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• A finite point method to solve shallow water equations.

  C. Buachart, E. Ortega, E. Oñate

  (2009). Research Report, Nº PI337

  
  

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• Optimizing rock cutting through computer simulation

  J. Rojek, E. Oñate, C. Labra, H. Kazal, J. Akerman

  (2009). Research Report, Nº PI336

  
  

  Abstract

  This paper presents an original thermomechanical model of rock cutting with evaluation of tool wear. The model has been developed within the framework of the discrete element method, which is a suitable numerical method to study problems of multiple material fractures likes those of rock cutting. The paper presents brief overview of the theoretical formulation, calibration of the discrete element model, and a number of numerical results obtained in simulation of rock cutting processes typical for underground excavation, using both roadheaders and TBMs.

  Abstract
  This paper presents an original thermomechanical model of rock cutting with evaluation of tool wear. The model has been developed within the framework of the discrete element [...]

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• A neural networks approach to aerofoil noise prediction

  K. Lau, R. López, E. Oñate

  (2009). Research Report, Nº PI335

  
  

  Abstract

  A neural network noise prediction model for a turbulent boundary layer noise mechanism has been created using a feed forward multilayer perceptron and a noise spectrum database collected from a family of NACA 0012 areofoils. The results of the neural network model were compared against the Brooks model and it was found that the quality of the prediction was improved was improved over the entire range of the data. The model was also validated against experimental data not utilized the training of the neural, with positive results.

  Abstract
  A neural network noise prediction model for a turbulent boundary layer noise mechanism has been created using a feed forward multilayer perceptron and a noise spectrum database [...]

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• Melting and spread of polymer in fire with the particle finite element method

  E. Oñate, R. Rossi, K. Butler, S. Idelsohn

  (2009). Research Report, Nº PI333

  
  

  Abstract

  A new computational procedure for analysis of the melting and flame spread of polymers under fire conditions is presented. The method, termed Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM), combines concepts from particle-based techniques with those of the standard finite element method (FEM). The key feature of the PFEM is the use of an updated Lagrangian description to model the motion of nodes (particles) in the thermoplastic material. Nodes are viewed as material points which can freely move and even separate from the main analysis domain representing, for instance, the effect of melting and dripping of polymer particles. A mesh connects the nodes defining the discretized domain where the governing equations are solved as in the standard FEM. An incremental iterative scheme for the solution of the nonlinear transient coupled thermal-flow problem, including loss of mass by gasification, is used. Examples of the possibilities of the PFEM for the modelling and simulation of the melting and flame spread of polymers under different fire conditions are described. Numerical results are compared with experimental data provided by NIST.

  Abstract
  A new computational procedure for analysis of the melting and flame spread of polymers under fire conditions is presented. The method, termed Particle Finite Element Method [...]

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• A numerical investigation of wind tunnel model deformations caused by the twin-sting support system

  R. Flores, E. Ortega, E. Oñate

  (2009). Research Report, Nº PI334

  
  

  Abstract

  This work presents a wing deformation analysis of a twin-sting-mounted commercial aircraft model. Twin-sting arrangements minimize flow disturbances around the model fuselage and tail; on the other hand, they cause important changes in the flow field around the wing and also increase aerodynamic interference at the wing and aeroelastic effects on the wing. In some cases, these effects can alter the normal downwash developed behind the wing, modifying the flow pattern at the tail. Consequently, when tail aerodynamics is a major concern, this kind of support interference should be carefully evaluated. The methodology developed in this work employs an unstructured FEM-based flow solver for computing aerodynamic loads. These loads are then transferred to a finite element structural model in order to assess the geometrical deformation of the wing caused by torsional moment exerted by supporting mechanism. The analysis described involves three different twin-sting support configurations taking into account angle of attack variations and Mach numbers spanning from subsonic of high transonic ranges.

  Abstract
  This work presents a wing deformation analysis of a twin-sting-mounted commercial aircraft model. Twin-sting arrangements minimize flow disturbances around the model fuselage [...]

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• A 3D low-order panel method for unsteady aerodynamic problems

  E. Ortega, R. Flores, E. Oñate

  (2010). Research Report, Nº PI343

  
  

  Abstract

  An unsteady low-order panel method for three-dimensional subsonic analyses is presented. The method, which is based on well-established techniques in computational aerodynamics, is intended to achieve a cost-effective solution of unsteady flows around arbitrary aerodynamic configurations. This work has two main objectives. First, to relax geometry discretization requirements and, second, to simplify the treatment of problems in which the analysis configuration moves along specified flight paths and/or changes its geometry during the simulation. Following this aim, a time-marching solution procedure is adopted in conjunction with a free-wake model which avoids iterative solutions for wake shape and position. The suitability of the present approach for solving typical aerodynamic problems is illustrated by means of several numerical examples.

  Abstract
  An unsteady low-order panel method for three-dimensional subsonic analyses is presented. The method, which is based on well-established techniques in computational aerodynamics, [...]

