60th Anniversary Symposium of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS Symposium 2019)
9th International Conference on Textile Composites and Inflatable Structures (Structural Membranes 2019)
The conference cover all aspects related to material, design, computation, construction, maintenance, history, environmental impact and sustainability of shell, spatial, tension and inflatable structures in all fields of application.
In addition to incorporating the Annual Symposium of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures (IASS), FORM and FORCE 2019 will be proposed as a Thematic Conference of the European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS) and a Special Interest Conference of the International Association for Computational Mechanics (IACM).
In this research work, the studies of the previous authors have been applied and expanded to other types of structural problems: Euler-Bernoulli beams, axisymmetric shells and arbitrary shape shells. The main novelty of the particular interest in this work is recasting the mentioned developments in the framework of the mixed Hu-Washizu type variational formulation. Different FE/EV approximations have been accommodated owing to such a variational formulation, in particular Cell Centered and Cell Vertex FV schemes combined with simple linear finite element interpolation have been studied.
Abstract In this research work, the studies of the previous authors have been applied and expanded to other types of structural problems: Euler-Bernoulli beams, axisymmetric shells [...]
El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es extender la clase de aproximación de discontinuidad fuerte, originalmente propuesta por Simó, Oliver y Armero (1993), con objeto de contemplar la posibilidad del empleo de leyes de endurecimiento cualesquiera para representar el comportamiento del material. Además, se busca establecer el vínculo definitivo entre los modelos teóricos continuos, que consideran que la localización se asocia a la formación de superficies de discontinuidad débil, y la teoría discontinua, que asocia la localización con la formación de superficies de discontinuidad fuerte.
Abstract El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es extender la clase de aproximación de discontinuidad fuerte, originalmente propuesta por Simó, Oliver y Armero (1993), [...]
Lagrangian finite element methods emerged in fluid dynamics when the deficiencies of the Eulerian
methods in treating free surface flows (or generally domains undergoing large shape deformations)
were faced. Their advantage relies upon natural tracking of boundaries and interfaces, a feature
particularly important for interaction problems. Another attractive feature is the absence of the
convective term in the fluid momentum equations written in the Lagrangian framework resulting
in a symmetric discrete system matrix, an important feature in case iterative solvers are utilized.
Unfortunately, the lack of the control over the mesh distortions is a major drawback of Lagrangian
methods. In order to overcome this, a Lagrangian method must be equipped with an efficient
re-meshing tool.
This work aims at developing formulations and algorithms where maximum advantage of using
Lagrangian finite element fluid formulations can be taken. In particular we concentrate our attention
at fluid-structure interaction and thermally coupled applications, most of which originate from
practical “real-life” problems. Two fundamental options are investigated - coupling two Lagrangian
formulations (e.g. Lagrangian fluid and Lagrangian structure) and coupling the Lagrangian and
Eulerian fluid formulations.
In the first part of this work the basic concepts of the Lagrangian fluids, the so-called Particle
Finite Element Method (PFEM) [1], [2] are presented. These include nodal variable storage, mesh
re-construction using Delaunay triangulation/tetrahedralization and alpha shape-based method for
identification of the computational domain boundaries. This shall serve as a general basis for all the
further developments of this work.
Next we show how an incompressible Lagrangian fluid can be used in a partitioned fluid-structure
interaction context. We present an improved Dirichlet-Neumann strategy for coupling the incompressible
Lagrangian fluid with a rigid body. This is finally applied to an industrial problem dealing
with the sea-landing of a satellite capsule.
In the following, an extension of the method is proposed to allow dealing with fluid-structure
problems involving general flexible structures. The method developed takes advantage of the symmetry
of the discrete system matrix and by introducing a slight fluid compressibility allows to treat
the fluid-structure interaction problem efficiently in a monolithic way. Thus, maximum benefit from
using a similar description for both the fluid (updated Lagrangian) and the solid (total Lagrangian)
is taken. We show next that the developed monolithic approach is particularly useful for modeling
the interaction with light-weight structures. The validation of the method is done by means of comparison with experimental results and with a number of different methods found in literature.
The second part of this work aims at coupling Lagrangian and Eulerian fluid formulations. The
application area is the modeling of polymers under fire conditions. This kind of problem consists
of modeling the two subsystems (namely the polymer and the surrounding air) and their thermomechanical
interaction. A compressible fluid formulation based on the Eulerian description is used for
modeling the air, whereas a Lagrangian description is used for the polymer. For the surrounding air
we develop a model based upon the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Such choice is dictated by
the presence of high temperature gradients in the problem of interest, which precludes the utilization
of the Boussinesq approximation. The formulation is restricted to the sub-sonic flow regime, meeting
the requirement of the problem of interest. The mechanical interaction of the subsystems is modeled
by means of a one-way coupling, where the polymer velocities are imposed on the interface elements
of the Eulerian mesh in a weak way. Thermal interaction is treated by means of the energy equation
solved on the Eulerian mesh, containing thermal properties of both the subsystems, namely air and
polymer. The developments of the second part of this work do not pretend to be by any means
exhaustive; for instance, radiation and chemical reaction phenomena are not considered. Rather we
make the first step in the direction of modeling the complicated thermo-mechanical problem and
provide a general framework that in the future can be enriched with a more detailed and sophisticated
models. However this would affect only the individual modules, preserving the overall architecture
of the solution procedure unchanged.
