Documents published in 2026 : Scipedia

Modeling Engineering Reliability Data Using the Modified Generalized Exponential Distribution
H. Aljohani

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 11

Abstract
This study introduces the modified generalized exponential (MGEx) distribution, a flexible probabilistic model designed to capture complex failure behaviors commonly encountered in engineering systems. The MGEx distribution accommodates various hazard rate shapes, including unimodal, increasing, and decreasing forms, making it suitable for modeling reliability and lifetime data. We derive the mathematical properties of the model and focus on computational techniques for parameter estimation using multiple frequentist approaches. To evaluate the numerical performance of these methods, we conduct extensive Monte Carlo simulations, comparing their accuracy and robustness through partial and overall ranking metrics. The practical utility of the MGEx model is demonstrated by applying it to two real-world engineering datasets. The results highlight the model’s potential in enhancing simulation accuracy and supporting data-driven decision-making in reliability analysis, system design, and failure prediction tasks.OPEN ACCESS Received: 05/07/2025 Accepted: 27/10/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
This study introduces the modified generalized exponential (MGEx) distribution, a flexible probabilistic model designed to capture complex failure behaviors commonly encountered [...]
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Evaluation and Optimization of High Collapse Resistance Casing Strings for Salt Cavern Gas Storage in Salt Formations
G. Zhu, W. Wang, H. Diao, F. Ban, H. Xiong, X. Hou, X. Liu, T. Ma

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 9

Abstract
Salt cavern gas storage imposes stringent requirements on casing performance due to salt rock creep and high in-situ stress, necessitating a balance between mechanical strength and economic viability. This study evaluates the collapse resistance of BG110V and BG140V casings under 50°C–85°C through full-scale experiments (ASTM E2948) and elastoplastic finite element simulations. Results show that BG140V achieves a collapse strength of 75.94 MPa at 85°C, surpassing BG110V (52.96 MPa) at the same temperature by 43.4%, attributed to its thick-walled design (17.50 mm vs. BG110V’s 15.88 mm) and material enhancements. Simulations reveal lower prediction errors for BG140V (5.9% in full collapse) compared to BG110V (20.6%). A multi-criteria model integrating collapse strength (0.5), temperature sensitivity (0.3), and life-cycle cost (LCC, 0.2) with Monte Carlo analysis demonstrates BG140V’s LCC advantage in deep reservoirs (creep rate > 1.2× 10−7s−1, 12% maintenance cost reduction), while BG110V suits shallow scenarios (18% lower procurement cost). Dynamic selection strategies with real-time monitoring, low-friction thread optimization, crystal plasticity simulations, and smart maintenance systems are proposed. This study provides a quantitative framework for balancing safety and economy, advancing the standardization of non-API casings.OPEN ACCESS Received: 30/06/2025 Accepted: 19/08/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
Salt cavern gas storage imposes stringent requirements on casing performance due to salt rock creep and high in-situ stress, necessitating a balance between mechanical strength [...]
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Analysis of Airflow Velocity on Microdroplets Using Weibull StressStress Reliability Index under Unified Type-I Progressive Hybrid Data
M. Nassar, R. Alotaibi, A. Elshahhat

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 10

Abstract
This work presents a novel and comprehensive inferential framework for analyzing the stress-strength reliability parameter,R= P(Y < X), where X and Y denote independent stress and strength variables, respectively, both modeled as Weibull-distributed with a shared shape parameter but distinct scale parameters. A key innovation of this study lies in its integration of the unified Type-I progressively hybrid censoring scheme, which simultaneously accommodates time constraints and partial failure information, conditions often encountered in real-world reliability testing. To estimate R, we propose and evaluate four distinct inferential strategies: two frequentist (maximum likelihood estimation and maximum spacings estimation) and two Bayesian, each tailored to either the likelihood or spacings-based posterior formulation. The Bayesian methods employ Monte Carlo sampling to compute both Bayes point estimates and credible intervals under informative priors, offering robustness in small-sample or heavily censored contexts. An extensive simulation study is conducted to systematically compare the estimators in terms of bias, efficiency, and interval coverage. To validate the practical applicability of our framework, we further analyze two real-world microdroplet datasets, revealing critical insights into stress-tolerance behavior under experimental constraints. This study not only advances methodological tools for reliability inference under hybrid censoring but also establishes a blueprint for combining classical and Bayesian paradigms in stress-strength modeling.OPEN ACCESS Received: 01/07/2025 Accepted: 02/09/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
This work presents a novel and comprehensive inferential framework for analyzing the stress-strength reliability parameter,R= P(Y < X), where X and Y denote independent [...]
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Classical and Bayesian Stress-Strength Reliability Estimation for Weibull Data under Unified Hybrid Censoring Scheme with LED Application
M. Nassar, R. Alotaibi, A. Elshahhat

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 8

Abstract
The stress-strength reliability parameter is a key metric used in various fields, including engineering, medicine, and business. In engineering, it quantifies the probability that a system’s strength X exceeds the applied stress Y . In this study, we examine for the first time four estimation approaches for evaluating the stress-strength reliability parameter R= P(Y < X ), where X and Y are independent Weibull random variables with different scale parameters but a common shape parameter. The analysis is conducted under a unified hybrid censoring scheme. From the classical perspective, we employ the maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacings methods to obtain both point and interval estimates. From the Bayesian perspective, two forms of the posterior distribution, based on the likelihood and spacings functions, are derived and analyzed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling techniques. The Bayes estimates of R are obtained under the symmetric squared error loss, and the corresponding Bayesian credible intervals are also computed. To compare the four point estimators and the four interval estimators, an extensive simulation study is performed using various experimental scenarios. Finally, comprehensive analyses for organic white light-emitting diode datasets mixed with three colors, namely red, green, and blue, are provided.OPEN ACCESS Received: 29/06/2025 Accepted: 16/09/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
The stress-strength reliability parameter is a key metric used in various fields, including engineering, medicine, and business. In engineering, it quantifies the probability [...]
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Numerical Investigation on Condensation of Non-Condensable Gas in Large Deformation Enhanced Tube
Y. Zhang, T. Zheng, X. Zhang

