Policy labs in Europe: political innovation, structure and content analysis on Twitter


== Resumen ==

En los últimos años ha proliferado la creación de policy labs, laboratorios institucionales de innovación que tienen por objetivo abrir los procesos de diseño de políticas públicas a los diversos actores sociales implicados. En 2016 el Policy Lab creado por la Unión Europea promovió un informe en el que se identificaban 64 laboratorios de este tipo en Europa. El presente trabajo emplea análisis de redes para desvelar la estructura de las relaciones entre los 42 labs con presencia en Twitter. Posteriormente efectúa un análisis de contenido de los tuits publicados con el fin de conocer las temáticas de interés. Los resultados muestran una red fragmentada por países, así como los conceptos y temas clave de estos organismos.

== Texto completo ==
<pdf>Media:Draft_Content_304511565-64930-3641-document.pdf</pdf>


== Referencias ==

Almirall, Esteve; Wareham, Jonathan (2008). “Living labs and open innovation: Roles and applicability”. The electronic journal for virtual organizations and networks, v. 10, pp. 21-46.

Barzelay, Michael (2001). The new public management: Improving research and policy dialogue. University of California Press. ISBN: 978 0 520224438

Bastian, Mathieu; Heymann, Sebastien; Jacomy, Mathieu (2009). “Gephi: An open source software for exploring and manipulating networks”. In: Third intl AAAI Conf on weblogs and social media, pp. 17-18. https://gephi.org/publications/gephi-bastian-feb09.pdf

Bonacich, Phillip (2010). “Factoring and weighting approaches to status scores and clique identification”. The journal of mathematical sociology, v. 2, n. 1, pp. 113-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/0022250X.1972.9989806

Bonsón, Enrique; Torres, Lourdes; Royo, Sonia; Flores, Francisco (2012). “Local e-government 2.0: Social media and corporate transparency in municipalities”. Government information quarterly, v. 29, n. 2, pp. 123-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2011.10.001

Castells, Manuel (2013). Communication power. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978 0 19 956704 1

Cavallini, Simona; Soldi, Rosella; Friedl, Julia; Volpe, Margherita (2016). Using the quadruple helix approach to accelerate the transfer of research and innovation results to regional growth. European Union. Committee of the Regions. ISBN: 978 92 895 0890 2 https://doi.org/10.2863/408040

Ceron, Andrea (2017). “Intra-party politics in 140 characters”. Party politics, v. 23, n. 1, pp. 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068816654325

Cherepnalkoski, Darko; Karpf, Andreas; Mozetič, Igor; Grčar, Miha (2016). “Cohesion and coalition formation in the European Parliament: Roll-call votes and Twitter activities”. PloS one, v. 11, n. 11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166586

Chesbrough, Henry-William (2003). Open innovation: The new imperative for creating and profiting from technology. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. ISBN: 978 1 578518371

Chesbrough, Henry-William (2006). Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press. ISBN: 978 1 422104279

Del-Fresno-García, Miguel (2014). “Haciendo visible lo invisible: visualización de la estructura de las relaciones en red en Twitter por medio del análisis de redes sociales”. El profesional de la información, v. 23, n. 3, pp. 46-252. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2014.may.04

Dunleavy, Patrick; Margetts, Helen; Bastow, Simon; Tinkler, Jane (2006). “New public management is dead -long live digital-era governance”. Journal of public administration research and theory, v. 16, n. 3, pp. 467-494. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mui057

Dwivedi, Onkar-Prasad (2005). “Administrative culture and values: Approaches”. In: Jabbra, Joseph; Dwivedi, Onkar-Prasad. Administrative culture in a global context. Ottawa: Sitter Publications, pp. 19-36. http://desitterpublications.com/books/images/admin_intro.pdf

European Commission (2009). Living labs for user-driven open innovation: An overview of the living labs methodology, activities and achievements. Brussels: European Commission, Information Society and Media. http://www.eurosportello.eu/sites/default/files/Living%20Lab%20brochure_jan09_en_0.pdf

European Commission (2014). Social innovation: A decade of changes. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. ISBN: 978 82 79 39417 1 https://doi.org/10.2796/27492

Fuller, Matt; Lochard, Anna (2016). Public policy labs in European Union member states. Publications Office of the European Union. ISBN: 978 92 79 60894 0 https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/public-policy-labs-european-union-member-states

Golbeck, Jennifer; Hansen, Derek (2011). “Computing political preference among Twitter followers”. In: Procs of the SIGCHI conf on human factors in computing systems, pp. 1105-1108. ACM. ISBN: 978 1 4503 0228 9 http://www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/trs/2010-20/2010-20.pdf

