prices oil. This review provides a methodological basis for the use of time-varying models. time parameters as one of the important macroeconomic modeling tools and forecasting, which allows you to take into account temporal changes in the relationships between different variables.
Abstract
Evaluation of models with time-varying parameters is widely used in macroeconomic research carried out over the past 20 years. Following the pioneering work in this area, various [...]
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ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE EXISTING FEDERAL STATE STANDARD OF SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION MODEL IN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
V. Blinov, A. Satdykov, E. Esenina, Z. Dulaeva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 52

Abstract
Presidential Decree No. 204 dated May 7, 2018 “On the National Goals and Strategic Objectives of the Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2024” defines the development directions of the education system in the medium term. The Decree sets such goals as ensuring global competitiveness of Russian education, bringing Russia into top ten countries worldwide in terms of general education, and modernization of vocational education, including through the introduction of adaptive, practice-oriented and flexible educational curricula. The “Development of Education” state program of the Russian Federation for the years 2018-2025 puts forward the requirement to improve Russia’s position in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) in the fields of natural science, reading and mathematical literacy, increase the number of employed graduates of educational organizations trained in secondary vocational education programs. Approved by the Collegium of the Russian Ministry of Education in October 2020, the draft Strategy for Improvement of the Workforce Training and Applied Qualifications Development System in the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 includes the improvement of the general education quality by updating teaching methods and technologies as one of the top priorities in the development of secondary vocational education (SVE) institutions, taking into account the professional orientation of vocational education programs, inclusion of intensive training methods, applied modules and the use of distance learning and electronic education technologies, networked education programs and annual Russia-wide testing works. However, the quality of general secondary education in SVE and ways to improve it still remain an issue. The aim of the preprint is to present the analysis findings of the existing general education model at Russian secondary vocational education institutions compared to their foreign counterparts. The study is based on the methodology of system analysis and uses methods of comparative analysis, interviews and expert methods. The study produced findings of comparative analysis of various approaches to the organization of general education in the vocational education system in Russia and abroad. The relevance of the study is represented by a set of proposals for building a promising general education program for students in secondary vocational education institutions, based on the analysis findings. The results of the study can be applied in organizing general education training as part of the secondary vocational education programs at the federal and regional levels.
Abstract
Presidential Decree No. 204 dated May 7, 2018 “On the National Goals and Strategic Objectives of the Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2024” [...]
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APPROACHES TO STUDYING THE IMPACT OF CONSUMER DEMAND ON FORMATION OF INCENTIVES TO THE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMPANIES
A. Zhemkova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 53

Abstract
The paper assesses the impact of the expected market size on the stimulation of the technological development of Russian durable goods manufacturing companies. The work is structured as follows: the first chapter examines theoretical foundations of analyzing the impact of demand on the productivity and innovation activity of the companies, and examines the key sources of productivity growth and technological progress. The second chapter presents an analysis of indicators of the market size for durable goods in Russia, as well as data for Russian durable goods producers. The third chapter presents the empirical strategy and the results of the empirical assessment of the influence of market size on productivity and innovation, including for certain sectors of durable goods production. The fourth chapter analyzes the main measures of economic policy in the field of increasing productivity through the market channel. The main conclusions of the study and recommendations are presented at the end of the work
Abstract
The paper assesses the impact of the expected market size on the stimulation of the technological development of Russian durable goods manufacturing companies. The work is [...]
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"PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN RESIDENTS' BEHAVIOR IN A PANDEMIC SITUATION"
N. Loginov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 54

Abstract
Enormous amounts of empirical facts have been gathered regarding the content and structure of mental models in astronomy, biology, psychology, and so on. Mental models, or their individual parts (beliefs), are usually understood as stable domain-specific representations of a specific group of phenomena. A typical study using response time analysis includes demonstrating a sequence of statements that must be evaluated by the respondents as true or false. A stable experimental result is an increase in response time to statements that conflict with scientific and naive theories, in comparison to coherent statements. Relevance: the study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic (20202021), so we used a set of semantically related statements about the mechanisms of coronavirus infection, protective measures, etc. Scientific novelty: in this study, we considered the stability factor of the naive representations studied, presenting each statement multiple times. In predecessor studies, statements were presented only once. Research goal: To determine whether reaction time can serve as an indicator of the consistency of strong beliefs about a particular set of phenomena. This study tested the hypothesis that response time would be shorter for coherent answers to semantically related statements in comparison to incoherent answers. The study was conducted online in spring-summer 2020 and winter 2021. Methods: the participants evaluated pairs of statements regarding COVID-19 and their behavior during pandemic conditions, in randomized order. The results from two series of an online survey confirmed this hypothesis and a simple theoretical model behind it. The delta reaction times for coherent statements are lower than for incoherent ones. Findings: no differences were found in the RT of “yes” and “no” responses; we assume that the delta reaction times have a semantic origin.
Abstract
Enormous amounts of empirical facts have been gathered regarding the content and structure of mental models in astronomy, biology, psychology, and so on. Mental models, or [...]
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“IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY OF TARIFF REGULATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE TARIFF CONSEQUENCES OF LIBERALIZATION OF RELATIONS IN THE SPHERE OF HEAT SUPPLY»
O. Mozgovaya, B. Fayn, D. Agafonov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 19

Abstract
This paper presents the results of the scientific research "The Development of tariff regulation methodology and estimation of district heating liberalization effects”. The authors studied legislation of the price cap regulation on which the ‘No-MoreThan-Alternative-Boiler’ principle is based, constituting mechanisms of new economic relationships in the heating sector in Russia. The paper has studied the impact of the price cap regulation based on the ‘No-MoreThan-Alternative-Boiler’ principle established for the biggest unified heat supply companies operating in municipal areas where the heating market has completely transitioned to the new economic model as of the second half of 2021 (i.e. the transition period has ended). A lack of heat price explosion is noted; however, in 12 out of 15 unified heat supply companies studied, the conditions are in place for the consumer heating prices to rise faster than inflation in the next few years. According to the results of the research, the main problems of price cap regulation based on the ‘No-More-Than-Alternative-Boiler’ principle have been revealed, and practical recommendations for improving the mechanisms of ‘No-More-Than-Alternative-Boiler’ principle of the price regulation have been established.
Abstract
This paper presents the results of the scientific research "The Development of tariff regulation methodology and estimation of district heating liberalization effects”. [...]
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Review of foreign experience in assessing the impact of qualitative indicators on economic processes using vector autoregression models
S. Maria

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 20

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of foreign experience in using panel data to assess various economic phenomena and processes. Note that this paper presents two types of models: panel vector autoregression model and vector autoregression model.
Abstract
This paper provides an overview of foreign experience in using panel data to assess various economic phenomena and processes. Note that this paper presents two types of models: [...]
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Melt Processing of Cellulose Nanofibers Reinforced PLA from a Sustainable Masterbatch Process
J. Cailloux, J. Raquez, G. Re, O. Santana, P. Dubois, M. Maspoch