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 7

Abstract
In order to improve the condensation heat transfer performance of tubelines in cooling systems, a new type of large deformation heat transfer tube was proposed. Based on the theory of diffusion, the distributions of temperature, velocity, heat transfer coefficient, and species are presented to compare with smooth tubes. In addition, the effects of relevant parameters on thermo-hydraulic performance are discussed. The numerical results show that the distributions of temperature and velocity show a periodic distribution. The unique structure of the large deformation heat transfer tube disturbs the fluid flow near the wall. The boundary layer of air concentration is destroyed, resulting in heat transfer enhancement. Within the scope of this paper, the heat transfer coefficient and friction factor of the large deformation heat transfer tube are increased by 1.01–3.47 times and 1.05–7.13 times compared with the smooth tube. The heat transfer performance increases with the rising dimple depth and declining noncondensable gas content and dimple pitch.OPEN ACCESS Received: 25/06/2025 Accepted: 29/07/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
In order to improve the condensation heat transfer performance of tubelines in cooling systems, a new type of large deformation heat transfer tube was proposed. Based on the [...]
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Reconfigurable Solar-Powered Multiple Input Multiple Output Terahertz Antenna System
N. Sharma, A. Pandey, A. De

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 6

Abstract
The rapid evolution of terahertz (THz) technology has opened new frontiers in high-speed wireless communication, imaging, and sensing. However, the practical deployment of THz systems, particularly in remote or space-constrained environments, is often limited by power constraints and rigid antenna structures. A reconfigurable THz antenna system that is powered by solar energy is suggested. By leveraging real-time energy harvesting, the antenna system maintains operation without external power sources, making it ideal for deployment in remote IoT nodes, CubeSats, or energy-constrained sensor networks. Material used in antenna design is lead glass while gold is used as a radiator, the MIMO antenna loaded with graphene with chemical potential of graphene= 0 works from 2.4–2.5 THz, 3.87–3.98 THz, and 5.17–5.3 THz. The MIMO antenna with graphene chemical potential= 1 eV works from 2.54–2.63 THz, 3.96–4.1 THz, and 5.27–5.45 THz. The MIMO antenna with graphene chemical potential= 2 eV works from 2.6–2.68 THz, 4–4.2 THz, and 5.3–5.55 THz. Gain of antenna at 2.45, 3.95, and 5.3 THz maximum gain obtained at these frequencies is 6, 5 and 7 dBi, respectively. By integrating real-time solar energy harvesting with a tunable THz antenna structure, the design enables self-sustained, high-efficiency operation for remote IoT nodes, CubeSats, and energy-constrained sensor networks, merging green energy and next-generation THz communication in a compact platform. Advantages of the proposed design are self-powered operation, reconfigurable multi-band tuning, high gain, and suitability for diverse THz applications.OPEN ACCESS Received: 23/06/2025 Accepted: 17/09/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
The rapid evolution of terahertz (THz) technology has opened new frontiers in high-speed wireless communication, imaging, and sensing. However, the practical deployment of [...]
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Multi-Objective Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Manifold-Based Cooling Systems for Battery Thermal Management Using RSM and NSGA-II
H. ZHANG, P. Ganesan, W. Chong, M. Zubir

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 5

Abstract
Efficient thermal management is critical to the safety, performance, and longevity of lithium-ion battery (LIB) energy storage systems. In this study, a novel manifold cold plate featuring an overflow channel with a triangular ridge at the bottom is proposed for a liquid-cooled Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS). A comprehensive multi-objective optimization framework is developed by integrating Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II), and the Linear Programming Technique forMultidimensional Analysis of Preference (LINMAP) decision-making method to minimize the maximum temperature difference (Tcell) and pressure drop (P) across the cooling plate.Thedesign variables include the manifold channel width ratio (λ), the height ratio (φ), the inlet velocity (u), and the triangular ridge angle (θ). Second-order polynomial regression models are constructed and validated using Analysis ofVariance (ANOVA), yielding high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.9926 forTcell and 0.9600 forP), confirming strong predictive accuracy. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the inlet velocity and channel angle are the primary factors influencing system performance. The LINMAP-based decision-making approach identifies an optimal configuration with λ = 1.031, φ = 1.47, u = 1.671 m/s, and θ = 29.8°, achieving a Tcell of 12.61°C and a P of 6742.99 Pa, with validation errors below 3%. Transient simulations at 0.5 and 1C discharge rates show that the LINMAP-optimized design reduces the maximumcell temperature by 13.12°C and 11.77°C, respectively, compared to the natural convection baseline, and by 1.42°C and 0.76°C compared to the prototype design, while maintaining comparable hydraulic resistance. This work offers valuable guidance for designing and optimizing liquid-cooled battery
Abstract
Efficient thermal management is critical to the safety, performance, and longevity of lithium-ion battery (LIB) energy storage systems. In this study, a novel manifold cold [...]
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Analysis of Burr-XII Lifespan Using Adaptive Progressive Type-II Hybrid Binomial Censoring with Physical Modeling of Polyester and Carbon Fibers
R. Alotaibi, H. Rezk, A. Elshahhat

