Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

La educación según la Real Academia de Educación es desarrollar o perfeccionar las facultades intelectuales y morales del niño o joven que permitirán capacitarlo para una correcta toma de decisiones, especialmente cuando se integre en la vida adulta.  En este sentido la educación juega un rol fundamental en el desarrollo económico e innovación de un país.

Las competencias que debe desarrollar serán aquellas que el joven va a requerir para integrarse con efectividad a su lugar de trabajo y poderlo mantener a lo largo de su vida activa, así como todas las otras dimensiones que le permitirán tener una vida personal, social y familiar satisfactoria. 

El sistema educativo español se caracteriza por un alto índice de fracaso escolar específicamente del 20% aunque estos datos son preocupantes reflejan una tendencia positiva dado que en 2005 la tasa era del 31%.

Acorde a la LOMCE - Ley Orgánica 8/2013, de 9 de diciembre, para la mejora de la calidad educativa-  una de las siete competencias básicas que debe desarrollar la educación obligatoria es la competencia matemática que incluye aplicar el razonamiento matemático para resolver cuestiones de la vida cotidiana.

Un aspecto clave que formará parte de su vida cotidiana y que debe velar la enseñanza obligatoria es la denominada “alfabetización financiera” especialmente en nuestros días, dónde la globalización y los cambios económicos han tenido un fuerte impacto en la construcción de los modelos del siglo XXI y desde la educación se debe proporcionar las herramientas básicas para comprender el mundo económico en el que estamos inmersos.  Según la Comisión Nacional de Mercado de Valores –CNMV-(2008): “Hoy día la práctica totalidad de las decisiones importantes en la vida de una persona tienen un componente financiero que afecta no sólo al individuo que las toma, sino también a su entorno personal y familiar”.

Esta presentación muestra los resultados para entender el nivel de la alfabetización financiera actual. El estudio cuantitativo basado a partir de un cuestionario a 97 alumnos de ESO en Cataluña demuestra la necesidad de reforzar algunas líneas de acción para una futura integración efectiva de los jóvenes a la edad adulta.

Abstract

This paper attempts to shed light on the redistributive effect of childcare policies in Catalonia. To this purpose, it examines the impact of a 2004 law aimed at increasing public childcare coverage for under three years-old in Catalonia on the participation in formal childcare for families from different socio-economic backgrounds. The policy is in line with the idea that high quality early childcare is more effective in reducing early life disadvantages than interventions in late childhood and adulthood. Nevertheless, several authors have warned that childcare policies may suffer from the so-called Matthew effect; i.e take-up rates of subsidised childcare are higher for high income groups than low income groups. This is especially the case when female labour force participation is highly stratified, coverage is low and working parents are prioritized in the access to public childcare; three conditions that, with some nuances, were present in the Catalan case prior to the reform. The paper exploits the uneven increase in public coverage across districts (comarques, in Catalan) to analyse its impact on the socio-economic participation gap. Given that the goal of the policy was not to attain full coverage but rather to reach EU recommendations of 30% coverage, it might be that the main beneficiaries of the increase in public coverage are middle-income classes who due to the lack of supply were previously relying on informal or private childcare. The paper uses Panell de Desigualtats Socials a Catalunya (PaD) database from Bofill Foundation, which has individual and household panel data of 5,785 individuals followed from 2001 until 2012. The dataset includes all necessary socio-economic information and, under the Secure Access Agreement, the household district (comarques) and municipality. The paper uses district fixed effects to alleviate endogeneity concerns. Yearly and district data on childcare coverage is taken from the Catalan Education department and Idescat. 

Abstract

En nuestros tiempos los cambios económicos globales han tenido un fuerte impacto en la construcción de los modelos del siglo XXI. Asimismo, el ejercicio responsable del consumo precisa desarrollar competencias para un uso racional de los recursos económicos. La alfabetización financiera en este sentido, es clave para dotar a la ciudadanía de las adecuadas competencias para poder gestionar las finanzas individuales y colectivas a fin de conseguir indicadores financieros equilibrados, huyendo de endeudamientos excesivos o sencillamente de la exclusión financiera. De esta manera garantizamos que, la ciudadanía pueda evaluar con mayor efectividad las ganancias o pérdidas potenciales de una determinada operación financiera y contribuir al ejercicio de una ciudadanía responsable. Analizamos a continuación si desde la educación obligatoria se puede o debe facilitar el proceso de alfabetización económica y financiera que proporcione las herramientas básicas al futuro ciudadano para entender el mundo económico en el que se está inmerso.

Abstract

Reflection “Communication-Education” is not limited to the analysis of practices, teaching-learning methodologies, the role of subjects in the dyad or the ideological issue that crosses the educational policies, but discuss the triad “teacher-knowledge-student” every time in a historical context. The binomial referred should also be enriched by scientific inquiry, which accounts for (among many other aspects) effective job placement of professionals (conceived as the fruit of this educational process of “Communication-Education”) in the immediate organizational environment of the higher education institutions. With this objective in view, an exploratory research was carried out (as a first and necessary step) to know more about the demand of social communicators in organizations (public, private or mixed) in the city of Chilecito, province of La Rioja (Argentina), an area which National University of Chilecito is inserted in period 2013-2014.

Organizations are areas of professional intervention for Social Communicators with Institutional orientation: it is a wide and complex area of socio-cultural, administrative, economic, financial, political and ideological realities where they can deploy versatility of the competences and skills acquired during their degree training. On the other hand, investigating characteristics of the demand of these professionals constitutes a valuable resource at the moment of recognizing the feasibility and suitability of educational offer. These aspects have been the main motivations that have guided the development of the present paper.

Abstract

From the exhibition of some forms of organization communication theories, this text looks for to identify the theoretical foundations that they allow to characterize like interdisciplinary to the field of the communication, mainly marked by the contributions of social sciences like sociology, the economy and social psychology, among others. Once identified the main characteristics of the history of the communicational thought, some parameters set out to update the field of the theories of the communication, a dynamic and changing field, mainly by the own particularities of the communicative phenomenon, put under changes and continuous modifications. In last instance, some epistemological and pedagogical reflections consider that they try to help to make more dynamics communication theories field, from seeing the paper which they play in the construction of the study objects of the field and in the formation of professionals of the communication.

Abstract

This article presents research describing gender roles offered to boys and girls from Christmas toy advertising through broadcast television in Lima. These messages provide content that lead to the adoption of stereotypical gender roles from an early age, which are perpetuated throughout life. This article has been worked on a multidisciplinary approach and from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. Analysis was performed first toy market in Lima, the number of spots broadcast during the Christmas season, and then select the most emission spots and analyze how gender representations proposed. The different and complementary looks seek to understand this reality and how widespread evidence to bring these campaigns to propose new ways to build more equitable sexuality advertising.