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 03 - Comunicaciones Matcomp17 (2019), (Núm. 3 - Procesos de Fabricación II y Materiales Avanzados), 17

Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) bionanocomposites were manufactured through industrially scalable equipments. The compatibility differences between hydrophobic PLA and hydrophilic CNF was counteracted using a water-based polyethylene glycol (PEG)/CNF masterbatch approach, hence minimizing CNF self-agglomeration during drying. Polarized light microscopy showed a progressive refinement of the CNF distribution into PLA upon increasing the PEG content. Rheological experiments provided further evidences about the efficiency of the PEG carrier sytem. Indeed the formation of strong CNF interactions or a three-dimensional CNF network was highlighted for the masterbatch-based composites holding 20 wt.% of PEG, corroborating the successfulness of our sustainable approach to disperse effectively CNF through melt blending techniques. Under thermo-mechanical loading, the rigid percolated CNF structure mastered the viscoelastic response of the plasticized composites, demonstrating the load-bearing capacity of well-entangled CNF in the glassy as well as in the rubbery state. This rapid and straightforward physical method is a suitable approach for preparing dried and concentrated melt-processable CNF masterbatches that can be adopted in conventional melt-processing methods at an industrial scale.
Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced poly (lactic acid) (PLA) bionanocomposites were manufactured through industrially scalable equipments. The compatibility [...]
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Study of the influence of flame-retardant additives on the mechanical properties of epoxy-fiberglass and basalt composites
. N.Soriano, . A.Navarro, . B.López

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 03 - Comunicaciones Matcomp17 (2019), (Núm. 3 - Procesos de Fabricación II y Materiales Avanzados), 16

Abstract
One of the main problems of composites is fire resistance properties. New fire-retardant additives are able to modestly improve this problem, although mechanical properties can be depleted. For this reason, a large variety of phosphorus-based flame retardants have been studied for their flammability and their rheological and mechanical properties [1,2]. However, little research has been done on the mechanical and rheological properties of epoxy resins with non-halogenated flame retardants, and these must be at least mentioned in conjunction with the fire retardant characteristics, in order to acquire a global view of the compound. In this work, the correlation between the addition of non- halogenated flame retardants and the mechanical properties of composites (tensile properties, interlaminar shear, flexure) and different types of fiber (basalt and glass) has been researched.
Abstract
One of the main problems of composites is fire resistance properties. New fire-retardant additives are able to modestly improve this problem, although mechanical properties [...]
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Manufacturing and characterization of multimaterial components of titanium and composites of PEEK-carbon fibre
A. Pedreira, A. Collazo, E. Rodriguez

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 03 - Comunicaciones Matcomp17 (2019), (Núm. 3 - Procesos de Fabricación II y Materiales Avanzados), 15

Abstract
Nowadays, the aeronautical sector use composite materials reinforced with high performance fibers. In this field, the composites of thermoplastic matrix (TPCs) is reinforced with continuous carbon fibers wich combine both high strength and lightness thus offering a great potential to replacement, at least partially, the metal alloys. The thermoplastic matrix allows reducing manufacturing costs and minimizing recycling problems. The integration of TPCs sometimes forces to combine pieces which are very different in composition, forming a multimaterial. During the development of the research , the manufacturing and physical-mechanical characterization of the CF-PEEK composite material and the union of said material with titanium was carried out. Firstly, the characterization and optimization of the press forming process of the monolithic CF-PEEK has been developed. The characterization was carried out through DSC and TGA tests, mechanical tensile tests according to the standard UNE-EN 527-5 and microscopic analysis. Then, the CF-PEEK-Ti joints were made and evaluated.In order to improve the quality of the joints has been used Ti-6Al-4V with two surface treatments (shot blasting and laser texturing) and enrich the surface with PEEK film.The mechanical characterization was carried out through the SLJ (Single Lap Joint) test according to the standard ASTM D5868. The results have shown how the laser treatment improves the quality of the joint, achieving the highest efficiency by enriching the surface with PEEK film. The viability of multi-material joints has been demonstrated through direct production in the press.
Abstract
Nowadays, the aeronautical sector use composite materials reinforced with high performance fibers. In this field, the composites of thermoplastic matrix (TPCs) is reinforced [...]
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Development of ASA base composites for Large Format Additive Manufacturing
D. Moreno-Sancheza, V. Casal, S. Molina

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 03 - Comunicaciones Matcomp17 (2019), (Núm. 3 - Procesos de Fabricación II y Materiales Avanzados), 13

Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are starting to be part of the naval industrial fabric, not only for creating prototypes, but also, for producing final parts. One of the most interesting AM technologies is material extrusion, mainly of melt thermoplastics, which are able to create 3D parts through a selective layer-by-layer deposition of polymeric melt-material beads. Concerning industrial area, there is a special interest in the new development of printers with various cubic meters in size, which allow to create parts for sectors such as naval accommodation, automotive, and wind energy. The development of new materials which satisfy the rheological, functional and mechanical requirements is fundamental for large format additive manufacturing technologies, in order to produce satisfactory parts. The latest published researches are focused on the development of thermoplastic materials reinforced with fibers (mainly carbon and glass) which lend the adequate properties for this end. Following this trend, this paper is focused on the development of new materials based on ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate), reinforced with carbon fibers, in order to be used in large format additive manufacturing devices for naval sector. Thanks to its intrinsic UV resistance property, this research might contribute to create parts for outdoor emplacement, extending its useful life in service.
Abstract
Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are starting to be part of the naval industrial fabric, not only for creating prototypes, but also, for producing final parts. One [...]
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ASSESSMENT AND FORECASTING OF STRESS RESISTANCE OF THE RUSSIAN BANKING SECTOR WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF RESTORING GROWTH UNDER CHANGED EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONDITIONS
S. Zubov, A. Vedev, M. Kovaleva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 1

Abstract
Relevance of the topic. In the conditions of increasing turbulence of the global business environment and instability of the financial system, rapid quantitative and qualitative transformations in the credit system under various financial, economic, social, political and other factors, banking supervision and regulation authorities, as well as the management of credit institutions are forced to constantly improve traditional approaches to assessing financial risks and develop new methods of early detection. In this regard, more and more attention is paid to a variety of stress testing methods that can determine the vulnerabilities of certain areas of banking and the banking system as a whole. The project was carried out as part of the research work carried out by the Laboratory for Structural Research of the Institute of Applied Economic Research of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in 2021. Research method or methodology. The research work is based on the principle of consistency in the study of various economic phenomena, as well as the appropriate selection methods for the object of research. This use case assumes a variety of scientific and methodological tools: the use of methods of scientific abstraction, economic and statistical analysis, functional and structural analysis, a systematic approach, comparison methods, graphical and tabular techniques for visualizing statistical and other data, methods of expert analysis, methods of graphical modeling and others. Research results: an analysis was carried out to systematize approaches to stress testing, to develop criteria for ranking stress testing methods by areas of banking and by risk factors; stress testing models in the Russian banking system were optimized, tested and validated; prepared a scientific basis for the stability of the banking system in the event of extreme yet likely events.
Abstract
Relevance of the topic. In the conditions of increasing turbulence of the global business environment and instability of the financial system, rapid quantitative and qualitative [...]
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF CAPITAL INVESTMENTS IN NATIONAL ECONOMY
O. Izryadnova, M. Kovaleva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 2