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 4

Abstract
This study introduces advanced statistical methods, allowing for more efficient and accurate reliability testing of fibers such as polyester and carbon. Polyester ficbers are suitable for textiles and industrial use due to their wrinkle resistance and affordability, while carbon fibers offer superior strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance. To guarantee greater efficiency of inference methodologies and reduce overall testing time, the adaptive Type-II progressive hybrid censoring via binomial removals has gained popularity in reliability analysis and life-testing problems. The proposed scheme allows survival units to be removed at random stages according to a binomial law, thereby reducing experimental time while preserving statistical efficiency. When lifetimes are gathered using the suggested censoring technique, point and interval estimates of the unknown parameters of the Burr-XII model are obtained using both classical and Bayesian approaches. We obtain various Bayesian estimates using the squared loss function. Some numerical methods are employed to obtain the suggested estimators due to their complexity. The various Bayes estimates and related credible intervals are created using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. To assess estimator performance, extensive simulation studies are conducted, comparing bias, mean squared error, coverage probabilities, and interval lengths under varying censoring and removal settings. The simulation results confirm that the Bayesian framework, particularly with informative priors, provides more accurate and stable estimates than asymptotic likelihood-based methods. We examine two physics data sets representing polyester and carbon fibers to demonstrate the relevance of the suggested approaches in a real-world setting. These applications highlight the practical value of the proposed approach for material design, maintenance planning, and broader reliability engineering problems.OPEN ACCESS Received: 13/06/2025 Accepted: 12/09/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
This study introduces advanced statistical methods, allowing for more efficient and accurate reliability testing of fibers such as polyester and carbon. Polyester ficbers [...]
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AI-Driven Multi-Dimensional Computing Power Scheduling: Adaptive Resource Coordination via Task Demand Prediction in Heterogeneous Clusters
T. Wang, X. Zhao, X. Qiao, S. Li, W. Yin

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 2

Abstract
This paper introduces an AI-driven computing power scheduling framework that innovatively integrates multidimensional resource optimization with machine-learning-based task-demand prediction to significantly enhance computational efficiency and resource utilization. Unlike prior works that primarily focus on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) allocation, our method pioneers a holistic resource-coordination mechanism that dynamically balances GPU, memory, Central Processing Unit (CPU), and other critical resources according to their joint impact on task performance and cluster efficiency. A core innovation is our data-driven resource predictor, which autonomously analyzes historical task patterns and forecasts future demand, enabling the scheduler to adaptively scale resources so that user over-provisioning is reduced and under-allocation bottlenecks are avoided. Experimental validation demonstrates that this closed-loop prediction–scheduling paradigm achieves breakthroughs in both scale and efficiency: a 25.7% increase in concurrent task deployment, a 15.6% increase in task completion rate, and substantial relative utilization improvements of 7.5% for GPU and 8.0% for memory, outperforming conventional single-resource optimization approaches. These advancements establish a new direction for intelligent resource management in large-scale heterogeneous computing environments.OPEN ACCESS Received: 15/05/2025 Accepted: 11/10/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
This paper introduces an AI-driven computing power scheduling framework that innovatively integrates multidimensional resource optimization with machine-learning-based task-demand [...]
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Statistical Inference of Step Stress Partially Accelerated Life-Testing for Insulating Fluid between Electrodes under Censored Data and Different Loss Functions
R. Alotaibi, H. Rezk, E. Almetwally

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 3

Abstract
Long testing times are usually required for the life testing of very reliable products or materials. The testing process can be hastened by using accelerated life tests. The lifespan of the items that accelerated life tests inspect is reduced since they test products in more severe circumstances than those found in regular use scenarios. Data that was censored and disclosed the precise timings of failure may point to accelerated life tests where all units assigned to test are unknown, or where all units assigned to test have not failed for a few reasons, including challenges with technology, tools, costs, and schedules. The step-stress partially accelerated life test was examined in this work using the type-I progressive hybrid censoring scheme and the type-II progressive censoring scheme. The influence of the stress shift is explained using the tempered random variable model, where the failure times of the items are assumed to follow the alpha power Lomax distribution. The unknown parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood estimation and Bayesian methods. The asymptotic theory of maximum likelihood estimation is also employed in the construction of the approximate confidence intervals. While the point estimates under two censoring schemes are compared in terms of absolute biases and root mean squared errors, approximate confidence intervals and coverage probabilities are compared in terms of their lengths and coverage probabilities. Additionally, three possible optimal test strategies are investigated using different optimal criteria. The performance of the estimators was evaluated and contrasted with two censoring techniques with various sample sizes using a simulation study. Finally, a numerical example for insulating fluid between electrodes data is presented to illustrate how the methods will work in real-world scenarios.OPEN ACCESS Received: 11/06/2025 Accepted: 29/07/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
Long testing times are usually required for the life testing of very reliable products or materials. The testing process can be hastened by using accelerated life tests. The [...]
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Numerical Simulation Analysis of Influence of Wind and Temperature on Deformation of Constructed Zhaidi River High Bridge Pier
M. Tian, J. Sun, X. Chen, F. Xiong

Rev. int. métodos numér. cálc. diseño ing. (2026). Vol. 42, (1), 1

Abstract
Bridges are key projects of high-grade Expressways in mountainous areas. The verticality of bridge piers with a height of more than 100 m is crucial to ensure the safety and stability of bridge projects. When a pier construction is completed but the upper beam structure has not yet been connected (socalled after construction or constructed), the verticality of the pier is most likely to vary due to some factors. Based on the Zhaidi River Bridge project of Yunnan Zhenhe Expressway, considering the natural environment of the bridge site, three wind force intensity levels (Beaufort Scale 8, 10, and 12) and two climate conditions (high temperature and high radiation in summer, and low temperature and low radiation in winter) were identified; and the wind-induced deformation, temperature-induced deformation, and wind-temperature coupled deformation of the constructed main pier of the Zhaidi River Bridge with a height of 112.60 m were simulated with ANSYS Workbench numerical simulation platform. The simulation results show that: the influence of wind on pier deformation is much greater than that of ambient temperature variation; the influence of solar radiation on temperature-induced deformation of the bridge pier is much greater than that of air temperature variation; the temperature-induced deformation of the pier body under low temperature and low radiation condition in winter is greater than that under high temperature and high radiation condition in summer; the directional effect of the superposition of wind-induced deformation and temperature-induced deformation is more significant under low temperature and low radiation condition in winter.OPEN ACCESS Received: 11/04/2025 Accepted: 16/10/2025 Published: 23/01/2026
Abstract
Bridges are key projects of high-grade Expressways in mountainous areas. The verticality of bridge piers with a height of more than 100 m is crucial to ensure the safety and [...]
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Evolution Families and Time-Varying Processes in Modular Function Spaces
. Scipedia, N. Ahmad, A. Zada, H. Khalifa

