Abstract

Abstract

La destilación es la técnica de separación más común para mezclas líquidas con dos o más componentes. Mediante el uso de etapas en serie se logran separaciones de alta pureza que no son viables por otros medios. El principal inconveniente de la destilación tradicional es su enorme consumo de energía, para reducirlo se han empleado diversas metodologías de integración energética (IE), que en esencia buscan usar las corrientes calientes de salida (que queremos enfriar) para calentar los materiales fríos que entran al proceso o para generar vapor y energía eléctrica en equipos de cogeneració n, para así reducir el consumo de energía y servicios de enfriamiento. El modelo dinámico de una columna de destilación, para los casos tradicional e integrado, se puede describir como un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias de primer orden que incluye los balances de materia y energía de cada etapa, cuando este modelo se lleva al estado estable, se transforma en un sistema de ecuaciones algebraicas no lineales. En este trabajo se aplican diversos métodos de solución al sistema de ecuaciones no lineales, mostrando sus ventajas y desventajas, as í como algunos problemas de convergencia que se presentan durante su solución numérica.

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

The use of tensegrity structures in soft robotics has seen an increased interest in recent years thanks to their mechanical properties, but the control of these systems remains an open problem. This paper presents a reconfiguration strategy for actuated multi-stage tensegrity structures. The algorithm works on the principle of using the infinitesimal mechanisms of the structure to generate a path of positions along which a multistage tensegrity structure can change its shape while maintaining the self-equilibrium. Combining the force density method with a marching procedure, the solution to the equilibrium problem is given by a set of differential equations that define the kinematic constraints of the structure. Beginning from an initial stable position, the algorithm calculates a small displacement until a new stable configuration is reached, and recurrently repeats the process during a given interval of time. By means of three numerical examples, we show the efficacy of our algorithm for reconfiguring a two-stage tensegrity mast along different directions.

Abstract

This study explores the development and application of data-driven control techniques for managing the power of a laser system used in the in-situ consolidation process of thermoplastic materials (ISC). We discuss the correlation among the main variables - temperature, power, layer number, and lamination speed - and how these interactions inform the design of our control models. Two types of prediction models, multiple polynomial regression and support vector machines are compared. Though the software solution developed here is for testing purposes and not for production, we demonstrate the utility and flexibility of machine learning control approaches for this type of manufacturing process.

Abstract

Dynamic Data-Driven Application Systems—DDDAS—appear as a new paradigm in the field of applied sciences and engineering, and in particular in Simulation-based Engineering Sciences. By DDDAS we mean a set of techniques that allow to link simulation tools with measurement devices for real-time control of systems and processes. In this paper a novel simulation technique is developed with an eye towards its employ in the field of DDDAS. The main novelty of this technique relies in the consideration of parameters of the model as new dimensions in the parametric space. Such models often live in highly multidimensional spaces suffering the so-called curse of dimensionality. To avoid this problem related to mesh-based techniques, in this work an approach based upon the Proper Generalized Decomposition—PGD—is developed, which is able to circumvent the redoubtable curse of dimensionality. The approach thus developed is composed by a marriage of DDDAS concepts and a combination of PGD “off-line” computations, linked to “on-line” post-processing. In this work we explore some possibilities in the context of process control, malfunctioning identification and system reconfiguration in real time, showing the potentialities of the technique in real engineering contexts.

Abstract

Abstract