Abstract

Abstract

Enforcing fundamental human rights is a constitutional obligation of the Russian Federation. In the digital age, the risks of human rights violations are increasing, making it increasingly relevant to implement a consistent state policy related specifically to data processing in public administration. The objective of this paper is to analyze the scientific and methodological approaches to enforcing fundamental human rights in data processing in public administration and the possibilities for consideration of human rights in the Russian public administration. The subject of the study includes scientific publications, court cases, international and national laws and regulations, including foreign countries. The study uses formal legal and historical legal methods, comparative legal method, method of legal interpretation, logical analysis, general scientific methods of classification and modeling. The results of the study are an analytical review of foreign and Russian scientific and methodological approaches to enforcing fundamental human rights in data processing in digital public administration; systematization of the basic legal grounds for enforcing fundamental human rights in data processing in public administration; the proposals for legal enforcement of fundamental human rights in data processing in the Russian public administration. The study allows drawing conclusions about the lack of attention in the Russian doctrine and practice to the issue of fundamental rights. Since Russian legislation in this area is based on the European model, the implementation of European approaches to data protection is recommended. It is necessary to create special legislation on data processing in public administration, to define the criteria for proper data processing and data storage, to differentiate the types of data collection and data processing, to ensure transparency. Based on advanced digital technologies, data processing rules in the public sector should be stricter and more transparent than in the private sector. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by insufficient regulation of data processing in public administration, where the constitutional function of enforcement and protection of fundamental human rights is not sufficiently regulated. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are to use the findings in the formation of an appropriate state policy to enforce fundamental human rights in data processing in the Russian public administration

Abstract

Digital transformation in governance is possible subject to a change in the corporate culture of the federal authorities. Training and a modern system of professional development of public authorities based on digital solutions and requiring digital skills are becoming the most important tool for changing culture. At the same time, the digitalization of the processes of organizing the professional development of civil servants is impossible without improving this system, including building interconnection with the development strategy of the state body (sphere, department), the system for assessing and motivating civil servants, and their career development. The approaches to planning the professional development of civil servants, quality assessment and examination of educational programs require updating. These processes must be based on modern digital solutions and services. The object of the research is the activities of state bodies and subdivisions regulating the sphere of professional development of civil servants. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for improving the system of professional development of public authorities in the context of the government digital transformation. The tasks are related to the analysis of the current state of the professional development system in public authorities, the development of proposals for improving the system of professional development in governance in the context of digitalization and client (citizen) centricity. The novelty of the research is determined by the introduction of new state data of the professional development system of civil servants and the proposed model of the system maturity levels under study. The research is based on a systemic approach and a comparative method. The following empirical methods are used: sociological research (in-depth interviews, polls of civil servants); analysis of documents, expert sessions; modeling. The result of the research was the development of proposals for improving the system of professional development in the aspect of creating unified methodological approaches to the professional development of civil servants. The main conclusions relate to the application of the maturity level model of this system and the possibility of its use to update the existing approaches and methodological tools. A special place is occupied by proposals for the improvement of the Unified Information System for Personnel Management of the State Civil Service of Russia (EISU KS) and the Unified Specialized Information Resource (EIR) services for professional development of civil servants. The results of research can be used in the interests of federal authorities and regional governments, the Office of the President of the Russian Federation for Civil 7 Service and Personnel, the Human Resources Department of the Government of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation to improve work on the professional development of civil servants. The prospects of the study are associated with the implementation of the proposed model of maturity levels and the development of methodological tools for moving to higher levels in terms of organizing professional development