Each chapter concludes with the example section that includes both the validation tests and/or
applications to the real-life problems. The final chapter highlights the achievements of the work and
defines the future lines of research that naturally evolve from the results of this work.
Abstract Lagrangian finite element methods emerged in fluid dynamics when the deficiencies of the Eulerian
methods in treating free surface flows (or generally domains undergoing [...]
Q. Valverde, C. Saracibar, M. Cervera, M. Chiumenti
Monograph CIMNE (2002). M69
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar e implementar una formulación específica, robusta y precisa de elementos, capaz de abordar el problema de incompresibilidad en mecánica de sólidos, con modelos constitutivos elásticos y elasto-plásticos J2, tanto en el contexto de las deformaciones infinitesimales como de las grandes deformaciones.
Abstract El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar e implementar una formulación específica, robusta y precisa de elementos, capaz de abordar el problema de incompresibilidad [...]
La integración (interface) de los programas, por un lado el pre y postproceso y por el otro el análisis de estructuras por medio del MEF, GiD y Sap90 nos permiten de forma ágil y sencilla realizar el análisis de cualquier género estructural, por compleja que sea.
Abstract La integración (interface) de los programas, por un lado el pre y postproceso y por el otro el análisis de estructuras por medio del MEF, GiD y Sap90 nos permiten [...]
In this paper a study is performed on application of two recovery methods, i.e. Superconvergent Patch Recovery (SPR) and the Recovery by Equilibrium of Patches (REP), to plate problems. The two recovery methods have been recognized to give similar results in adaptive solutions of two dimensional stress problems. While the former applies a least square fit over a set of values at the so called superconvergent points, the latter does not need any knowledge of such points and thus has a wider application especially in non-linear problems. The formulation of REP is extended to Reissner-Mindlin plate problems. The convergence rates of the recovered fields of the gradients obtained from application of the two methods are compared using series of regular triangular and rectangular meshes for thick and thin plate solution cases. Assumed strain formulation based elements, i.e. the elements formulated by Mixed Interpolation of Tensorial Components, as well as conventional from of elements based on selective integration schemes are employed for the study. In order to investigate the possibility of any improvement in the results by adding equilibrium constraints to SPR, as some authors suggest for simple two-dimensional problems, some weighted forms of such conditions are designed and added to the formulation. Comprehensive study has been given first by varying the weight terms to obtain the best enhanced results and then using the optimal values to investigate the effects of the constraints on the rate of convergence. It is observed that despite of the cost of this approach, due to the coupling of the gradient terms, no significant improvement is achieved.
Abstract In this paper a study is performed on application of two recovery methods, i.e. Superconvergent Patch Recovery (SPR) and the Recovery by Equilibrium of Patches (REP), to plate [...]
This work presents the composite materials applied to Water Current Turbine (WCT) hydrokinetic turbines. Here will be briefly described the features of these turbines, the fluid-dynamic behavior of the rotor, and its structure formed into a composite material. From the structural viewpoint an advanced composite material formulation that allows an appropriate structural design is introduced. The generalized composite formulations here introduced take into account the nonlinear mechanical behavior of the component materials (matrix and fiber), as the local behavior of plasticity and damage, its anisotropy, the fiber matrix debonding, its material composition via a general mixing theory, and also the homogenized structural damage index definition. Hydrokinetic turbines bring newer advantages and greater possibilities for green hydroelectric power generation. For this reason, achieving a very high lift blade rotor to take the maximum kinetic energy advantage for rivers with a slow velocity flow is very important. A very low inertia rotor permits a self-starting effect for the axial water flow turbine to take the maximum advantage of the river kinetic energy which is very important in this kind of devices. A turbine rotor hydrofoil made in composite material can be designed for this purpose. One of the most commonly used composite material analysis formulation is herein introduced. Specifically, a particular Serial/Parallel (S/P) Mixing Theory with a better relation between model accuracy vs. computational cost is provided. In front to other formulation, the S/P Mixing Theory not increasing the degrees of freedom of the problem because is a constitutive formulation. A brief introduction to fluid-dynamic concept involving in the analysis of a rotor of this type of turbines is presented. This allows seeing the origin of the actions applied to the rotor of this type of turbines. In addition, two simple examples that show the potentiality of the model are presented in this chapter. Then, an application to the design of a rotor blade of a passing turbine, made of carbon fiber-reinforced matrix composite material, is shown.
