Abstract

The paper presents means and models of city-landscape characteristic structure construction on the aspect of landscape aesthetics subjects, which is called the landscape characteristic aesthetic structure and in short as LCAS. In this paper, the steps of LCAS research are as follows: Describes the concepts of the landscape characteristic aesthetic structure (LCAS), and expounds the LCAS properties: systematic quality, temporal and spatial quality, and virtual existence. Learns from typology research methods, discusses the elements and types needed in a landscape characteristic aesthetic system, and constructs research method for LCAS pattern. As for the temporal dimension, the dynamic evolution and interaction expressed in LCAS between the “tradition” and “modernity” landscapes conflict. As for the spatial dimension, this paper explores the LCAS patterns in macroscopic scope of city group, the middle scope of single cities and the microcosmic scope of urban spaces with questionnaires and examples research. Uses pattern language to express different LCAS types in the temporal and spatial system. We develop the patterns of various LCAS types with graphical patterned representation, as well as construct the LCAS research method and theory which is based on the general peoples aesthetic standards and sensibilities to build city characteristics and urban landscapes as a guidance.

Abstract

Sarkar and Kay (2019). OpenStreetMap as Space In: Minghini, M., Grinberger, A.Y., Juhász, L., Yeboah, G., Mooney, P. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Academic Track at the State of the Map 2019, 19-20. Heidelberg, Germany, September 21-23, 2019. Available at https://zenodo.org/communities/sotm-2019 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3387699

Abstract

Space agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States, the Russian Federal Space Agency, the European Space Agency, the China National Space Administration, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, and Indian Space Research Organization, although differing in their local political agendas, have a common interest in promoting all applied sciences that may facilitate man’s adaptation to life beyond the earth. One of man’s most important adaptations has been the evolutionary development of sleep cycles in response to the 24 hour rotation of the earth. Less well understood has been man’s biological response to gravity. Before humans ventured into space, many questioned whether sleep was possible at all in microgravity environments. It is now known that, in fact, space travelers can sleep once they leave the pull of the earth’s gravity, but that the sleep they do get is not completely refreshing and that the associated sleep disturbances can be elaborate and variable. According to astronauts’ subjective reports, the duration of sleep is shorter than that on earth and there is an increased incidence of disturbed sleep. Objective sleep recordings carried out during various missions including the Skylab missions, space shuttle missions, and Mir missions all support the conclusion that, compared to sleep on earth, the duration in human sleep in space is shorter, averaging about six hours. In the new frontier of space exploration, one of the great practical problems to be solved relates to how man can preserve “normal” sleep in a very abnormal environment. The challenge of managing fatigue and sleep loss during space mission has critical importance for the mental efficiency and safety of the crew and ultimately for the success of the mission itself. Numerous "earthly" examples now show that crew fatigue on ships, trucks, and long-haul jetliners can lead to inadequate performance and sometimes fatal consequences, a reality which has caused many space agencies to take the issue of sleep seriously.

Abstract

This paper analyses how Vicent Andrés Estellés treats the city in his poems according to the degree of proximity between the poet and the reality on the ground. The works studied remit to any period of concrete production, but that they are disseminated along all the path of the poet because of the constant presence that the space has. We will focus on explaining the two ways that the poet has to represent the city: on the one hand when this is presented like an otherness observed by the poet and, on the other hand, when the poet lives it since the vicinity. With the aim to do reference to the different places significant that configure the identity of the poet.

Abstract

The ancient structures of the tribes in the globe yearn to conserve. It marks th eir races as natives of those places. Nowadays, some of those buildings have lost through natures and cultures. This study aims to get the pieces of knowledge of the Dayak Ngaju tribe. In a structure that calls as Betang. It formed of bases, cavities, floors, walls, and roofs. As known, some of these buildings have ruined, only a few of them still stand. The methods of research led to qualitative and descriptive. It is the way to get the results. At first, Betang reviewed through the critical comparisons of the elements and space backgrounds. Then, took some points in the hypotheses, once it structures analyzed. With the processed amongst functions, ties, measures, forms, and its parts fit the old. Hence, the appraisal gave the rest of the structures formed in percentages. These sums use as conservation values. The reviews were on the profer Dayak villages sort of Tumbang Gagu, Anoi, Malahoi, and Korik. It gave samples through sketches, pictures, and some interviews. It helped to finish the research. Study proves that Betang has left 42% off its old structured elements. It is a form that shaped the spaces.