Abstract
An investment policy focused on the implementation of national sustainable growth goals is based on an analysis of competitive advantages, problems and opportunities for attracting investment and mutual strengthening of public and private financing of ambitious development projects at the federal and regional levels. The reaction of investment and construction activities in the context of a pandemic to a simultaneous reduction in demand and supply was fundamentally different from the traditional scheme of financial and economic crises in the framework of long retrospective periods. A peculiarity of the crisis was the rather high synchronization of lockdown measures in the domestic and world markets, which had an extremely painful effect on the nature of capital flows. The functioning of the economy under the conditions of falling aggregate domestic demand, reduced incomes and growing budgetary constraints has actualized the study of the issues of mobilizing investment resources and creating conditions for supporting the structural transformation of the priority economic sectors in the context of increasing competitiveness and productivity. In this regard, the activities needed to clarify the regulatory framework for stimulating and supporting capital investments, public-private partnerships, protecting property rights, providing guarantees and distributing risks were updated. Overcoming the consequences of the pandemic and restoring sustainable growth is considered in the paradigm of changing the role and participation of the state, business, general public, and financial markets in mobilizing resources and financing national programs and investment projects with an increase in the scale and structural shifts in the distribution of investments in fixed assets.
Abstract
An investment policy focused on the implementation of national sustainable growth goals is based on an analysis of competitive advantages, problems and opportunities for attracting [...]
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PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PAYMENT AND PAYMENT SYSTEMS AND ASSESSMENT OF RISKS IN NEW EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL CONDITIONS
S. Zubov, A. Vedev, M. Kovaleva

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 3

Abstract
The object of the research is the interconnections arising in the process of operation of Russian and foreign payment systems. The goal of the study is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the risks faced by the settlement and payment systems operating in the context of the global recession, mounting sanctions against Russia, as well as the expected economic recovery and growth and the reorientation of production to new energy sources. Research methodology. In the course of the study, methods of scientific abstraction, economic and statistical analysis, functional and structural analysis, a systematic approach, a comparison method, graphical and tabular visualization techniques for statistical and other data, generalization and formalization were used. The project was carried out as part of the research work carried out by the Laboratory for Structural Research of the Institute of Applied Economic Research of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in 2021. Research results: Description of the mechanisms of influence of organizational and technical factors on the state of the payment system and the implementation of cashless payments by commercial banks, Building a system of dependencies between the introduction of the latest payment systems and the development level of the financial market, as well as the main macroeconomic indicators, Analyzing traditional methods of risk assessment and management, proposing approaches to their improvement, Development of a methodology for backing up system-wide risk.
Abstract
The object of the research is the interconnections arising in the process of operation of Russian and foreign payment systems. The goal of the study is to conduct a comprehensive [...]
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Analysis of the impact of international standards for responsible business conduct on the financial sector in the world and in Russia: Formation of proposals for the development of regulation in Russia
I. Ermokhin, A. Levashenko

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 4

Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of international standards for responsible business conduct on the financial sector in the world and in Russia, and formulates proposals for the development of regulation in Russia. The relevance of the work lies in the need to analyze the impact of international standards for responsible business conduct on the financial sector in the world and in Russia, as well as to formulate proposals for the development of appropriate regulation in Russia. The study was conducted in 2021. The object of the study is the standards for responsible business conduct in the financial sector. The goal of the study is to analyze the impact of international standards for responsible business conduct on the financial sector in the world and in Russia, and to formulate proposals for the development of regulation in Russia. The following results were obtained: an analysis of the recommendations and standards of international organizations, including the OECD, related to responsible business conduct in the financial sector and their impact on access to financing for Russian companies; an analysis of the approaches of the OECD member countries, including the EU, France, Japan, Canada, and other countries, including China, to the regulation of responsible business conduct in the financial sector and the impact of the regulations adopted by these countries on the Russian companies’ access to financing; an analysis of the practices of legal regulation of responsible business conduct in the financial sector in Russia and their impact on access to finance for Russian companies; formulated proposals for the development of legal regulation of responsible business conduct in the financial sector in Russia in order to ensure access to financing for Russian companies. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using its results for the development of regulatory documents aimed at the development of sustainable (green) financing in Russia, the formation of Russia's position on the OECD platform in relation to the developed standards of responsible financing.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of international standards for responsible business conduct on the financial sector in the world and in Russia, and formulates proposals for [...]
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Impact analysis of automatic exchange of financial information in tax matters for business and natural persons
A. Koval, A. Levashenko

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 5

Abstract
The paper analyzes the legal relationship connected with the development of instruments for automatic exchange of tax information, which are being developed at the OECD level. Subject of the research is analysis of the automatic exchange instruments and the results of its implementation in the practice of states. Relevance of the research is based on the expanding use of automatic exchange of tax information between countries and the issues arising in connection with its application, the emergence of new tax programs aimed at increasing tax transparency. The goal of the study was to identify the issues of automatic exchange and develop proposals for the development of tax exchange instruments. Research methodology was based on the use of methods of logical, system, formal legal and comparative legal analysis. The authors analyze existing instruments for the automatic exchange of information on foreign accounts, cross-country reports on the activities of multinational corporations, and instruments for exchanging information on the sellers’ activities on e-commerce platforms. The research lays the foundations for the development of multilateral instruments for automatic exchange of tax information at the OECD level. To minimize the risks of tax evasion and improve the efficiency of the automatic exchange of tax information, the study proposes steps aimed at increasing the efficiency of Russia's participation in the OECD automatic exchange instruments - CRS MCAA and CbC MCAA. Based on the research, the following findings were made. First, based on the analysis of the legislation of individual countries and the first Peer Review published by the OECD in December 2020, one may conclude that most jurisdictions have a satisfactory legal framework, while in some countries, including Russia, it requires significant improvements. Second, a number of problems remain in the implementation of the standard for automatic exchange of information in Russia, which are primarily associated with the lack of effective mechanisms of responsibility for violation of self-certification and with the retention of currency control requirements. The results of the research include proposals for the development of automatic exchange instruments both on the OECD platform and in Russia.
Abstract
The paper analyzes the legal relationship connected with the development of instruments for automatic exchange of tax information, which are being developed at the OECD level. [...]
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Specifics of taxation of profits upon payment of dividends
N. Milogolov, A. Berberov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 6