Abstract This work presents the composite materials applied to Water Current Turbine (WCT) hydrokinetic turbines. Here will be briefly described the features of these turbines, the [...]
Avances en el análisis mediante elementos finitos de membranas curvas con ''wrinkling'' sujetas a grandes desplazamientos son presentados. Este reporte trata el estudio de membranas por el método de los elementos finitos mediante un análisis con no linealidad geométrica para materiales hiperelásticos. Una formulación sencilla en términos del tensor gradiente de deformación es usada para elementos finitos triangulares lineales. También se hace el análisis de membranas presforzadas, como se encuentran generalmente en la vida cotidiana.
Abstract Avances en el análisis mediante elementos finitos de membranas curvas con ''wrinkling'' sujetas a grandes desplazamientos son presentados. Este [...]
En el presente trabajo se desarrolla un nuevo modelo constitutivo, basado
en la mecánica de medios continuos, que permite modelar el comportamiento a fatiga
isotérmica bajo cargas periódicas. Este modelo permite tratar en forma conjunta
fenómenos acoplados, tales como la combinación de fatiga con daño, plasticidad,
fenómenos viscosos y temperatura.
Se presenta una formulación basada en la teoría de la plasticidad y daño y se
establecen las modificaciones necesarias a realizar en estas teorías, para garantizar la
inclusión del fenómeno de fatiga.
El estudio de la fatiga ha sido tema de continuos trabajos de investigación
en los últimos setenta años. Esto ha echado luz sobre esta disciplina, generando una
cantidad de publicaciones y teorías de distinta importancia. A pesar del gran
volumen de trabajo que ha realizado la ingeniería sobre este tema, se encuentran aun
grandes lagunas en cuanto a la simulación numérica del mismo y a la predicción de
vida útil en las piezas. Sobre este último tema pocas teorías han acertado y por lo
tanto no hay caminos claros para garantizar aciertos en este tema.
Basado en el estado actual del tema, se ha querido en este trabajo avanzar en
la dirección de la predicción de vida útil y utilizar las herramientas de la mecánica de
medios continuos para garantizar la concreción de las ideas.
Otra motivación del desarrollo de este trabajo se asienta en la peligrosidad
que involucra la falta de conocimientos para la realización de la predicción de vida
útil de las piezas. Las roturas por fatiga son especialmente peligrosas por que no
suelen presentar indicios de fallo inminente, sino que este se produce de modo
repentino y sin observar deformaciones plásticas de conjunto. Se trata pues de
roturas frágiles que se caracterizan por presentar zonas bien diferenciadas, una de
textura lisa con muestra de rotura dúctil y otra de textura gruesa rugosa más brillante
que es donde se localiza la rotura final al rebasar la resistencia máxima disminuida
por el fenómeno de fatiga.
Hay que recordar que normalmente la fatiga no sobreviene sola y que
siempre está acompañada de otros efectos mecánicos que en un principio pueden
parecer secundarios, pero al final se tornan determinantes en la vida de las piezas.
En la esperanza de abrir un camino para el tratamiento de este fenómeno
desde la mecánica de medios continuos, es que se desarrolla el presente trabajo.
Abstract En el presente trabajo se desarrolla un nuevo modelo constitutivo, basado
en la mecánica de medios continuos, que permite modelar el comportamiento a fatiga
isotérmica [...]
La mampostería es uno de los materiales de construcción con mayor abanico de usos, ya
sea en el pasado como en el presente, así es como hoy en día también se puede encontrar
en la construcción de edificaciones modernas. Los materiales utilizados a lo largo de la
historia como elementos componentes de la mampostería han sido muchos y muy
variados: desde la simple roca unida con mortero de cal (sillería), pasando por los
enormes bloques de mármol usados en la construcción de los grandes monumentos del
apogeo de la arquitectura del Renacimiento, hasta llegar a elementos cerámicos
refractarios como los que se utilizan para la construcción de hornos, centrales nucleares e
incluso como aislante térmico de naves espaciales.
Los métodos de cálculo avanzado (modelos constitutivos de la mecánica del medio
continuo) deben ser el pilar sobre el que desarrollar elementos más objetivos de análisis
estructural de la mampostería. Los elementos finitos son una herramienta potente en la que apoyar
el cálculo de la obra de fábrica pero, debido a que ésta tiene un tamaño pequeño respecto a las
dimensiones globales de la estructura, se hacen inviables desde el punto de vista computacional.
La necesidad de encontrar un método que equilibre sencillez, objetividad y rapidez de cálculo es la
que motiva el desarrollo de formulaciones con tratamiento al nivel de macromodelo de la
mampostería. La inquietud por conseguir este equilibrio hace a Jacob Lubliner y Sergio Oller
sentar las bases que permitirán el desarrollo del modelo
constitutivo homogeneizado que se presenta en este trabajo.
Abstract La mampostería es uno de los materiales de construcción con mayor abanico de usos, ya
sea en el pasado como en el presente, así es como hoy en día [...]