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• Advances in the simulation of multi-fluid flows with the Particle Finite Element Method. Application to bubble dynamics

  M. Mier-Torrecilla, S. Idelsohn, E. Oñate

  (2010). Research Report, Nº PI342

  
  

  Abstract

  In this work we extend the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) to multi-fluid flow problems with the aim of exploiting the fact that Lagrangian methods are specially well suited for tracking interfaces. We develop a numerical scheme able to deal with large jumps in the physical properties, included surface tension, and able to accurately represent all types of discontinuities in the flow variables. The scheme is based on decoupling the velocity and pressure variables through a pressure segregation method which takes into account the interface conditions. The interface is defined to be aligned with the moving mesh, so that it remains sharp along time, and pressure degrees of freedom are duplicated at the interface nodes to represent the discontinuity of this variable due to surface tension and variable viscosity. Furthermore, the mesh is refined in the vicinity of the interface to improve the accuracy and the efficiency of the computations. We apply the resulting scheme to the benchmark problem of a two-dimensional bubble rising in a liquid column presented in [1], and propose two breakup and coalescence problems to assess the ability of a multi-fluid code to model topology changes.

  Abstract
  In this work we extend the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) to multi-fluid flow problems with the aim of exploiting the fact that Lagrangian methods are specially well [...]

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• Advances in the particle finite element method (PFEM) for solving coupled problems in engineering

  E. Oñate, S. Idelsohn, M. Celigueta, R. Rossi, J. Marti, J. Puigbó, P. Ryzhakov, B. Suárez

  (2010). Research Report, Nº PI347

  
  

  Abstract

  We present some developments in the formulation of the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) for analysis of complex coupled problems on fluid and solid mechanics in engineering accounting for fluid-structure interaction and coupled thermal effects, material degradation and surface wear. The PFEM uses an updated Lagrangian description to model the motion of nodes (particles) in both the fluid and the structure domains. Nodes are viewed as material points which can freely move and even separate from the main analysis domain representing, for instance, the effect of water drops. A mesh connects the nodes defining the discretized domain where the governing equations are solved, as in the standard FEM. The necessary stabilization for dealing with the incompressibility of the fluid is introduced via the finite calculus (FIC) method. An incremental iterative scheme for the solution of the non linear transient coupled fluid-structure problem is described. The procedure for modelling frictional contact conditions at fluid-solid and solid-solid interfaces via mesh generation are described. A simple algorithm to treat soil erosion in fluid beds is presented. An straight forward extension of the PFEM to model excavation processes and wear of rock cutting tools is described. Examples of application of the PFEM to solve a wide number of coupled problems in engineering such as the effect of large waves on breakwaters and bridges, the large motions of floating and submerged bodies, bed erosion in open channel flows, the wear of rock cutting tools during excavation and tunneling and the melting, dripping and burning of polymers in fire situations are presented.

  Abstract
  We present some developments in the formulation of the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) for analysis of complex coupled problems on fluid and solid mechanics in engineering [...]

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• Two-noded beam element for composite and sandwich beams using Timoshenko theory and refined zigzag kinematics

  E. Oñate, A. Eijo, S. Oller

  (2010). Research Report, Nº PI346

  
  

  Abstract

  The so-called zigzag theory has been developed in recent years as an extension of the classical layer-wise theory for modeling composite laminated beams, plates and shells. An advantage of the zigzag theory is that the number of kinematic variables is independent of the number of layers. In this work we present a simple linear two-noded beam element adequate for the analysis of composite and sandwich beams based on the combination of classical Timoshenko beam theory and the refined zigzag kinematics recently proposed by Tessler et al. [19]. The accuracy of the new beam element is tested in a number of examples of applications for composite laminated beams.

  Abstract
  The so-called zigzag theory has been developed in recent years as an extension of the classical layer-wise theory for modeling composite laminated beams, plates and shells. [...]

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• Análisis numérico de los fenómenos hidrodinámicos en escolleras con aplicaciones a presas de materiales sueltos

  R. Hernández, A. LARESE, E. Oñate

  (2010). Research Report, Nº PI348

  
  

  Abstract

  Actualmente las presas de materiales sueltos son la tipología cuya elección es más frecuente debido, en parte, a los grandes avances que se han hecho en el estudio de los materiales que se utilizan en este tipo de estructuras, a la gran facilidad de encontrarlos y a su bajo coste y, por otra parte, a su adaptabilidad a una amplia variedad de emplazamientos. Sin embargo, hay que tener en cuenta su gran vulnerabilidad frente a fenómenos de sobrevertido, que pueden comprometer seriamente la estructura e incluso causar su colapso. Es por todo esto que en los últimos años se está manifestando un interés creciente en el estudio del comportamiento de las presas de material sueltos frente a fenómenos extremos. Esta tesina se enmarca en el contexto del proyecto XPRES del Plan Nacional I+D del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia [2], cuyo principal objetivo es desarrollar un método computacional para el análisis de la evolución de la filtración, así como el seguimiento del proceso de rotura en las presas de escollera en caso de sobrevertido. Este objetivo requiere el desarrollo de dos modelos numéricos acoplables, uno que modelice el proceso de filtración en el cuerpo de la presa y otro que modelice la respuesta estructural. Se pretende abordar la validación de los algoritmos desarrollados por CIMNE para la modelización de la filtración y determinar cuál de ellos presenta las mejores características para su aplicación en casos reales. La validación se llevará a cabo utilizando Kratos, un código abierto C++ que se está desarrollando en CIMNE pensado para resolver problemas de multifísica mediante el método de los elementos finitos. Los resultados numéricos se compararán los datos experimentales proporcionados por CEDEX y UPM y los modelos teóricos obtenidos por UPM. Esta validación se centrará, principalmente, en el modelo en dos dimensiones, aunque se hará extensible al caso en tres dimensiones.

  Abstract
  Actualmente las presas de materiales sueltos son la tipología cuya elección es más frecuente debido, en parte, a los grandes avances que se han hecho [...]

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