Abstract
Unlike other types of passive income, dividends are formed directly from the profit of a legal entity and thus, theoretically, can be taxed twice at the level of the company and the income recipient. Such disproportion in the conditions of economic activity creates several types of economic distortions, although tax conditions should not influence the economic agents’ decisions. The need to eliminate the disproportions determines the relevance of the topic, and the approach to its development determines the scientific novelty of this study. Thus, the goal of the work is to develop proposals for the harmonization of the taxation regime in the payment of dividends at the level of the company and its participants, including taking into account the problem of double taxation. In order to achieve this goal, the authors set the tasks that involve identifying the current features of the Russian tax legislation in terms of taxation on dividends, generalizing the relevant foreign experience, assessing the economic and fiscal consequences of different scenarios for reforming the current dividend taxation mechanism, and developing specific recommendations aimed at its improvement. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the following methods of scientific knowledge: historical and logical, statistical, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, synthesis, modeling, analogy, econometric, comparative legal. Based on the findings of the study, the authors made conclusions that economic distortions arising from double economic taxation when distributing profits in the form of dividends are characteristic of the Russian tax system; this is indicated, in particular, by the presence of 'debt bias' in the financing of Russian private companies, as well as the parallel existence of different taxation principles of capital gains and other income other than dividends (interest and licensing payments). The authors' recommendations present an interrelated system of measures aimed at improving the current model of dividend taxation, including a consideration of the new socio-economic challenges facing the Russian economy. The paper substantiates the expediency of transition to partial exemption of dividends from taxation at the individual level through harmonization of the dividends taxation regime with the system of capital gains taxation. In order to harmonize the rules of dividends taxation with the mechanism of controlled foreign companies, it is also justified to reduce the threshold of “substantial participation in the capital” to 25% while using a zero-profit tax rate for dividends received. The authors also justify the implementation of the “allowance for corporate equity” mechanism in the tax law, which would align the dividends and interest taxation principles and become an investment incentive to attract new equity capital for taxpayers. Prospects of research within the framework of this topic are related to the development of economic and legal signs indicating the payment of 'hidden dividends' by
Abstract
Unlike other types of passive income, dividends are formed directly from the profit of a legal entity and thus, theoretically, can be taxed twice at the level of the company [...]
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Development of the tax incentive mechanism in the field of information technology
A. Korytin, N. Kostrykina, E. Melkova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 7

Abstract
The relevance of the work is explained by the amendments to the tax legislation related to IT companies in Russia, the so-called “IT maneuver” adopted in 2021. Income tax and social insurance benefits were increased, while VAT exemption was reduced. In September 2021, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the second package of measures to support the IT industry, which includes several tax measures. The purpose of the second package is to increase the demand for domestic IT products, to accelerate digital transformation of the economy and social sphere, as well as to create favorable conditions for doing IT business in Russia. In this regard, the subject of our study is the mechanism of taxation and measures of tax policy for IT sector. The goal of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of tax incentives for the development and sale of products of IT industry with the aim of increasing the export of high value-added services, as well as assessing the impact of benefits on insurance premiums on the development of the information technology industry in Russia. The research method consists in analyzing domestic proposals for stimulating the IT industry as part of the “IT maneuver” and comparing them with foreign approaches to the development of the IT sector. To analyze the effectiveness of tax incentives, we use an empirical estimation of the dynamics of IT enterprises’ economic performance, which is then compared between two samples: 1) a sample of enterprises enjoying the IT benefit, and 2) a sample of enterprises that don’t have any benefits. The findings show that companies enjoying the IT benefit on social insurance payments significantly outpace companies that did not have the benefit in terms of economic growth. We draw a conclusion that the IT benefits encourage the development of the IT industry. The recommendations are to continue the expansion of incentives for the IT industry as part of the “IT maneuver”, taking into account various comments. In particular, it is necessary to develop additional measures to support small businesses in the IT sector, as well as to develop a mechanism against the use of IT benefits for tax optimization purposes only.
Abstract
The relevance of the work is explained by the amendments to the tax legislation related to IT companies in Russia, the so-called “IT maneuver” adopted in 2021. [...]
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ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF EXPENDITURE ON HOUSING AND UTILITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
I. Sokolov, S. Belev, I. Arlashkin, G. Kozlyakov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 8

Abstract
Relevance. The issue of assessing the effectiveness of spending on housing and utility services in Russia remains underexplored. The volume of public funds allocated to the “Housing and Utility Services” sector nationwide has grown 60.2% in 2020 compared to 2016; compared to the total government spending, the increase is from 3.2% in 2016 to 3.7% in 2020. Relatively high government spending on housing and utility services in Russia is associated with numerous sectoral problems – primarily, severe deterioration of fixed assets. The utilities infrastructure continues to deteriorate in literally every region of the country. The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the extended government’s spending on the housing and utility services in the Russian Federation, to develop recommendations for changing the spending structure and volume. The of the study is the budget spending of the extended government of the Russian Federation for housing and utility services. The general research methodology consists of critical analysis and reasoning, a hypothetico-deductive method, case studies, generalization analysis and extrapolation (interpolation) of results. The main findings of the study are as follows: approaches were identified and model tools developed to assess the impact of the volume and structure of government spending on the efficiency of housing and utility services; Russian and international practice of legislative regulation and financing of the housing and utility services sector was analyzed; based on the formulated hypotheses on the conditions and factors affecting the efficiency of the housing and utility services in Russia and abroad, econometric modeling was carried out and the results were interpreted to test the hypotheses; proposals and recommendations were formulated to change the structure and volume of government spending on the housing and utility services. The findings of the study can be used in the interests of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Finance of Russia for the purpose of improving approaches to managing the costs of housing and utility services in the Russian Federation.
Abstract
Relevance. The issue of assessing the effectiveness of spending on housing and utility services in Russia remains underexplored. The volume of public funds allocated to the [...]
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Factor models of cryptocurrency profitability
E. Sinelnikova-Muryleva, M. Kuznetsova, K. Shilov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 9