Collection of Articles on Mathematics (2026). 1

Abstract
This paper develops a modular framework for the study of time--dependent linear evolution processes via evolution families. We consider non--autonomous abstract Cauchy problems generated by families of operators depending on time and introduce a notion of $\varrho$--strong continuity compatible with the modular topology. Under suitable uniform $\varrho$--boundedness assumptions, we establish the existence of evolution families and derive modular growth estimates formulated in terms of the associated modular growth function. To address regularity issues, a Steklov--type averaging technique is employed, allowing differentiability and domain inclusion to be treated in the modular sense. Several examples, including time--varying multiplication processes in integral and Orlicz--type modular spaces, are presented to illustrate the scope and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Abstract
This paper develops a modular framework for the study of time--dependent linear evolution processes via evolution families. We consider non--autonomous abstract Cauchy problems [...]
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A Quantitative Assessment of Supplier Service Quality Using AHP and SERVQUAL in
. SMEs, M. Al Awadh

Mohammed Al Awadh's personal collection (2026). 1

Abstract
The selection and assessment of suppliers are essential for improving supply chain efficiency and fostering competitiveness. This study investigates the application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a proficient method for assessing supplier service quality. AHP, a multi-criteria decision-making tool, provides a systematic and structured framework for evaluating the critical factors influencing supplier performance. The study employed the AHP model to evaluate supplier service quality in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to achieve this objective. The SERVQUAL framework consists of five dimensions—reliability, responsiveness, assurance, tangibles, and empathy accompanied by 20 sub-criteria, developed using the AHP technique. The analysis focused on evaluating the service quality of three distinct vendors, meticulously assessing their overall performance. The findings suggested that providers should emphasize reliability, responsiveness, certainty, and tangibles, while placing relatively less significance on empathy. Among the sub-criteria, delivering accurate services on the first attempt emerged as a significant issue for vendors. The AHP analysis indicates that Supplier A attained the highest performance ranking, followed by Supplier C and Supplier B. This study's findings offer actionable insights for decision-makers to effectively manage and enhance the aviation sector. By focusing on delivering exceptional services, suppliers can significantly improve customer satisfaction, aligning with the fundamental goal of supplier service excellence.
Abstract
The selection and assessment of suppliers are essential for improving supply chain efficiency and fostering competitiveness. This study investigates the application of the [...]
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The Effects of Trichosanthes Root Extract on Regeneration Rate, Behavior, and Movement of Dugesia tigrina
A. Zhuo, A. Lee, K. Sanchez

J. Dawn. Research (2026). 2

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Trichosanthes root extract on the regeneration rate of Dugesia tigrina, a freshwater planarian. Planarians were chosen for their regenerative ability and stem cell systems. Traditionally used in Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, Trichosanthes root was tested for its unexplored regenerative potential. The goal was to evaluate a cost-effective, biologically based method for enhancing tissue regeneration with potential applications in regenerative medicine and wound healing. Planarians were continuously exposed to varying concentrations of the extract, with locomotor activity recorded before and after treatments. Specimens were then transversely amputated into head and tail fragments, which were observed independently. Regenerative outcomes, including body length, eyespot formation, and indicators of nervous system recovery, were measured at regular intervals. Results demonstrated that in trial 1, group D slightly decreased in head length regeneration compared to our control group A. Although group A had the smallest amount of head regeneration over the course of 11 days, there was no significant difference found between the groups in trial 1. Similarly, group C had the least regenerative ability overall over 11 days, but there was still no statistical difference found between the groups. Ultimately, Trichosanthes root was not significantly effective in the regeneration, locomotor activity, and behavior of Dugesia Tirgrina. These findings suggest that even as planarians remain valuable assets in testing biological compounds, Tricosanthes root may not have benefited tissue regeneration as hypothesized.
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Trichosanthes root extract on the regeneration rate of Dugesia tigrina, a freshwater planarian. Planarians were chosen for their regenerative [...]
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The Effects of GlyNAC on the Regeneration Rate and Movement of Dugesia tigrina
. , A. Lee, A. Zhuo

J. Dawn. Research (2026). 1

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of GlyNAC on planaria tissue regeneration and behavioral changes. There has been a focus on anti-aging in the older population due to the adverse effects that come with it such as muscle fatigue, a decrease in tissue regeneration, etc. As a result, there was an increase in research on finding an effective supplement to combat health issues and aging. GlyNAC, a combination of Glycine and N-acetylcysteine, has been shown to reverse and improve health by increasing glutathione levels. Glutathione is an antioxidant with multiple health benefits such as protecting against oxidative stress, a main factor in causing cell death. This experiment was conducted using planarians because they have a similar central nervous system, tissue regeneration, and glutathione production to humans. There were 1 control group and 3 experimental groups. The control group was fed regular ground beef while the experimental group was fed ground beef with GlyNAC. For tissue regeneration, each group would be measured and observed before and after the ground beef or GlyNAC-mixed ground beef. The planarians’ motility was recorded for 20 minutes with grid paper underneath their petri dishes. The results indicate that GlyNAC treated groups had increased regeneration and movement. With this support, our hypothesis of GlyNAC increases the regeneration and movement in planarians. Future Research can be done by having bigger experimental groups for more accurate data. Introduction GlyNAC There has been an interest in anti-aging in the modern day due to one’s fear of aging and the many symptoms that come with it, such as muscle fatigue, inflammation, a decrease in tissue
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of GlyNAC on planaria tissue regeneration and behavioral changes. There has been a focus on anti-aging in the older population due [...]
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Drift Boss: Drive really far
D. boss

Drift boss's personal collection (2026). 1

Abstract
Get ready to slide into the driver's seat of Drift Boss, a deceptively simple yet addictive driving game where timing is everything. Forget complex controls; this game is all about the one-button mechanic. Your mission is to navigate endless, winding tracks floating high in the sky, drifting around sharp corners with perfect precision. It sounds easy, but the procedurally generated paths demand intense focus and quick reflexes. As you collect coins and unlock unique vehicles—from taxis to fire trucks—you’ll find yourself hooked, constantly chasing that next high score. Can you stay on track, or will you plummet into the abyss?
Abstract
Get ready to slide into the driver's seat of Drift Boss, a deceptively simple yet addictive driving game where timing is everything. Forget complex controls; this game [...]
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The effect of Pomegranate juice on C. elegans under Thermal Stress
A. Singh

