Abstract

Structural fire resistance, as integral part of structural design, is determined by testing or by calculations. This paper is focused on statically indeterminate structures where thermal expansion is restrained and significant internal forces occur in the structure leading to possible plasticization and subsequent redistribution of internal forces. In this paper different approaches of fire resistance testing are described, together with brief description of two experiments focussed on verification of behaviour of a statically indeterminate steel frame exposed to high temperature which were carried out at VŠB-TU Ostrava. The paper is complemented with calculation of steel and concrete simple frame structure exposed to elevated temperature.

Abstract

FIBRESHIP (H2020, Grant 723360) is an ambitious innovation project funded by the European Commission, which is participated by 18 European partners led by the Spanish company TSI. The main objective of FIBRESHIP is to overcome the great technical challenge of replacing the metallic materials currently used for the construction of large-lenght vessels for composite materials.

To carry out this task, this project is addressed from different points of view: i) shipping market and bussiness analysis of composite vessels, ii) analysis and numerical modeling of the materials selected, iii) development of the structural design using a finite element analysis software, and, iv) analysis of the construction and assembly procedures, structural health monitoring techniques, and ship life cycle.

The study and implementation of this technology for the construction of large-length composite vessels is carried out through the design of three types of vessels over 50 meters, which are considered as the most promising in the market: a container ship of 245 meters length, a ROPAX of 185 meters and a special service oceanographic vessel of 80 meters. In addition, specific numerical models are being developed and validated through experimental testing campaigns. Eventually, different structural health monitoring strategies and production models adapted to this technology.

Abstract

Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) materials are widely used in the construction of small-length vessels due to their light weight and high strength to weight ratio. However, the use of FRP materials in vessels above 50 m length is only allowed to secondary structural elements of the vessel. Hence, it is necessary to promote the creation of new regulatory frameworks to permit the construction of large-length vessels using composite laminates in all parts of the vessel structure to enable the development of this interesting technology for the reduction of weight. FIBRESHIP proposes to create a new market focused on the construction of large-length vessels based uniquely on lightweight composites. The results of this project are attracting considerable interest within the shipping industry as the extensive use of FRP materials in large-length vessels induces an important reduction of the weight with respect to the conventional steel ships. This significant weight reduction decreases the vessel bunkering consumption, increases the payload cargo capacity, and avoids the corrosion phenomena in the vessel among other identified benefits.

Abstract

Low flammable foam-like materials based on renewable bio-based polymers and sodium montmorillonite clay (MMT) were created using water as a solvent and following a simple freeze-drying process. Composites were formed by adding layers of the previously created gel precursors to a Polyvinyl alcohol / MMT based aerogel. A multi-step and a one-pot processes were followed to make the multi-layered aerogels, and the resultant properties of the different processing systems were compared. Similar adhesion between layers was observed in both processes although the multi-step required a longer manufacturing time.

With the aim of improving the mechanical properties, chemical crosslinking of the Polyvinyl alcohol base was induced prior to lyophilization by immersing the material in a sodium borate solution. It was found that the mechanical response under compression was enhanced in regards to the non-crosslinked systems. A highly retardant composite material was fabricated by superposing an alginate/MMT at the external layer as the most promising system for fire protection

Abstract

FIBRESHIP (H2020, Grant 723360) es un ambicioso proyecto de innovacion naval financiado por la Comisión Europea, en el que participan 18 socios europeos que estan coordinados por la empresa española Tecnicas y Servicios de Ingenieria (TSI). El objetivo principal de FIBRESHIP es superar el gran desafio tecnologico que supone sustituir los materiales metalicos utilizados actualmente en la construcción de grandes buques por materiales compuestos.

Para llevar a cabo este reto, se está abordando el proyecto desde diferentes puntos de vista: i) análisis de negocio y potencial mercado de los buques; ii) análisis y modelado numérico de los materiales compuestos seleccionados para su construccion; iii) diseño estructural del barco usando programas de simulación numerica; y, iv) análisis de los procesos de construcción naval aplicadas a esta tecnología, de monitorización y de ciclo de vida.

El estudio e implantación de composites para la construccion de buques de gran eslora se está llevando a cabo a través del diseño de tres tipos de buques de más de 50 metros, los cuales son considerados como los más prometedores en el mercado: un portacontenedores de 245 metros de eslora entre perpendiculares, un ROPAX de 185 metros y un oceanográfico de 80 metros. Además, se están desarrollando modelos numéricos específicos los cuales están siendo validados a través de campañas de ensayos. Por ultimo, tambien se estan desarrollando diferentes estrategias de medición de salud estructural y modelos de producción adaptados a esta tecnología.

Abstract