Abstract

Studying the development problems of the Arctic and the Far East has always been relevant due to the specific nature of these territories. At the same time, the existing support tools do not always consider this specificity, which is why the effects of their use are minimal.

In this regard, the purpose of this study is to develop recommendations for improving the social and economic development policy tools for the Far Eastern and Arctic regions. This goal will be addressed within the framework of solving the following tasks:

systematization of existing development tools,

assessment of the economic and social effects of the measures applied,

producing recommendations for the development or exclusion of existing tools.

The study was conducted using the methods of content analysis, retrospective analysis, and classification. The sources of information included regulatory documents and strategic planning documents, scientific publications, analytical data, and official statistics.

As a result, a list of measures for the development of the regions of the Far East and the Arctic was produced, and areas that required improvement were identified. The key findings are as follows.

Most of the development tools are focused on stimulating economic growth and increasing investment appeal, rather than improving the demographic situation.

The measures taken fail to translate into the expected economic and social effects. The number of specific and individual instruments for stimulating the socio-economic development of the Far East and the Arctic is insignificant. Some of the instruments duplicate each other, which entails uncertainty when considering opportunities for capital investments, disorienting potential investors.

As recommendations, it is proposed to review the list of instruments towards greater social support, development of individual mechanisms, and unification of territorial development instruments with overlapping scopes.

Abstract

The relevance of the research undertaken at RANEPA in 2021 is due to the fact that it is devoted to identifying perspective specializations of Russian regions, the targeted federal support of which will ensure the maximum effect in the growth of GRP, labor productivity, innovation activity and export volumes in the regions. The specialized types of economic activity of the regions are the subject of the study. To achieve the goal of determining the existing and perspective development of regional specializations, the following tasks were solved: a review of foreign and domestic experience in development of regional specializations was conducted, the author's methodological approach was developed, a comprehensive assessment of the specializations of the regions of Russia was carried out, and measures of their targeted federal support were proposed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that three localization indicators (products shipped, number of employees and investments in fixed assets in 173 economic activity types) were used together for the first time to identify the specializations of the regions (based on Rosstat data for 2017-2019). A comprehensive assessment of the prospects for the development of regional specializations includes defining their national and regional significance, labor productivity, innovation, and export activity, and considers their impact on the region’s development based on sectoral multipliers in terms of gross value added and the number of employees. Research methods include systemic analysis, factor analysis, statistical analysis of regional features of sectoral development, index method, etc. Using the proposed approach, the results of the evaluation of perspective specializations for 35 regions (for priority geostrategic regions and regions with individual development programs) were obtained, for which a set of sector-wide and specific measures of federal support was proposed. The application of the author’s approach is recommended for informational and methodological support and increasing the effectiveness of the state regional policy of Russia.

Abstract

The preprint considers official statistical data on fertility, migration and mortality across Russian regions in 2020-2021 and is aimed at a comparison of dynamics of these processes in the time of COVID-19 pandemic and in the preceding years. To carry out this comparison, changes of several key demographic indicators (life expectancy at birth and inputs of different age groups and causes of death into its changes; total fertility rates of children of different birth orders; indicators of migration balance) in regions of Russia in the time before and during the pandemic are considered. It is shown that regional differences in dynamics of the mortality indicators were especially large. Sources of these differences need a separate study. Changes in fertility were more uniform: the pattern with decreasing fertility of first and second children with stable fertility of 3+ children was most common across regions. For migration, a considerable decrease of number of regions with a positive migration balance was observed in 2020 and, still more, in 2021. 

Abstract

The relevance of the work is justified by the fact that it is devoted to the rapidly developing sector of the economy associated with the needs of the older generation. The growth of this sector is associated with the global trend of population aging. The subject of the study is the comparative level of the quality of life of senior citizens and the potential for the development of the longevity economy in the regions of Russia. Purpose of work: a comprehensive study of the factors and evaluation of the prospects for the development of the longevity economy in the regions of Russia and development of priority areas of regional policy. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were undertaken: analysis of scientific approaches to the study of the factors of formation and assessment of the prospects of the «longevity economy at the national and regional levels in the framework of foreign and domestic experience; development of an approach to a comprehensive assessment of factors and prospects for the development of the longevity economy in the regions of the Russia, taking into account the specifics of national and regional statistics; analysis of demographic, social and economic factors in the formation of the longevity economy and assessment of the prospects for its development in the regions of the Russia; a typology of the regions of the Russia in accordance with the assessment of the prospects for the development of the longevity economy; development of proposals on the priorities of regional policy, taking into account the course on import substitution in the conditions of sanctions pressure and the obtained estimates of the prospects for the development of the longevity economy in the regions of Russia. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the justification of the typology of Russian regions on the basis of the developed integral quality of the older generation life index and the prospects for the development of the longevity economy. Research methods applied: system, factor and statistical analysis of sectoral development, index method, etc. Based on the application of the author's approach, several Russian regions that need additional federal support to improve the older generation life quality and to develop a longevity economy were identified. Priority measures of regional policy have been developed for such regions. The application of the authors’ approach is recommended for information and methodological support of the state regional policy of Russia and increasing of its effectiveness. 

Abstract

The relevance of the work undertaken in RANEPA in 2022 is due to the fact that the national goals of socio-economic development of Russia for the period up to 2030, defined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 21.07.2020 N 474, are formulated taking into account the tasks of achieving the global sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the UN. A prerequisite for their implementation is participation of the regions in the process. Localization of the SDGs in line with the new international approaches will strengthen the sustainability of regional policies and cooperation. The subject of the study is new methodology for assessing the achievement of the SDGsfor the regions of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the work is to develop a methodology for assessing the achievement of the UN SDGs by the regions of Russia to clarify the priority areas of regional policy and is based on the following tasks undertaken: analysis of the experience of developed countries in developing an approach and assessing the achievement of SDGs at the level of regions of the second territorial level (according to the OECD classification); analysis of domestic experience in assessing the achievement of SDGs at different levels (national and regional); substantiation of the composition of indicators and methodological approach to assessing the achievement of SDGs at the regional level; formation of an information base for assessing the achievement of SDGs in the regions of the Russian Federation; approbation of the methodology; development of recommendations on priorities for the implementation of Russia's regional policy, based on estimates of indicators for achieving the SDGs. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that for the first time a new composite index has been developed to assess the achievement of the SDGs in the regions of Russia, based on a system of indicators, consistent with the national goals of Russia until 2030. On its basis, experimental assessments have been obtained that allow for interregional comparisons. Research methods applied: system, factor and statistical analysis of the distribution of indicators; index method, etc. Research results can be used to: clarify priorities and develop regional policy mechanisms that ensure the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals in the regions of Russia, as well as the achievement of the country's national development goals until 2030 in territorial dimension. The application of the authors’ approach is recommended for information and methodological support of the state regional policy development to increase its effectiveness.