Armaanjit Singh's personal collection (2025). 1

Abstract
This experiment analyzed the effects of pomegranate juice on C. elegans under thermal stress. C. elegans, a nematode with similar genes to humans, is an effective model for studying human diseases. Thermal stress occurs when an organism is exposed to high temperatures, which results in the release of heat shock proteins. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones that help restore protein homeostasis following heat stress. Despite their presence, thermal stress can still weaken antioxidant defense in organisms. However, pomegranate juice is rich in antioxidants and polyphenols, which can help strengthen antioxidant defense. In this study, pomegranate extract was dissolved in water and mixed with agar powder. Using this pomegranate mixed agar, E. coli was cultured for 24 hours. The results showed that the 5 mg/ml concentration increased survival rates of C. elegans. However, the 10 and 20 mg/ml concentrations lowered survival rates, which can be attributed to dose-dependent toxicity. Interestingly, the higher concentrations of pomegranate extract significantly increased C. elegans reproductive rates. This research expands on previous studies that examined the effect of pomegranate juice on C. elegans and distinctly focuses on its role under thermal stress. This distinction helps gain a deeper insight into pomegranate juice's effect on oxidative stress.
Abstract
This experiment analyzed the effects of pomegranate juice on C. elegans under thermal stress. C. elegans, a nematode with similar genes to humans, is an effective model [...]
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The Effects of Pomegranate Juice on C. elegans under Thermal Stress
. , A. Singh, E. choi, J. Jiang

Collection of Articles on Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (2025). 1

Abstract
This experiment analyzed the effects of pomegranate juice on C. elegans under thermal stress. C. elegans, a nematode with similar genes to humans, is an effective model for studying human diseases. Thermal stress occurs when an organism is exposed to high temperatures, which results in the release of heat shock proteins. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones that help restore protein homeostasis following heat stress. Despite their presence, thermal stress can still weaken antioxidant defense in organisms. However, pomegranate juice is rich in antioxidants and polyphenols, which can help strengthen antioxidant defense. In this study, pomegranate extract was dissolved in water and mixed with agar powder. Using this pomegranate mixed agar, E. coli was cultured for 24 hours. The results showed that the 5 mg/ml concentration increased survival rates of C. elegans. However, the 10 and 20 mg/ml concentrations lowered survival rates, which can be attributed to dose-dependent toxicity. Interestingly, the higher concentrations of pomegranate extract significantly increased C. elegans reproductive rates. This research expands on previous studies that examined the effect of pomegranate juice on C. elegans and distinctly focuses on its role under thermal stress. This distinction helps gain a deeper insight into pomegranate juice's effect on oxidative stress.
Abstract
This experiment analyzed the effects of pomegranate juice on C. elegans under thermal stress. C. elegans, a nematode with similar genes to humans, is an effective [...]
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Compensation of thermal and mechanical effects of a Lamb-Wave based SHM system in a composite aerostructure.
J. Sesé, A. Fernández

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 12

Abstract
Structural Health Monitoring has become one of the next challenges in the aeronautical industry in order to know the real-time status of structures and optimize their maintenance. The use of Lamb Waves for damage detection is proven; however, its effectiveness is affected by the boundary conditions in which the structure is located. To counteract this effect, it is essential to model its behavior in different environmental and operating conditions to ensure the correct detection of variations in the structure during its service life. This work presents the characterization of the Lamb wave behavior for a composite UAV supporting surface. By applying different load and temperature conditions to the structure, different conditions of the structure during flight will be simulated. The results obtained for the newly fabricated structure will be compared with the results obtained for the same structure damaged by impact. And finally, the main effects produced on the signal (arrival time, amplitude...) will be analyzed; and how they can simulate the presence of a damage that has not occurred (false positive) or camouflage the presence of existing damage (false negative).
Abstract
Structural Health Monitoring has become one of the next challenges in the aeronautical industry in order to know the real-time status of structures and optimize their maintenance. [...]
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Fracture characterization of hybrid composite laminates in modes I and II
J. Igelmo, U. Garitaonaindia, N. Insausti, F. Mujika

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 7

Abstract
In this work, the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of a hybrid laminate composite consisting of carbon fiber-reinforced layers and glass fiber-reinforced layers was characterized. Unidirectional laminates were used for the tests, and the stacking sequence was chosen with the aim of achieving pure fracture modes in the tests. Mechanical characterization was carried out using three-point bending tests with different spans, taking into account the effects of indentation, shear, and support rotation. Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture tests were performed using the ADCB (Asymmetric Double Cantilever Beam) and AENF (Asymmetric End Notched Flexure) tests, respectively, also considering the effects of shear, local deformation, and rotations due to bending. The data were obtained using a recently published analytical model that allows the resistance curve to be found for each load-displacement data obtained from the testing machine.
Abstract
In this work, the Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of a hybrid laminate composite consisting of carbon fiber-reinforced layers and glass fiber-reinforced [...]
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Matrix cracking effect in thermoset and thermoplastic CFRP: development of an analysis tool for the design of hydrogen tanks
M. Salgado, J. Guerrero, J. Renart, M. Jalalvand