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals remain relevant in times of crisis, especially such goals as eradicating poverty, inequality, ensuring economic growth, developing innovation and infrastructure. Achieving these goals is where small and medium-sized enterprises can play a key role. An analysis of the EU countries’ experience in the application of entrepreneurship support measures is of particular interest for the prompt adjustment of the Russian SME support policy, since they take into account not only short-term political and economic needs, but are aimed at achieving a long-term result - sustainable development. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the best foreign SME support practices in terms of achieving certain indicators of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The purpose of the work is to generalize the experience of SME support in the EU in connection with the implementation of sustainable development goals. For this, the following tasks have been set: establishing links between the SME activities and the implementation of the SDGs; analysis of support for various target groups of entrepreneurs in the context of achieving SDGs 8, 9 in the EU; analysis of anti-crisis support measures in the context of achieving SDGs 8, 9 in the EU. General scientific methods are applied - generalizations, comparisons, synthesis, inductive approach. The following conclusions and results were obtained in the study: SMEs contribute greatly to value creation, development and use of innovations, promoting employment, and they are most consistent with SDGs 8, 9; the main support measures include traditional loans and guarantees, subsidies, public procurement, tax incentives, as well as digital platforms, improving the digital skills of the population, financing scientific research; support for vulnerable groups of entrepreneurs is carried out through the promotion of entrepreneurship, the development of entrepreneurial skills and culture, information and advisory support, access to financing, development of entrepreneur networks and improvement of labor legislation; development of assistive technology to access support measures; provision of premises for doing business, coaching, mentoring. Among the recommendations for the Russian practice, it is necessary to note facilitating the SME access to financial resources, promoting entrepreneurship, creating networks of entrepreneurs in areas with different specifics, training entrepreneurs and the public in digital technologies, and providing special benefits for doing business to vulnerable groups of the population. Research prospects: analysis of the Russian experience of SME support in conjunction with the SDGs and generalization of the most effective practices in order to form an effective policy. 

Abstract

The development of e-commerce in the context of digitalization of the economy contributes to the introduction and expansion of opportunities for the use of new macro and microeconomic indicators based on big data to study inflationary processes. The relevance of this work is determined by the fact that due to their availability and high frequency online prices of multi-channel retailers can be a more representative source of information for measuring and forecasting inflation levels than traditional data. Price indices based on online data made it possible to track price dynamics during the COVID-19 pandemic in real time. The main purpose of the study is to systematize the results of empirical work on the use of online trading data to analyze the features of inflationary processes (subject of the study). In addition, the work is aimed at exploring the possibilities of using online data and online price indices to predict offline prices. The achievement of the stated goal is facilitated by a review of academic literature devoted to the use of online price data for constructing high-frequency online indicators, measuring and forecasting the inflation rate, analyzing price dynamics in the online segment and comparing the rigidity of online prices and prices in traditional retail (tasks of research). The study was conducted using relevant academic literature and as the major source of information and methods such as descriptive, statistical, graphical analysis, a systematic approach, and comparative analysis. Based on the results of the study of the empirical experience of using online price data, it can be concluded that at present, online trade data are intensively used by foreign statistical agencies to build high-frequency price indices and can serve as a representative source of information about the level of inflation. Nevertheless, the review revealed that the official CPI was not replicated completely in any of the existing studies due to the high complexity of data collection and maintaining the database in working order (scientific novelty of the work). In this regard, the prospects for further research of the problem are presented in the maximum possible elimination of this shortcoming based on the previous world experience in the use of online price data and high frequency online indicators. The results of the review can be used in the interests of the monetary authorities of the Russian Federation to build forecast models of inflation, considering high-frequency online data on prices.

Abstract

Topical issues of the Russian state tax policy are referred to reducing administrative burden and increasing tax collection by means of information technologies being combined with the functions of tax authorities. Measures like that are usually included in the concept of digitalization. For recent years it has become one of the main priorities for the Federal Tax Service of Russia which are now strongly focused on increasing the transparency of financial and economic activities as well simplification of tax payment rules. And a single tax account represents a notable innovation in the area of the Russian tax administration. Objective and comprehensive analysis of its mechanism opens up a new direction in the study of tax digitalization which has a number of outstanding problems. The aim of the working paper is to formulate proposals concerning the pace of implementation of the single tax account on the basis of a balanced approach that takes into account the interests of both the state and economic entities. For this purpose, we identify advantages and benefits of tax payments consolidation along with limitations and risks. According to the results of the study we conclude that drastic mass implementation of the single tax account as a mandatory procedure for paying taxes outstrips the readiness of businesses to use it and can cause difficulties due to both possible technological failures for government and partial loss of control over financial flows for businesses. From this we argue that the better practice would be extending the experiment instead of accelerating the reform. Our recommendations are also to save the usual procedure for paying taxes until broad feedback is used for timely elimination of interaction shortcomings.