Abstract
More than 12 years have passed since the debut of Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency, but there is still no clear understanding of the essence of cryptocurrencies. At the same time, in recent years, interest in cryptocurrencies has continued to grow, and this financial instrument is becoming more and more attractive to individuals. Therefore, an issue of essence of cryptocurrencies is relevant. The main subject of the study is the profitability of cryptocurrencies. The main aim of this work is to identify the determinants of cryptocurrency returns. To achieve this goal, such tasks as the creation of factors reflecting the characteristics of the cryptocurrency market and the use of multifactor Fama-French models for the analysis of cryptocurrency returns were performed. Based on the collected daily data on capitalization, trading volumes and the price of more than 5,000 cryptocurrencies for the period from 01.04.2014 to 21.06.2021, standard factors based on capitalization indicators, trading volumes and the third momentum were built. The main estimation method is econometric modeling using the least squares method. The obtained results of an empirical study indicate a positive relationship between the profitability of groups of cryptocurrencies and the difference in the yields of the upper and lower 30% of cryptocurrencies according to the third moment. The difference in the yields of the lower and upper 30% of cryptocurrencies by market capitalization has a negative impact on the profitability of groups of cryptocurrencies. The main conclusion of the study is that before the beginning of high volatility period, cryptocurrencies could be considered as an asset for the diversification of market risk, but subsequently the cryptocurrency market began to move co-directionally to the stock market. The scientific novelty of the work stems from presenting an assessment of the impact of modeled factors on various groups (portfolios) of cryptocurrencies over certain periods of time. The study recommends to conduct further analysis of the profitability factors of cryptocurrencies on more homogeneous samples.
Abstract
More than 12 years have passed since the debut of Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency, but there is still no clear understanding of the essence of cryptocurrencies. At the same [...]
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CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSIS OF TREND INFLATION
M. Kazakova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 10

Abstract
Today, trend inflation is one of the important components of monetary models, as well as an indicator of public confidence in the ongoing monetary policy. In addition, trend inflation is used when forecasting inflation over a long-term horizon. This explains the relevance of this work, which is aimed at illustrating the evolution of trend inflation concept (subject of the study), as well as determination of its place in macroeconomic models. A review of theoretical works analyzing the concept of trend inflation and its relationship with other macroeconomic indicators is aimed at achieving this goal. The study was conducted at the Center for the Study of Central Banking Problems as part of the RANEPA state assignment for 2021 using relevant academic literature and as the major source of information and such methods as descriptive, statistical, graphical analysis, a systematic approach, and comparative analysis. Analysis of trend inflation concept allows the authors to conclude that this indicator represents a long-term inflationary trend and is unobservable. In statistics, prices for food and raw materials characterized by high volatility, as well as the effects of changes in indirect taxes, are excluded from the indicator of general inflation in order to identify a long-term trend in the dynamics of the general price level. In addition, trend inflation concept is widely used in macroeconomic modeling. In the future, this review can serve as a starting point for an econometric estimation of trend inflation for the Russian economy; study of trend inflation factors in Russia; analysis of changes in the magnitude and volatility of this indicator over time; as well as formulation of recommendations for the Russian monetary authorities.
Abstract
Today, trend inflation is one of the important components of monetary models, as well as an indicator of public confidence in the ongoing monetary policy. In addition, trend [...]
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ASSESSMENT OF THE RIGIDITY OF INFORMATION FOR THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
A. Bozhechkova, P. Trunin, A. Evseev, M. Chembulatova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 11

Abstract
The duration of monetary shocks in the economy is often explained not just by price rigidity, but also by the slow dissemination of information and the inertia of economic agents' expectations. Many methods for the information rigidity assessment are presented in the foreign scientific literature, but few such works exist in Russia. Therefore, the study of the information rigidity in the Russian economy is highly relevant. The subject of the study is information rigidity. The goal of this work is to study monetary policy in Russia, considering price rigidity and information rigidity. To achieve the goal of the study, we set the following objectives: a review of the models of imperfect information and methods of validating the hypotheses of these models’ compliance with the factual data based on a review of theoretical and empirical literature, data collection, validating the hypothesis of existence of imperfect information, obtaining quantitative estimates of information rigidity using the data for Russia. Research methods include statistical and econometric methods of time series analysis. We used data of consensus forecasts of professional analysts from Bloomberg and Interfax agencies, forecasts of the Ministry of Economic Development for the period from 2006 to 2020. Conclusions of the study: information rigidity was observed for forecasts of all macroeconomic indicators considered; the estimates of information rigidity vary for different macroeconomic variables; we also discovered a decrease in the degree of information rigidity during periods of increased instability in the economy. The results make it possible to explain the inertia in the response of macroeconomic variables to various shocks, including monetary policy shocks, and can be used in general equilibrium models.
Abstract
The duration of monetary shocks in the economy is often explained not just by price rigidity, but also by the slow dissemination of information and the inertia of economic [...]
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Development of methodology and technologies for managing the health of people employed at life support enterprises and a continuous cycle in pandemic conditions
S. Kovalev, E. Yashina, K. Lukichev, P. Turzin, A. Generalov, A. Evseev

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 12

Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to develop a health management system for workers employed at life support and continuous cycle enterprises in the conditions of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Subject of research: health management system for employees of life support and continuous cycle enterprises in the conditions of the pandemic. Objective: to develop approaches to human capital management at life-support and continuous cycle enterprises, excluding the possibility of downtime due to attrition (sick and quarantined staff) during pandemics and avoiding the risk of mass infection of workers with repeated waves of epidemics. Scientific novelty is determined by the development of new methods and technologies of the occupational health management system for workers at life support and continuous cycle enterprises in the conditions of pandemics. The study was conducted at RANEPA in 2021, using a set of analytical methods, questionnaires and programming. Methods: observation; surveys, system analysis, socio-economic analysis; comparative legal analysis; theory of multi-agent systems; formal analysis of historical phenomena; elements of the theory of expert systems, database creation. Results: Data from the analysis of the compliance of legal relations and international experience in managing workers’ health and the specifics of the organization of life support and continuous cycle enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic; A model regulation on the health management service of life support and continuous cycle employees; A methodology for sociological research of organizational approaches by the subjects of the Russian Federation to ensure operation of continuous cycle enterprises in the conditions of increased emergency preparedness; Methodology of expert evaluation of investment projects in the field of workers’ health protection of workers and health management of workers at life support and continuous cycle enterprises during the actual pandemics; Methodological recommendations; Computer program "Interactive testing of knowledge in the field of healthy lifestyle, environmental well-being and prevention of coronavirus infection
Abstract
The relevance of the study is due to the urgent need to develop a health management system for workers employed at life support and continuous cycle enterprises in the conditions [...]
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Digital transformation in assessments and perceptions of university teachers
D. Rogozin, O. Solodovnikova, E. Vyugovskaya

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 13

Abstract
This paper is based on the findings of the research work “Modern methodology for analyzing the process and effectiveness of distance education”, conducted by the team of the Field Research Center of the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting (RANEPA) in 2021. Since the beginning of the pandemic, our colleagues at the Field Research Center have conducted three waves of survey among university teachers dedicated to the urgent transition to distance learning and the ongoing digital transformation of universities. The results of the last third wave (April-May 2021) are presented in this paper. The hypotheses proposed at the start of the project have been confirmed: the respondents’ attitude to distance learning gets back to normal over time, and “hybrid” or mixed form of education begins to be perceived as a norm. However, these processes continue to take place in contrast to the stagnant problems in higher education. The overlapping of problems that have arisen due to the complexity of the higher education administration reform at its different stages creates a diversity of risks and opportunities in the process of digital transformation. The authors of this work would like not only to describe the current situation and the objective difficulties accompanying any changes, but present a map of the “bottlenecks” of modern distance learning, the “anxious moods” of certain social groups within the teaching community. The attention focused on these groups can relieve the stress of the transition to distance learning.
Abstract
This paper is based on the findings of the research work “Modern methodology for analyzing the process and effectiveness of distance education”, conducted by the [...]
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New trends in reproductive behaviour
A. Makarentseva, E. Seredkina