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 18

Abstract
Liquid hydrogen (LH₂) is a promising alternative to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the aeronautical industry. However, current tanks do not meet their rigorous design and safety requirements. Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) offer advantages over classic metallic materials, such as higher stiffness and toughness at low temperatures, as well as lower density. Nevertheless, matrix cracking in composites can cause leaks through the tank walls, compromising their tightness, even with a low crack density. Therefore, a deeper understanding of this phenomenon could prevent permeability loss and ensure the operational safety of the tank. Currently, thermoplastic composites are gaining distinction over thermosets in the aeronautical industry due to their better range of properties and the possibility of out-of-autoclave manufacturing. In this context, CF/PEEK composite has shown greater resistance to damage propagation compared to epoxy-based materials, positioning it as a promising candidate for LH₂ storage tanks. This research evaluates the initiation and propagation of transverse cracks in the matrix in specimens with 0º and 90º layer orientations of thermoplastic (CF/PEEK) and thermoset (M21E/IMA-12K) matrices under static loads and at room temperature. Two different stacking sequences, [0/90/0₂/90₂]s and [90/0/90₂/0₂]s, have been analysed. X-ray tomography images were captured at different deformation states. From these images, crack density was calculated using a digital processing method developed by the authors, which quantifies the number of cracks in each layer across the entire width of the specimen. This method allows for a three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the inspected area, facilitating the tracking of possible paths that could compromise the tightness of the tanks. These results contribute to the design of safer and more efficient tanks for liquid hydrogen storage in aeronautical applications.
Abstract
Liquid hydrogen (LH₂) is a promising alternative to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions in the aeronautical industry. However, current tanks do not meet their rigorous [...]
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Mechanical performance of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites for structural applications
J. Lozano

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 15

Abstract
Continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites are emerging as an efficient structural alternative to traditional thermoset materials, thanks to their recyclability, good impact resistance, and suitability for continuous processing. In this work, a manufacturing system was developed based on the thermoplastic pultrusion of unidirectional polypropylene (PP) and carbon fiber (CF) tapes, followed by hot compression molding. This approach enables the production of structural profiles with high fiber alignment and good consolidation. Experimental characterization included tensile, flexural, and impact tests to assess the structural applicability of the manufactured profiles. The results demonstrate a balanced combination of stiffness, mechanical strength, and impact performance, confirming the potential of this system for functional applications in sectors such as mobility or infrastructure, where lightweight, efficient processing, and sustainability are key requirements.
Abstract
Continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites are emerging as an efficient structural alternative to traditional thermoset materials, thanks to their recyclability, [...]
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Caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas de estructuras kirigami impresas en 3D y sus conexiones fabricadas con materiales compuestos
E. Sosa, F. Turon, X. Martinez, M. Dolz

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 10

Abstract
El avance de la tecnología de impresión 3D ha permitido la creación de estructuras complejas con formas únicas, como los diseños basados en kirigami, inspirados en el arte de cortar papel para formar estructuras tridimensionales. Estas estructuras ofrecen beneficios significativos, como una construcción ligera, despliegue rápido y la capacidad de soportar cargas mecánicas y absorber energía de deformación. Sin embargo, existe una investigación limitada sobre el comportamiento de estas estructuras y sus conexiones críticas cuando se fabrican con materiales compuestos mediante técnicas de impresión 3D. Este estudio examina las propiedades mecánicas de estructuras kirigami impresas en 3D y sus conexiones, centrándose en mejorar el comportamiento de unión y optimizar el uso del material. Se emplea el marco Space Mapping para abordar la anisotropía inherente de los compuestos impresos en 3D, transformando el comportamiento direccional complejo del material en un dominio isotrópico equivalente. Este enfoque permite aplicar modelos no lineales isotrópicos ya consolidados, mejorando la precisión de la simulación y reduciendo el coste computacional. Se utilizan simulaciones por elementos finitos para modelar el comportamiento de las estructuras kirigami, prestando especial atención a las propiedades del material, la adhesión entre capas, la dirección de impresión y la orientación de las fibras en el material compuesto. Se llevan a cabo ensayos mecánicos para validar las simulaciones, centrándose en la rigidez y resistencia de los pliegues y uniones bajo diferentes condiciones de carga. Mediante la mejora de los mecanismos de plegado y la optimización de la distribución del material en las zonas críticas, esta investigación busca demostrar cómo se comparan las estructuras kirigami frente a los diseños sólidos tradicionales en aplicaciones que requieren tanto resistencia como adaptabilidad. Estos resultados son especialmente relevantes para sectores donde se necesitan diseños ligeros y flexibles, como la aeronáutica, la automoción, el transporte marítimo y la ingeniería civil. Combinando análisis numérico con validación experimental, el estudio ofrece aportaciones valiosas para la optimización de los puntos de plegado y conexión en estructuras kirigami impresas en 3D, con vistas a su aplicación en la ingeniería avanzada.
Abstract
El avance de la tecnología de impresión 3D ha permitido la creación de estructuras complejas con formas únicas, como los diseños basados [...]
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Experimental characterisation of the translaminar fracture toughness of an additive manufacturing c-CFRP composite
A. Fernández, D. Rico, D. Trias, N. Blanco

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 9

Abstract
Fibre breakeage in composite materials is usually a determining damage mechanism for its structural integrity due to the high energy associated, in comparison with matrix cracking. For this reason, the assessment of the translaminar fracture toughness is relevant for accurate numerical predictions of composite structures. However, there are scarce investigations related to this topic for additive manufactured composites reinforced with continuous fibres. In this investigation, the translaminar fracture toughness of 3D-printed continuous fibre reinforced polymer (c-CFRP) composites was characterised using double-tapered compact tension (2TCT) specimens. The 2TCT geometric dimensions were obtained through a parametric study to prevent undesired failure modes. The results show a translaminar fracture toughness of 17.4 N/mm for the tested 0/90 laminates. The fracture toughness corresponding to the tensile failure of the 0° ply was derived using a rule-of-mixtures approach. Post-mortem micrographic and X-ray analysis indicated the presence of fibre pull-outs in the crack surface and confirmed the absence of any additional damage, validating the use of 2TCT geometry for the determination of the translaminar fracture toughness in additively manufactured c-CFRP composites.
Abstract
Fibre breakeage in composite materials is usually a determining damage mechanism for its structural integrity due to the high energy associated, in comparison with matrix [...]
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Development and integration of printed strain gauge-based sensors for structural health monitoring in composite material repairs of wind turbine blades
E. TELLECHEA, V. RAMÍREZ, J. ALÍAS, J. Pena, N. JIMÉNEZ, L. JOFRÉ, M. Lasheras, U. Larraya

