Abstract

This paper analyzes communication for health in Africa through some fields experiences. These education compaigns show that the communication approaches are little participative. They don’t take into account the socio–cultural reality of local communities and then face various methodological problems. Yet, if well conducted, health oriented communication can help to reduce the impact of recurrent health problems in Africa.

Abstract

Description of some of the critical issues that a competitive intelligence and surveillance technology professional has to take into account when implementing such functions in an organization. The achievements and challenges summarized in the text come from the author’s experience, both in the implementation of platforms and intelligence units in government and private companies in Spain and abroad, as well as from research work done so far.

Abstract

The electronic management of documents and records is facing major challenges: the integration of document processes and checks in routine work processes; risk analysis; techniques and controls needed to manage records and digital evidence controls (metadata, digital signature, authenticity, integrity, preservation); and access restrictions for citizenship or customers. Information professionals are invited to take an active role in resolving these complex problems.

Abstract

Many important filmmakers have perfected their cinematographic technique by filming advertisements. For this reason, it is not surprising that advertising materials are often included when filmmakers donate their work to a film archive. However, these materials are not always properly catalogued and their dissemination and use is quite limited. This paper describes the quantity and variety of advertising documents preserved in the Spanish film archives, emphasizes their importance as primary information sources for understanding the history of advertising in particular and of cinematography in general, and explains some of the difficulties and challenges of analysing them as documents. The challenge of documentary control of these materials lies not only in the amount of work, but 1) the lack of a methodology that encompasses all documentary procedures and 2) the lack of qualified personnel.

Abstract

Background:          The growing number of electric vehicles gives rise to a whole new reverse supply chain. Once the electric vehicle batteries reach their end-of-life, societal and governmental pressure forces automotive manufacturers to set up a network for disposing the hazardous batteries. Although, the volumes of returned batteries remain low, volumes will increase in upcoming years. Current networks and processes related to the return flow of electric vehicle batteries are not well established, nor well defined. Thus, creating an urgency to develop efficient collection networks.   Purpose:                  The purpose of this study is to investigate how reverse logistics networks are currently set up and to provide an overview of how the different actors and processes are connected. In addition, this thesis aims to identify challenges encountered by logistics providers and recyclers. By doing so, we hope to contribute to the research gap of which factors that constitutes a bottleneck for further development of the reverse logistics chain of electric vehicle batteries.   Method:                  The thesis conducts an interview study and is qualitative in nature. Semi-structured interviews generated empirical data, which was analysed through cross-case analysis incorporating a thematic analysis. Through this analysis we were able to achieve new theoretical understandings in connection to institutional theory.   Conclusion:             Through empirical findings a detailed framework of the reverse logistics chain of EVBs is portrayed. Furthermore, different challenges span over the processes illustrated in the framework. This presents an overview which is not found in current literature and extends current research on this topic.

Abstract

transport is one of the most important industries in the world with its rapid growth, and direct and indirect contribution to world economy. In other words, GDP, tourism and employment are the key factors causing that growth in air transport and an increase in those factors boost the demand for air transport. However, uncertainty in economy, rising unemployment and increased terrorist attacks towards tourism would be a big threat to the growth of air transport in the future. To understand the importance of the mentioned factors, we first aim to apply an econometric approach which is panel Granger causality analysis. To achieve that, data from World Bank data set for OECD countries between the year of 2000 and 2013 is used in this study. We apply Pesaran CDLM test and Friedman’s test which are preferred when the number of units (N) is higher than the time (T) to test cross-sectional dependence and we then perform Granger causality analysis in order to see whether there is a causal relationship (unidirectional or bidirectional) or not among air transport, tourism, economic growth and employment. Econometric results indicate that there is a unidirectional short run causal relationship between economic growth, tourism, employment and air transport and that those factors play an important role in the growth of air transport. In this paper, we also aim to discuss the future challenges for air transport within the frame of econometric results and statistical analysis. Publisher version

Abstract

International audience; Nowadays, the Smart Grid (SG) is becoming smarter thanks to the integration of different information and communication technologies to enhance the reliability and efficiency of the power grid. However, several issues should be met to ensure high SG performance. Among these issues, we cite the problem of electric vehicles (EVs) integration into the SG to avoid electricity intermittence due to the important load that EVs can create. Another issue is the SG communication network security that can be attempted by malicious intruders in order to create damages and make the power grid instable. In this context, we propose at a first level a Bayesian game-theory model that aims to integrate optimally EVs into the SG and maintain the equilibrium between the offer and the demand. At a second level, we propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to protect the SG from attacks that aim to disturb the state estimation. Numerical results prove the efficiency and robustness of our proposed models.

Abstract

There are several studies and reports that identify the challenges that Public Relations must assume in the coming years, but how will the professional field face them? Are the organizations and institutions prepared to assume the new needs that constant adaptation demands? What are the priorities that they must establish so that the profession is renewed? The profession, in order to face the challenges that the future holds in the changing society in which we live, must commit itself to training. Thanks to training, public relations professionals will be able to achieve a high degree of specialization in the discipline. Strategic vision, Public Relations (PR) assessment, commitment to quality and professional ethics, transparency, as well as inclusion and equality must be the benchmarks of the sector.

Abstract

There are several studies and reports that identify the challenges that Public Relations must assume in the coming years, but how will the professional field face them? Are the organizations and institutions prepared to assume the new needs that constant adaptation demands? What are the priorities that they must establish so that the profession is renewed? The profession, in order to face the challenges that the future holds in the changing society in which we live, must commit itself to training. Thanks to training, public relations professionals will be able to achieve a high degree of specialization in the discipline. Strategic vision, Public Relations (PR) assessment, commitment to quality and professional ethics, transparency, as well as inclusion and equality must be the benchmarks of the sector.

Abstract

The rise of fact-checking as an innovative tool aimed at improving democratic well-being has become a transnational movement in journalism. In June 2021, the Duke Reporters’ Lab database features 341 such initiatives around the world, including 33 active fact-checking projects in countries pertaining to the Mediterranean or Polarized Pluralist Model (Hallin; Mancini, 2004). Following previous research on fact-checking in other territories, this qualitative study expands the understanding of how this practice is performed by four platforms of countries belonging to this journalistic culture: Maldita.es (Spain), Les Surligneurs (France), Observador (Portugal), and Pagella Politica (Italy). Through in-depth interviews with their decision-makers, this work offers a deep understanding of the structure, agenda, practices, and values, the role of the public, and the challenges that these organizations face. Normally run by small but multidisciplinary teams, the studied initiatives show high levels of transparency and a tendency for continuous improvement and professionalization despite their limitations. Following the example of leading initiatives in the USA, the UK, Latin America and Europe, the analyzed organizations cover a wide range of thematic areas and make use of the latest digital tools. They employ robust methodologies when selecting the content they verify, consult an extensive range of sources, and set various control filters before publication, which proves their commitment to transparency and accountability. Furthermore, they guarantee the right of reply and are widely open to public participation and broader dissemination of their work through mainstream media. From difficulties in accessing public information to scarcity of resources and increased competition, fact-checking platforms in the Mediterranean context face major challenges that have forced them to rethink their role and find new revenue streams. These organizations highlight the need to enhance the impact of fact-checking among citizens, journalists, and politicians and, ultimately, to go back to the roots of journalism.