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 14

Abstract
To develop an effective demographic and family policy, one has to understand the reproductive behavior features and attitudes of the younger generations. These features largely determine the current and future fertility levels. Firstly, this study aims to analyze the prospects of childlessness in Russia. Secondly, we analyze mating and reproductive behavior as well as the reproductive attitudes of the generation born in the 1990s. We reviewed Russian and foreign literature in the field of mating and reproductive behavior, analyzed statistical data and findings of the representative surveys “Person, Family, Society” (2020), “Generations and Gender Survey” (2011) performed by the RANEPA Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting.
Abstract
To develop an effective demographic and family policy, one has to understand the reproductive behavior features and attitudes of the younger generations. These features largely [...]
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MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF THE ACHIEVABILITY OF RUSSIA'S NATIONAL GOALS, CONSIDERING THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Y. Pleskachev, Y. Ponomarev

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 15

Abstract
Changes in all spheres of life due to the COVID-19 pandemic substantiate the relevance of this study. Its main objective was to assess the impact of the epidemic on the implementation of national projects and new national development goals. The subject of the research is theoretical and practical issues of building a system of strategic planning and monitoring of national goals, considering the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that updated national goals allowed setting the necessary accents, taking into account the impact of the pandemic; in particular, much more attention was paid to digital transformation. The main conclusion, as shown by a detailed examination, is that updating the goals and adjusting the passports of national projects made it possible to increase their interconnection with each other, and updating the Unified Plan for Achieving National Goals helped identify gaps in the set of measures aimed at achieving national goals. These gaps are intended to be filled by social and economic development initiatives that have been assessed in terms of their impact on the progress towards the national goals. Further areas of research include assessing the attainability of national goals depending on the success of updating the passports of national projects.
Abstract
Changes in all spheres of life due to the COVID-19 pandemic substantiate the relevance of this study. Its main objective was to assess the impact of the epidemic on the implementation [...]
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TECHNOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES: FACTORS OF CONTAINMENT AND ACCELERATION
N. Kurakova, V. Zinov, E. Olga, L. Tsvetkova, F. Kurakov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 16

Abstract
Relevance. The role of universities in contemporary social and economic systems of various countries is undergoing significant changes and involves the actualization of approaches to defining the functions of educational organizations. At the same time, university startups are viewed as the most dynamic elements of regional economies, capable of creating export-oriented science-intensive products and new high-tech jobs. The transformation and development of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems using universities as a trigger for academic entrepreneurship involves the stimulation by the authorities of the constituent entities of the federation of the start-ups establishment process by universities in cooperation with local or global enterprises of the real sector of the economy. The objective of this study is to analyze the factors that stimulate academic technological entrepreneurship, as well as barriers that impede the implementation of business ideas of university employees and students, related, inter alia, to the commercialization of the results of intellectual activity (RIAs). The subject of study is the individual elements of entrepreneurial ecosystems and the degree of their influence on the acceleration of the technological development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The study used general scientific analytical methods (case study, content analysis, comparative analysis). The sources of information were Russian and foreign scientific publications, official data of state authorities, the Bloomberg Terminal analytical system. Based on the results of the study, an overview of foreign practice of stimulating academic entrepreneurship is presented, key factors that determine the productivity of startup ecosystems of the world's leading universities and critical barriers that hinder the development of domestic technological entrepreneurial ecosystems are highlighted. The conducted study allows us to draw the following conclusions. In the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it is not possible to find the entire set of basic factors that contribute to the involvement of RIAs created at the local universities into the regional economy, as well as the inclusion of startups founded by graduates or employees of universities in the horizontal network interaction. Critical barriers to the development of technological ecosystems include the following. There are no universities in the regions demonstrating global academic leadership (excellence). Academic entrepreneurship in regional universities of Russia is not institutionalized. Regional and national support for academic entrepreneurship does not include such an important element as creating a market for innovative university products at the regional, national and international levels. Universities have not created sufficient inter-university and intra-university venture and endowment funds, which causes a shortage of seed investments in technology projects developed on the basis of universities. Academic entrepreneurship is not facilitated by the structure of the existing body of young researchers, dominated by bachelors, while masters and graduate students only make up a small share of researchers. The low level of financial support for graduate students forces 90% of them to combine research activities with labor, and 80% of working graduate students find work outside the university, depriving the young researchers’ scientific and technological activities of a systemic nature. Most regional domestic universities still do not have an effective technology transfer system as a tool for harmonizing the interests of the authors of technical solutions and the university. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the proposed broad approach to the creation of legal conditions supporting deeper involvement of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and business in the management of universities and in the implementation of development programs. The study substantiates the need to radically relax legal regulation, control and supervisory activities in relation to universities and to enshrine in law the right to risk for those ready to implement ambitious development projects. It is shown that direct support of promising teams at universities requires more autonomy for educational and scientific departments of the universities, including the right of separation, and targeted grant support to world-class teams with the right to move to another university, which would involve a radical revision of the role and functions of the rectors and Boards of Directors of the Universities. The authors emphasize the need to change approaches to the management of the property complex of universities; review the approaches to mergers and acquisitions of universities and scientific organizations in order to fundamentally transform the university management system and open it to beneficiaries. The recommendations for accelerating the institutional transformation of regional universities in Russia into entrepreneurial universities and the formation of university ecosystems include using a set of measures aimed at solving the problem of attracting seed funding for student startups; transforming the university management systems and opening them to beneficiaries; building the students’ educational paths depending on the needs of the founding student's startup; creating a network of university technology transfer centers; reforming the graduate school and creating a favorable environment for technological creativity.
Abstract
Relevance. The role of universities in contemporary social and economic systems of various countries is undergoing significant changes and involves the actualization of approaches [...]
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ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPHERE OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
P. Gluhov, A. Popov