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 14

Abstract
Structural health monitoring is essential to ensure safety and extend the service life of critical components in renewable energy systems, such as repaired wind turbine blades. This study presents the development of strain gauges printed using advanced functional printing techniques, optimized for integration into composite materials and tailored to the mechanical characteristics of repaired areas to assess the effectiveness and durability of structural repairs. The integration of these sensors would enable real-time monitoring of key parameters, such as microstrains, during the operation of the blade after repair. The experimental work included the printing of strain gauges, evaluation of different substrates, and cyclic loading tests under controlled conditions to assess the accuracy and sensitivity of the printed gauges. Additionally, composite material coupons were characterized under tensile and compressive loads to analyse the impact of gauge integration on the mechanical properties of the composite. Preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, although full validation is required, including aging studies, testing in real operational environments, and exposure to extreme temperature variations prior to industrial implementation.
Abstract
Structural health monitoring is essential to ensure safety and extend the service life of critical components in renewable energy systems, such as repaired wind turbine blades. [...]
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Mechanical behavior analysis at low temperature of flax/epoxy laminates
G. Sánchez Escudero, E. Barbero-Pozuelo, S. Sánchez-Sáez

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 6

Abstract
The growing environmental consciousness of recent years has driven the composite materials industry to increasingly adopt natural fibers as a sustainable alternative to synthetic ones, aiming to reduce the ecological footprint of manufacturing processes. Replacing conventional synthetic fibers with natural counterparts, such as flax, offers a significant decrease in energy consumption during laminate production, enhancing overall process sustainability. This study explores the mechanical performance of a flax fiber-reinforced epoxy laminate with a twill weave configuration. The material was tested under tensile and in-plane shear loading at both room temperature and subzero conditions (–40 °C and –70 °C). The laminate demonstrated a nonlinear stress–strain response, characterized by three distinct regions, suggesting that a trilinear model may be appropriate for its numerical simulation. The influence of temperature on the mechanical behavior was assessed in both the longitudinal and transverse tensile directions, as well as in shear. Results reveal that lower temperatures lead to increased stiffness and strength, although differences between –40 °C and –70 °C were not substantial.
Abstract
The growing environmental consciousness of recent years has driven the composite materials industry to increasingly adopt natural fibers as a sustainable alternative to synthetic [...]
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Analysis of Delamination Behavior in Mode I under Thermal Environment Exposure in Adhesive Joints of Carbon-Epoxy Composite Materials
P. Vigón, A. Argüelles, M. Lozano, J. Viña

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 5

Abstract
This study analyzes the delamination behavior in mode I, under static and fatigue loading, in adhesive joints on a composite material with an epoxy matrix and unidirectional carbon fiber reinforcement (CFRP). The samples were exposed in a climate chamber at 60°C and 70% relative humidity for different periods (no exposure, 1, 2, and 4 weeks). Subsequently, standardized DCB tests were performed to evaluate the effect of environmental aging on interlaminar fracture toughness and adhesive strength. After an initial static characterization, reference parameters for fatigue tests were defined, obtaining initiation (ΔG–N) and crack growth (G–da/dN) curves. The initiation data were analyzed using a Weibull probabilistic model. The results show a change in the epoxy adhesive behavior with exposure time, evidenced by a reduction in the fatigue limit and an increase in crack propagation rates.
Abstract
This study analyzes the delamination behavior in mode I, under static and fatigue loading, in adhesive joints on a composite material with an epoxy matrix and unidirectional [...]
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Experimental Evaluation of the Damping Factor in Laminated Composite Materials
D. Trias, A. Saleh, J. Costa

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 16

Abstract
The use of natural fibers in composite materials is gaining significant interest in the current context of emission reduction. In this regard, along with the fact that it is an eco-responsible material, it becomes a very attractive option, although its clear inferiority in mechanical properties such as stiffness and strength compared to glass fiber, and certainly carbon fiber, raises doubts about its use in structural applications. However, flax fiber's ability to absorb and damp vibrations is much greater than that of the aforementioned high-performance structural fibers. The experimental determination of the damping coefficient emerges as a key aspect that may allow for the consideration of natural fibers in structural applications requiring damping. Existing standards are very generic and do not account for some important details in the execution of the test. The present work presents the experimental method used for determining the damping coefficient of laminated composite materials using accelerometers and a vibration exciter (shaker), including consideration of the analysis of the effect of certain parameters such as the positioning of accelerometers, excitation methods, and data reduction methods.
Abstract
The use of natural fibers in composite materials is gaining significant interest in the current context of emission reduction. In this regard, along with the fact that it [...]
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Effect of Environmental Degradation on the Fatigue Resistance of Mode II Adhesive Joints in Carbon/Epoxy Composite Materials
P. Vigón, A. Argüelles, M. Lozano, J. Viña

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 17

Abstract
This study analyzes delamination in CFRP adhesive joints under mode II loading in both static and dynamic regimes. The ENF test was used to evaluate the effect of exposure to salt spray and a climatic chamber over various periods—one, two, four, and twelve weeks—as well as for unaged specimens. Based on the experimental data, fatigue initiation curves (ΔG-N) and fatigue crack growth curves (G-da/dN) were constructed to analyze both degradation processes. In the fatigue initiation phase, the data were analyzed using a probabilistic model based on a Weibull distribution. The most relevant findings of this study are as follows: regarding the fatigue limits obtained for the adhesive joint under mode II fracture, a decrease in load-bearing capacity was observed due to degradation processes—around 20% under static loading conditions for salt spray exposure, and 25% for hygrothermal degradation. As for the fatigue crack growth phase, the crack propagation rates were found to depend on the specific environmental degradation process to which the tested specimens were subjected.
Abstract
This study analyzes delamination in CFRP adhesive joints under mode II loading in both static and dynamic regimes. The ENF test was used to evaluate the effect of exposure [...]
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Ballast Impact Damage Characterization. Determination of Acceptance/Rejection Criteria for Railway Components Made of CFRP.
F. García Piñeiro, M. Peinado, E. Ochoa

