Abstract

The technologies of the semantic web have reached a high degree of development. There are hundreds of metadata schemes and ontologies and thousands of datasets available for public use. The next step is to improve access, reuse and trust on datasets. This article includes vocabularies for describing datasets (DCAT) and their provenance (PROV-O), specifying mechanisms for access and use of data (DUV), and defining quality indicators (DQV).

Abstract

In recent years there have been changes to the theoretical and methodological approaches to archival descriptions. Technologies and new users have forced change to the methods of conceiving the description process. The postmodern paradigm has influenced the way in which information is represented, blurring the borders between archives, libraries, and museums. In this context, the International Council of Archives has developed a conceptual model for the description called Records in context. This model unifies the ISAD(G), ISAAR(CPF), ISDF, and ISDIAH standards and establishes the entities, properties, and relationships of the archival descriptions. The model facilitates decentralized semantic interoperability and enables the development of an OWL ontology for the representation and publication of archival datasets using semantic web technologies. Records in context places archival resources within the dynamics of direct Web publishing and offer

Abstract

The second part of ISO 25964 on interoperability of thesauri with other knowledge organization systems is presented in the context of the Internet and semantic web. A review is offered of the main mapping models, the main semantic relation mappings, and the intricacies of mapping thesauri against bibliographical and archival classifications, taxonomies, subject heading systems, ontologies, terminologies, authority lists, and synonym rings. Finally, the implications of the ISO 25964 standard for the theory and practice of knowledge organization systems are discussed.

Abstract

DBpedia y Wikidata are two semantic projects built on the top of Wikipedia encyclopedic content that has been crowdsourced, created, and maintained by thriving online communities. This article outlines differences and similarities between these two projects, pointing out their data models, curation patterns, and technologies. In addition, it forecasts some possible trends for their co-evolution as crossdomain open knowledge graphs and their significant value as hubs of interlinking datasets of various domains.

Abstract

Based on the approach of the role that documentary languages develop in the linked open data environment, two ontologies for publishing authority control files are briefly analysed: Mads/RDF and the GND ontology. We consider the need to contemplate the linked open data reality in a more inclusive and global perspective, in which not only datasets are interconnected, but also controlled vocabularies and description models.

Abstract

Recent developments in ontology research in the fields of Library and Information Science (LIS), Computer Sciences, and other related disciplines are examined through a bibliometric survey. Results confirm that the current research surge must be contextualized in terms of Internet developments and, especially, the Semantic Web Project. Research on formal ontologies for knowledge representation is changing the course of research on knowledge organization and representation, and is even causing changes in LIS terminology, as occurred previously with the metadata movement in the field of cataloguing.

Abstract

Since the (re)appearance of ontologies in the late nineties, there is a debate about the relationship between thesauri and ontologies. This article presents a synthesis of this debate, focusing on the use of these tools in the information systems area, which is the best one to compare both technologies, utilizing the concept of document description semantics.

Abstract

With the increasing number of web sites, the time spent by users reviewing the results also increases. In addition, the nature of web content is semantically heterogeneous and oriented to people who will be able to understand it. Frequently the results from search engines do not correspond to the expected topic. One approach to improve the results is to match the content of the web pages with a formal vocabulary on the topic (ontology) and with the informal vocabulary (common terms of the topic but not in the ontology). This paper describes a web search method that takes advantage of ontologies to reduce the search area of certain topics. With this approach the relevance of search engine results is enhanced by filtering the content through the integration of domain ontologies, the WordNet thesaurus, and a hierarchical similarity measure. Thus, the improvement on the relevance of results reduces the time required to review such results.

Abstract

A practical approach to the development of ontologies from thesauri is presented, using the Methontology methodology, which permits the use of any language developed so far for the implementation of ontologies, as well as semantic web annotations based on these ontologies. This approach is an alternative to SKOS-Core, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) approach to publication of thesauri within the semantic web. The advantage of our approach is that it provides significantly more semantic information than a thesaurus (and, hence, than does SKOS-Core). A two-level ontological architecture for domain representation is also described, consisting of a knowledge representation ontology [based on Ranganathan’s (1967) facets] for the representation of high-level relationships in the domain and a domain ontology for the description of a particular field within the domain.

Abstract

The development of an ontology for information control is proposed to manage visual images of and references to individuals in information management systems of television channels. Research has established precedents for the use of ontologies in the audiovisual field, providing a baseline for measuring and understanding ongoing developments. This practical approach offers a quick, straightforward solution to onomastic control in information retrieval, permitting control and development of relationships between individuals covered in the media. This creates a network of television personalities we can draw upon to improve the outcomes of retrieval processes.