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 17

Abstract
Today, the sphere of additional education for children is undergoing modernization processes, which, on the one hand, provide wider access to budget funds for private organizations and expand the individual capabilities of children, and on the other hand, are perceived by state organizations as restrictive measures aimed at withdrawing traditional funding. The processes of tightening the requirements and the development of supervision and control institutions in the originally liberal system of additional education for children are becoming noticeable. The purpose of the study is to identify qualitative trends in further development of the competitive environment and to propose optimal measures for neutralizing the negative effects hindering the development of the free market for educational services using empirical materials from the examination and analysis of the modernization progress in specific regions of the Russian Federation. The main methods include a full-scale assessment of the activities of organizational and managerial structures at the regional level with partial interviewing of the implementing subjects of the Target Model for the Development of Regional Systems of Continuing Education for Children, along with a high-quality examination of the documents adopted at the regional level. As a result of the study, it was possible to establish contradictions in the operations of educational systems at the municipal level, which indirectly result in unequal access to public funds for educational service providers, thereby limiting competition. As a result, a set of specific measures and changes in the regulatory framework is proposed to eliminate these contradictions. Further research prospects may be associated with a re-examination of the processes of modernization of regional systems of additional education for children, aimed at fixing established management models and assessing their effectiveness in terms of the private sector involvement, its legalization and institutional influence.
Abstract
Today, the sphere of additional education for children is undergoing modernization processes, which, on the one hand, provide wider access to budget funds for private organizations [...]
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Professional qualifications of teaching staff of general and vocational education and training
G. Golub, L. Fishman, V. Prudnikova

RUSSIAN PRESIDENTIAL ACADEMY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (2022). 18

Abstract
The object of the research is the professional qualifications of teaching staff in the Russian general and vocational education and training system in the context of qualification requests of types of professional activity, requirements of the current professional standards, and the targets of national educational development programs. The purpose of the research is to scientifically substantiate and test in practice the technology of modeling prospective labor functions and the corresponding professional qualifications of teachers of the general education system in the context of changing demands of the labor market and customers of the education industry. Main results and conclusions. The qualification requirements to teachers of the general and vocational education and training system, as well as corresponding professional qualifications and characteristics, are provided in the descriptors of the Sectoral Qualifications Framework in Education. The actual labor functions of a teacher in the vocational education and training system, a form master, a methodologist have been established, as well as a list of prospective labor functions of the teaching staff, which need to be institutionalized in the short term to ensure adequate response by educational organizations to changing requirements and demands to the processes and results of its work. The research has revealed the value put on the relevance of actual labor functions and the demand for promising labor functions of teaching staff by the employers in the industry. The ideas of employers in the field of education about the ways of building a professional career as a teacher are summarized. Contradictions are revealed between industry employers’ recognition of the diversification of pedagogical activity context in an educational organization and the stable professional and social stereotype of a "universal teacher". The hypothesis of hybridization of labor functions as a basic way of development of the sectoral qualification system in the field of education has been confirmed
Abstract
The object of the research is the professional qualifications of teaching staff in the Russian general and vocational education and training system in the context of qualification [...]
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Automated in situ consolidation process for pre-impregnated carbon fibers: a cyber physical approach
J. Rodrigues, F. Silva, J. Santos, J. S.Tavares, . L.Pina

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 03 - Comunicaciones Matcomp17 (2019), (Núm. 3 - Procesos de Fabricación II y Materiales Avanzados), 14

Abstract
The concept known as the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) has developed a wide field of study, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT), with the objective to achieve enhancing the processes performance of automated systems. This work focuses on the field of CPS for an in situ consolidation machine, which handles pre-impregnated, in this case unidirectional carbon fiber tapes with polyamide 6, in order to create composite laminates. The physical model involves an unwinding system that feeds the tape into a turning table through a pressing mechanism, which has a radiation heater before and refrigeration after the presser to guarantee the composite temperature. The objective is to model and simulate the heating process before, during and after the pressing mechanism to feed an optimization algorithm in order to calculate the optimal working parameters such as heaters power, heater positioning and process speed taking into account the temperatures of the tape, to avoid overheating and to improve process time. The results are processed, so that they can send and receive data constantly, to an optimization system to alter parameters, without making programing code changes and avoiding the need to stop the consolidation. The CPS can handle different classes of pre-impregnated composites, by learning during the consolidation process, in order to improve the overall result, without the need of fully or partially reprograming the code, which a main characteristic of CPS.
Abstract
The concept known as the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) has developed a wide field of study, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) [...]
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Development of flame retardant composites manufactured by ultraviolet cured pultrusion
I. Tena, I. Saenz-Dominguez, . J.Torre, L. Aretxabaleta, M. Sarrionandia, J. Aurrekoetxea

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 04 - Comunicaciones Matcomp19 (2020), (Núm. 2 - Procesos de Fabricación y Técnicas de Unión), 18

Abstract
Composites are on the strategic agendas of all manufacturers of transport sector (automobile, industrial vehicle, bus, train ...) and civil infrastructure. The development of new manufacturing processes such as out of die ultraviolet (UV) cured pultrusion can realise many concepts that are currently unfeasible. Therefore, it is essential that composites for automotive, transport or civil infraestructure present excellent fire resistance properties, particularly for structural applications. There are multiple strategies to improve the fire resistance of composites, but the peculiarities of the UV pultrusion process require the use of systems that allow the transmission of UV light through the material, and ensure a fast curing of the profile at the exit of the die to prevent expansion problems. Hence, different ignifugant strategies have been studied in this work: fillers or additives (alumina tri-hydrate, ATH), reactive compounds (ammonium polyphosphate, APP) and intumescent coatings. After analysing the different flame retardant strategies, it has been concluded that all the strategies improve the fire resistance capacity with respect to the base formulation, being the ATH and the intumescent coating the ones that present greater fireproof capacity.
Abstract
Composites are on the strategic agendas of all manufacturers of transport sector (automobile, industrial vehicle, bus, train ...) and civil infrastructure. The development [...]
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A BP neural network-based micro particle parameters calibration and an energy criterion for the application of strength reduction method in MatDEM to evaluate 3D slope stability
W. Jiang, Y. Tan, J. Yan, Y. Ouyang, Z. Fu, Q. Feng

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (1), 3

Abstract
To enhance the applicability of discrete element method in 3D slope stability analysis, a BP neural network-based micro parameter calibration method and an energy criterion are proposed by taking MatDEM as an example. Firstly, the relationship between the micro particle parameters and the shear strengths of particle aggregate are represented by using the BP neural network. And then the micro particle parameters are obtained for the given shear strengths by using a correction calibration. Next, the energy conversions are investigated for the stable and instable slope models in MatDEM. From a view of practical application, the abrupt in variation tendency and magnitude of the kinetic energy is selected for indicating the emergence of the limit equilibrium state of a slope. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed improvements is testified by taking Baijiabao landslide as an example. Results verify that the calibration method established in this study is applicable to provide the micro particle parameters when the shear strength is constantly reduced, and the factor of safety determined by the kinetic energy criterion reflects the landslide stability at the global level.
Abstract
To enhance the applicability of discrete element method in 3D slope stability analysis, a BP neural network-based micro parameter calibration method and an energy criterion [...]
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Parallel computing for reducing time in security constrained optimal power flow analysis
D. Alvarez, D. Rodriguez, S. Rivera

