Abstract

ns4:p"Pipeline tools are becoming increasingly important within the field of bioinformatics. Using a pipeline manager to manage and run workflows comprised of multiple tools reduces workload and makes analysis results more reproducible. Existing tools require significant work to install and get running, typically needing pipeline scripts to be written from scratch before running any analysis. We present Cluster Flow, a simple and flexible bioinformatics pipeline tool designed to be quick and easy to install. Cluster Flow comes with 40 modules for common NGS processing steps, ready to work out of the box. Pipelines are assembled using these modules with a simple syntax that can be easily modified as required. Core helper functions automate many common NGS procedures, making running pipelines simple. Cluster Flow is available with an GNU GPLv3 license on GitHub. Documentation, examples and an online demo are available at "ns4:ext-link xmlns:ns3="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" ns3:href="http://clusterflow.io""http://clusterflow.io"/ns4:ext-link"."/ns4 Document type: Article

Abstract

The category of determination (or indetermination) is typical of all languages. In Italian, this category is grammaticalized in the forms of articles. Articles — the relationship between definite and indefinite — have always been one of the features of Italian grammar that Russian-speaking students find challenging. This is in part because of the frequency of exceptions to the stated rules and in part because of a terminology which, instead of simplifying, complicates the situation. The analysis of essays written by Russian students of Italian showed that approximately one third of their mistakes concerns the failure to recognize the need to use the indefinite article in the plural (ho passato le/delle vacanze bellissime - I enjoyed my holidays). The discussion of these mistakes made clear that students cannot feel the difference from a pragmatic (and implicational) point of view in the usage of the two articles. In light of this, Valency Grammar can be a valid tool to shorten the gap existing between theoretical knowledge and practical competence.