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 8

Abstract
In recent years, the railway sector has been developing high-responsibility lighter components (such as the running gear frame), made from composites (mainly CFRP) to meet the new challenges of the sector. However, these components may be more sensitive to damage from impacts compared to conventional metallic ones. In high-speed train operations, elements located on the lower parts of the train are exposed to impacts with ballast stones that are lifted as the train passes (v > 200 km/h), leading to damage (sometimes internal and not visible) that can limit the use of these materials. During the development of CFRP components by Talgo, the damage caused by these types of low-velocity impacts has been analyzed and evaluated. These impacts can cause damage that requires more or less complex technologies (such as ultrasound) for evaluation, which are difficult to implement in maintenance operations. From the studies conducted on CFRP materials (compliant with the EN-45545 standard for fire, smoke, and toxicity), it has been found that acceptable approaches can be used, with easily implementable measures in routine inspections, to estimate the damage caused by ballast stone impacts. In these analyses, it was observed that: a) It is possible to estimate the impact energy level through the depth of the surface damage, b) it is possible to estimate the size of the internal damaged area based on the energy level, and c) it is possible to determine the residual strength based on the size of the internal damaged area. These results allow us to establish both acceptance requirements and criteria for the repair and rejection of materials
Abstract
In recent years, the railway sector has been developing high-responsibility lighter components (such as the running gear frame), made from composites (mainly CFRP) to meet [...]
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Polymerization kinetics of a recyclable thermoplastic as a matrix for structural composites
S. Zaidi, D. Sánchez-Rodríguez, J. Farjas, R. Verdejo Márquez, M. López-Machado, D. Trias, J. Costa

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 11

Abstract
In this contribution we have performed the kinetic analysis of the curing process and of its thermal decomposition. Due to the presence of a peroxide initiator, polymerization is a complex process involving an induction period for a fast cross-linking reaction. From the kinetic analysis, we have been able to characterize the induction time and the degradation kinetics. Finally, from the analysis of the volatiles we have determine that the main volatile generated during decomposition is the monomer.
Abstract
In this contribution we have performed the kinetic analysis of the curing process and of its thermal decomposition. Due to the presence of a peroxide initiator, polymerization [...]
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Long-term performance of injection-molded isotactic polypropylene containing weld lines in unfilled and glass fiber-reinforced grades
A. Arriaga

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 13

Abstract
The study of weld lines in polymers is far from settled, especially in predicting how materials perform over long periods under stress. While previous research has explored the behavior of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in both its unfilled and glass fiber-reinforced forms, the focus has been largely on short-term behavior. However, this study shifts the lens to long-term performance under complex conditions, specifically looking at creep and fatigue. We take a novel approach by considering iPP with 30% glass fiber reinforcement, using tensile samples that induce weld line formation. Creep behavior is measured across a broad range of strain rates and temperatures, aiming to understand the underlying mechanisms that govern material failure. These short-term tests are then linked to more comprehensive long-term evaluations, including cyclic loading and creep-to-rupture tests. Crack growth is assessed using CT specimens, enabling us to capture failure modes that are otherwise difficult to quantify. The study goes further by proposing a new way to model deformation. Instead of relying on traditional methods, we turn to the Eyring equation for a more accurate prediction of failure times under cyclic stress, especially as materials transition to brittle fracture at higher temperatures. These predictions match experimental results, demonstrating the potential of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) in assessing long-term material performance. Ultimately, this research challenges conventional models and provides a pathway for more accurate long-term predictions, a crucial step for industries relying on polymer materials in demanding environments.
Abstract
The study of weld lines in polymers is far from settled, especially in predicting how materials perform over long periods under stress. While previous research has explored [...]
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Buckling analysis of laminates subjected to biaxial loads using cruciform specimens
M. Serna Moreno, S. Horta Muñoz

Materiales Compuestos (2026). Vol. 09 - Comunicaciones MatComp25 (2025), (Núm. 3 - Caracterización Experimental), 4

Abstract
This study presents the compression-compression test with cruciform specimens (test CC) as a viable methodology to assess the geometric instability of a ∓45° symmetric laminate. The central region of the specimen, subjected to biaxial loading, exhibits a geometry similar to that of a square plate fixed along its entire perimeter. The bifurcation of the strains recorded at the top and bottom surfaces of the laminate is considered to be the threshold between the in-plane biaxial response and the response dominated by bending and torsional moments. The nonlinearities observed in the evolution of the stress-strain relationship in the region subjected to biaxial loading are confirmed to be independent of the response of the specimen arms. The bending-torsion coupling effects at the beginning of the bifurcation are observed experimentally in the deflection surface recorded by Digital Image Correlation. The results obtained suggest that the test CC is potentially suitable for the observation and measurement of buckling modes under various boundary conditions. However, more work is needed to reduce the quantitative dispersion. Specifically, the research should focus on minimizing geometric imperfections and load misalignments.
Abstract
This study presents the compression-compression test with cruciform specimens (test CC) as a viable methodology to assess the geometric instability of a ∓45° symmetric [...]
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The Effects of Energy Efficient Behavior Reminders on Electricity Conservation in a New York Public High School
A. Chen, A. Lee, J. Kim

J. of Dawn. R. (2026). Vol. 8, 2

Abstract
Excessive electricity consumption negatively affects the economic growth of developing countries, and is a major cause of carbon emissions throughout the globe. This experiment investigated how the use of energy efficient behavior reminder affects electricity conservation in a New York City Public High School. In this experiment, during the first 10 days of the experiment, custodians were not reminded to turn off lights. From Day 11-20, reminders were sent to custodians every Monday and Fridays to turn off the light. During Day 21-30, reminders were sent everyday to remind custodians to turn off the lights. The results showed daily reminders had a significant decrease in electricity consumption compared to when no reminders were sent, but there was no significant difference between the percentage of lights being on, making it difficult to confirm if the custodians followed the reminders. The reminder of turning off lights was not a major source of electricity consumption and other factors might have consumed a larger portion of electricity.. More schools should be studied in order to validate the results. Future studies/research can test the effects of energy saving behavior reminders on electricity conservation from turning off electronic devices, such as smart boards or computers, at the end of the day.
Abstract
Excessive electricity consumption negatively affects the economic growth of developing countries, and is a major cause of carbon emissions throughout the globe. This experiment [...]
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