Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Romanian Historical Building under Near-Source Earthquake

Abstract

The ground motion vertical component is generally ignored in the analysis of ordinary building structures, even though observed damages after last earthquakes highlighted its marked influence especially on the response of masonry structures. In the present research work, the effect of ground motion vertical components in case of near-source excitations has been analysed. The investigation has been made on the Banloc Castle, a historical masonry building damaged by the Banat-Voiteg earthquake occurred on December 1991 in the Region of Banloc in Romania. A FEM model of the building, setup with the DIANA FEA analysis software, has been investigated in the non-linear dynamic field. In particular, the records have been referred to the Banloc site, located 7.01 km far from the epicentre with a moment magnitude Mw=5.5 and a focal depth of 9 km. The behaviour of the ground motion components has been characterised by the V/H peak ground acceleration ratio. In order to estimate the influence of the vertical seismic motion in terms of both displacements and stress regime, two different scenarios have been analysed. The first scenario has taken into account the horizontal component only, whereas the second one has analysed the simultaneous effects of three components of the seismic action. Finally, numerical damage patterns have been plotted aiming to simulate the real cracks detected in the case study after the considered seismic event.

Full document

References

[1] Mosoarca, M., Onescu I., Azap, B.; Onescu, E., Chieffo, N. Szitar-Sirbu, M. Seismic vulnerability assessment for the historical areas of the Timisoara city, Romania. Eng. Fail. Anal. (2019), 101:86–112.

[2] Chieffo, N., Clementi, F., Formisano, A., Lenci, S. Comparative fragility methods for seismic assessment of masonry buildings located in Muccia (Italy). Journal of Building Engineering, (2019), 25, 100813.

[3] Formisano, A. Theoretical and Numerical Seismic Analysis of Masonry Building Aggregates: Case Studies in San Pio Delle Camere (L’Aquila, Italy). Journal of Earthquake Engineering, (2017), 21:227-245.

[4] Onescu, I., Mosoarca, M., Azap, B., Onescu, E. Seismic Losses Scenario for Cultural Promenade in Timisoara Capital of Culture 2021, Romania. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. (2019), 471, 102041.

[5] Chieffo, N., Formisano, A., Ferreira, T.M. Damage scenario-based approach and retrofitting strategies for seismic risk mitigation: an application to the historical Centre of Sant’Antimo (Italy). Eur. J. Environ. Civ. Eng. (2019).

[6] Di Michele, F., Cantagallo, C., Spacone, E. Effects of the vertical seismic component on seismic performance of an unreinforced masonry structures. Bull. Earthquake Eng. (2019), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-019-00765-3.

[7] Diotallevi, P.P., Landi, L. Effect of the axial force and of the vertical ground motion component on the seismic response of R/C frames. In: 12th World conference on earthquake engineering, (2000), Auckland.

[8] Di Sarno, L., Elnashai, A.S., Manfredi, G. Assessment of RC columns subjected to horizontal and vertical ground motions recorded during the 2009 L’Aquila (Italy) earthquake. Eng. Struct. (2011), 33:1514–1535.

[9] Borcia, I.S., Craifaleanu, I.G., Calarasu, E.A. Examples of use of the SM-ROM-GL Database. In 5th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering and 1st National Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology–5CNIS & 1CNISS, Bucharest, Romania, (2014), 1:165-172.

[10] Panza, G., Romanelli, F., Vaccari, F. Realistic modelling of waveforms in laterally heterogeneous anelastic media by modal summation. Geophysical Journal International, (2000), 143:340-352.

[11] Seismosoft. SeismoSignal, User’s Manual. 2018.

[12] Newmark, N.M., Hall, W.J. Earthquake spectra and design. EERI monograph series, (1982), Oakland.

[13] DIANA, Displacement methods ANAlyser, release 10.2, User’s Manual. n.d.

[14] Lourenço, P.B., Pereira, J.M. Seismic Retrofitting Project, recommendations for advanced modeling of historic earthen site. The Getty Conservation Institute, LA (2018), ISBN: 978-1-937433-53-6.

[15] Mendes, N., Lourenço, P.B., Campos-Costa, A. Shaking table testing of an existing masonry building: Assessment and improvement of the seismic performance. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, (2014), 43:247-266.

[16] Turnšek, V., Čačovič, F. Some experimental results on the strength of brick masonry walls. In Proceedings of the 2nd international brick masonry conference, (1971), 149–156.

[17] EN 1998-1:2004 (2004) Eurocode 8-Design of structures for earthquake resistance. Part 1: general rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels.

[18] Mosoarca, M., Gioncu, V. Seismic management and damage prevention of religious buildings situated in seismic areas. Journal of Cultural Heritage, (2013) 14:e65-e72.

[19] IPROTIM TIMISOARA. Expertiza cu principii de consolidare (In Romanian). Pr. Nr. 35353/330, (1990).