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (1), 4

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach for solving the security-constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) optimization problem using parallel Computing. In this approach, switched shunt banks, generation power ramp, and demand response are considered in the SCOPF by maximizing the market surplus during regular operation and for a set of contingencies of branches and generators. The optimization problem is solved using the Nonlinear Interior Point Method. The contingency assessment is paralleled in multiple CPU cores to decrease the computation time. Additionally, the test systems used in ARPA-GO competition were used and compared with the ARPA benchmark results to assess the proposed algorithm. The numerical results show this method is suitable for fast SCOPF using paralleling Computing.
Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach for solving the security-constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) optimization problem using parallel Computing. In this approach, switched [...]
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Passive periodic motion of an asymmetric spring loaded inverted pendulum hopping robot
Y. Ni, X. Meng

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (1), 2

Abstract
For improving the energy efficiency of hopping robot, an asymmetric spring loaded inverted pendulum hopping model with leg mass is considered. The period orbit problem of one-legged hopping robot is investigated. Firstly, the hybrid dynamic model is constructed. Then the passive hopping gaits are found using quasi-newton optimization method. Secondly, a PD controller is implemented to track the desired pitch trajectory of the body. Through applying control during stance phase, period orbits of the robot with offset body mass is obtained. Finally, the effect of the location of the leg mass and the body mass on hopping performances is investigated.
Abstract
For improving the energy efficiency of hopping robot, an asymmetric spring loaded inverted pendulum hopping model with leg mass is considered. The period orbit problem of [...]
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Construction monitoring and finite element simulation of assembly support for large cantilever cover beam
C. Qu, H. Fang, Q. Feng

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (1), 1

Abstract
The study on the assembly support for the large cantilevered cover beam was carried out by conducting real-time monitoring on the assembly frames’ strain and displacement development processes in the actual project. Modeling of the support and numerical simulation for actual working conditions were presented. The monitoring data and analysis results show that the overall stress ratio of the support was less than 30%. And as the concrete structure being supported hardened, the support frame was unloaded. When the stress ratio was then reduced to less than 10%, it was the most appropriate time to remove the bracing frame. The maximum strain from the simulation did not exceed 66.26% of the theoretical maximum strain of the rod. The actual construction conditions and the spatial form of the support affected the force situation, resulting in the deviation from the theoretical maximum strain at certain phases. The analysis results and trends reflect the low utilisation rate of such framing rods. The results of the study can be used as a reference for the topology optimisation of assembled support frames for large cantilevered cover beams.
Abstract
The study on the assembly support for the large cantilevered cover beam was carried out by conducting real-time monitoring on the assembly [...]
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Characterisation of mechanical behaviour of fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites subjected to off-axis compressive loading
Y. Ma, Y. Li, L. Liu

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2023). Vol. 39, (1), 5

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation on the mechanisms of damage onset and evolution in unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites subjected to off-axis compressive loadings. A test fixture was designed to prevent buckling, splitting and end collapsing of specimens during test. A series of compression tests were conducted with specimens of various off-axis angles. Different failure mechanisms and nonlinear stress-strain responses were observed and studied. The fracture angles of the tested specimens were evaluated and analysed according to Puck’s theory. The off-axis compression failure envelope based on LaRC05 and Hashin criteria was presented using finite element analysis and compared to experimental results. It is shown that the LaRC05 criterion can provide accurate predictions for matrix cracking failure mode of unidirectional thermoplastic composites controlled by compression-shear combined stresses.
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation on the mechanisms of damage onset and evolution in unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) [...]
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TOWARDS COPOLYMERISATION OF STEREOSPECIFIC PROPYLENE NANOCOMPOSITES WITH POLAR COMONOMERS BY IN SITU POLYMERISATION. OPTIMISING MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
K. Nuñez-Carrero, M. Asensio, J. Guerrero, M. Herrero, J. Pastor

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 07 - COMUNICACIONES MATCOMP21 (2022), (Núm. 3 - Materiales y Estructuras - Modelos Numéricos), 2

Abstract
The use of different stereospecific metallocene catalysts: isotactic (iPP, C2-symmetry) and syndiotactic (sPP, Cs-symmetry) has been investigated in order to improve the mechanical properties of polypropylene/nanoclay nanocomposites obtained by in-situ polymerisation. Stereoregular nanocomposites have been synthetized in the presence of polar comonomers (1-undecenol (R-OH) and acid-undecenoic (R-COOH) for improving the matrix-nanoclay chemical compatibility. An important study of variables: amount of nanoparticles used as co-catalyst support, type of catalyst, type and amount of comonomer have been studied in a full factorial design of experiments in order to identify the main factors that achieve a balance between the stiffness and toughness of the polypropylene nanocomposites. Important results were found from ANOVA (analysis of variance): the nanoclay has a greater influence on the syndiotactic configuration and, the amount of polar comonomer is the main factor in maximising mechanical properties, irrespective of stereospecificity of the polypropylene nanocomposites.
Abstract
The use of different stereospecific metallocene catalysts: isotactic (iPP, C2-symmetry) and syndiotactic (sPP, Cs-symmetry) has been investigated in order to improve the mechanical [...]
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AUTOMATIZATION IN NEW MANUFACTURING APPROACHES FOR BODY SHELL APPLICATIONS
A. Gutierrez, L. Mera, L. Carral, I. Coto, F. Ansedes, M. Plettig, S. Renner

Materiales Compuestos (2023). Vol. 07 - COMUNICACIONES MATCOMP21 (2022), (Núm. 3 - Materiales y Estructuras - Modelos Numéricos), 12

Abstract
The transport sector has exerted and continue to be the driving force for the development of new materials and lightweight solutions. The present study focuses on the work developed in a European project (CARBODIN https://carbodin.eu/) where one of the main objectives is to develop innovative and affordable solutions for advanced car body shells. Thus, contributing to the development of the next generation of passenger trains that will be lighter as well as more energy- and cost-efficient. Composite materials appear to be one of the most promising candidates to attain these ambitious targets. Therefore, new strategies to achieve greater automation are presented as novel manufacturing routes and offer a cost-effective industrial solution. This study has allowed the integration of unconventional technologies, such as AFP, within conventional production systems, such as VIP, which is the key to developing sustainable units, overcoming the common difficulties associated with processing and achieving the modularity of the manufacturing process and the reduction of the weight of the final rail structure. For this reason, a comparison of the manufacture of both monolithic composites and sandwich structures have been obtained through the VIP process, manufactured in an automated and manual way. Several automated approaches have been studied, with the choice of the robotized lay up of bindered dry fibers. An out of autoclave manufacturing was assisted through different monitoring technologies such as resin arrival sensors and thermography in order to ensure high quality components.
Abstract
The transport sector has exerted and continue to be the driving force for the development of new materials and lightweight solutions. The present study focuses on the work [...]
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