Abstract

The subject of the research work is legal relations in the fields of regulation of datacirculation; of the use of disruptive digital technologies (for example, blockchain, the internet of things, artificial intelligence, etc.), of the development of the platform economy, of the development of digital interaction between economic entities. The relevance of the study is prompted by the implementation of the federal project “Legal regulation of the digital environment”, which provides for the development and adoption of several legal acts aimed at removing the primary barriers against development of the digital economy in such areas as civil circulation, financial technologies, intellectual property, telecommunications, legal proceedings and notaries, standardization, etc. At the same time the project does not set the ambitious goals to remove the existing barriers in the field of the data regulation, which drive the digitalization of the economy, and which are related to, for example, the requirement for total data localization and to the binary approach to the definition of personal data, to create legal conditions for the large-scale implementation of breakthrough digital technologies, with regard to new regulatory requirements (for example, the functioning of artificial intelligence systems) and Russia's leadership in the development of the platform economy. Without solving these problems, it is impossible to ensure the digital transformation of the Russian economy. The novelty of the study is in that it suggests solutions to the tasks of creating a digital economy regulation system in Russia that consider the latest recommendations in this area and current challenges. The objective of the research work is to form proposals for eliminating legal barriers in the regulation of data circulation; the use of breakthrough digital technologies (for example, blockchain, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence, etc.), the development of platform economy, the development of digital interaction between economic entities. The research methodology includes methods of logical, systemic, and comparative analysis using Russian and foreign legal acts, and analytical materials of competent authors and international organizations. To achieve the objective, the following tasks are to be solved: − analysis of the impact of legal barriers in the regulation of data circulation, the use of digital technologies, and the operation of digital platforms on creating conditions for digital transformation of the economy. − analysis of the OECD standards for data circulation regulation, use of breakthrough digital technologies (for example, blockchain, internet of things, artificial intelligence, etc.), development of the platform economy, and development of digital interaction between economic entities. − analysis of the approaches of the OECD member states to the task of removing legal barriers to the digital transformation of the economy. − proposals for the elimination of legal barriers in the regulation of data circulation, the use of digital technologies, and the operation of digital platforms that impede the digital transformation of the Russian economy, also in the context of the application of restrictive economic measures against Russia, as well as retaliatory measures that may create risks for the development of the digital economy. The research resulted in the development of proposals for the elimination of legal barriers in the circulation regulation, the use of digital technologies, and the operation of digital platforms that impede the digital transformation of the Russian economy. The contribution of the study is prompted by the need to improve Russian legislation on the digital economy.

Abstract

The topic addressed in this research was about dating violence, talking about it from the face-to-face point of view and the digital point, that is to say online in the love relationships of young people; specifically this research was applied for the LGCH19 group of the Technological University of Queretaro, in which there are a total of 32 students, of which nine of them are men and twenty-three women, students of the Bachelor's degree in human capital management. The main general objective of the present study was to make known the most common online and offline dating violence factors, from a theoretical analysis, so that more young people can identify it early. To achieve this objective it was necessary to find out if young people knew about the topic, although many of them said they knew about the topic of dating violence offline, most of them did not identify the issue of violence online or to some extent it is a topic that they had "normalized" within their social circle, or to which they simply did not pay the necessary attention or importance, so to speak. In addition to making known the factors of each of the types of violence: online, offline, physical, psychological, emotional; and how these can affect emotionally and therefore affect the student or work life of those who experience it.

Abstract

The topic addressed in this research was about dating violence, talking about it from the face-to-face point of view and the digital point, that is to say online in the love relationships of young people; specifically this research was applied for the LGCH19 group of the Technological University of Queretaro, in which there are a total of 32 students, of which nine of them are men and twenty-three women, students of the Bachelor's degree in human capital management. The main general objective of the present study was to make known the most common online and offline dating violence factors, from a theoretical analysis, so that more young people can identify it early. To achieve this objective it was necessary to find out if young people knew about the topic, although many of them said they knew about the topic of dating violence offline, most of them did not identify the issue of violence online or to some extent it is a topic that they had "normalized" within their social circle, or to which they simply did not pay the necessary attention or importance, so to speak. In addition to making known the factors of each of the types of violence: online, offline, physical, psychological, emotional; and how these can affect emotionally and therefore affect the student or work life of those who experience it.

Abstract