Lathrop, Daniel; Ruma, Laurel (2010). Open government: Collaboration, transparency, and participation in practice. O’Reilly Media, Inc. ISBN: 978 0 596804350

Lewis, Ted G. (2008). Network science: Theory and applications. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978 0 470 33188 0

McCombs, Maxwell (1996). “Influencia de las noticias en nuestras imágenes del mundo”. En: Bryant, Jennings; Zillmann, Dolf. Los efectos de los medios de comunicación: investigaciones y teorías. Barcelona: Paidós, pp. 13-34. ISBN: 84 493 0296 X

Martínez-Rolán, Xabier; Piñeiro-Otero, Teresa (2017). “Lazos invisibles de la comunicación política. Comunidades de partidos políticos en Twitter en unas elecciones municipales”. El profesional de la información, v. 26, n. 5, pp. 859-870. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2017.sep.08

Myers, Seth A.; Sharma, Aneesh; Gupta, Pankaj; Lin, Jimmy (2014). “Information network or social network?: The structure of the Twitter follow graph”. In: Procs of the 23rd intl conf on world wide web, ACM, pp. 493-498. https://doi.org/10.1145/2567948.2576939

Ohsawa, Yukio; Benson, Nels E.; Yachida, Masahiko (1998). “KeyGraph: Automatic indexing by co-occurrence graph based on building construction metaphor”. En: IEEE Intl forum on research and technology advances in digital libraries. ADL 98, pp. 12-18. https://doi.org/10.1109/ADL.1998.670375

Petty, Richard E.; Cacioppo, John T. (1986). “The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion”. In: Petty, Richard E.; Cacioppo, John T. Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York: Springer, pp. 1-24. ISBN: 978 1 4612 9378 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4964-1_1

Petty, Richard E.; Cacioppo, John T. (2011). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York: Springer. ISBN: 978 1 4612 9378 1

Priem, Jason; Hemminger, Bradely H. (2010). “Scientometrics 2.0: New metrics of scholarly impact on the social Web”. First Monday, v. 15, n. 7. https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v15i7.2874

Robinson-García, Nicolás; Costas, Rodrigo; Isett, Kimberley; Melkers, Julia; Hicks, Diana (2017). “The unbearable emptiness of tweeting—About journal articles”. PloS one, v. 12, n. 8. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183551

Rodríguez-Bolívar, Manuel-Pedro (2017). “Policy makers’ perceptions on the transformational effect of Web 2.0 technologies on public services delivery”. Electronic commerce research, v. 17, n. 2, pp. 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-015-9196-1

Rodríguez-Bolívar, Manuel-Pedro (2018). “Creative citizenship: The new wave for collaborative environments in smart cities”. Academia revista latinoamericana de administración, v. 31, n. 1, pp. 277-302. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-04-2017-0133

Romero-Frías, Esteban; Robinson-García, Nicolás (2017). “Laboratorios sociales en universidades: innovación e impacto en Medialab UGR”. Comunicar, v. 25, n. 51, pp. 29-38. https://doi.org/10.3916/C51-2017-03

Romero-Frías, Esteban; Vaughan, Liwen (2010). “European political trends viewed through patterns of Web linking”. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, v. 61, n. 10, pp. 2109-2121. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21375

Romero-Frías, Esteban; Vaughan, Liwen (2012). “Exploring the relationships between media and political parties through web hyperlink analysis: The case of Spain”. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, v. 63, n. 5, pp. 967-976. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.22625

Schwab, Christian; Bouckaert, Geert; Kuhlmann, Sabine (2017). “Autonomy, performance, participation: Lessons from the comparative study of local public sector reforms”. In: Schwab, Christian; Bouckaert, Geert; Kuhlmann, Sabine. The future of local government in Europe. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, pp. 11-22.

Sugimoto, Cassidy R.; Haustein, Stefanie; Ke, Qing; Larivière, Vincent (2016). “Social media metrics as indicators of broader impact”. En: OECD Blue sky III Forum on science and innovation indicators, pp. 19-21. https://bit.ly/2U12Kyx

Torres-Salinas, Daniel; Cabezas-Clavijo, Álvaro; Jiménez-Contreras, Evaristo (2013). “Altmetrics: nuevos indicadores para la comunicación científica en la Web 2.0”. Comunicar, v. 21, n. 41, pp. 53-60. https://doi.org/10.3916/C41-2013-05

Torres-Salinas, Daniel; Castillo-Valdivieso, Pedro-Ángel; Pérez-Luque, Álvaro; Romero-Frías, Esteban (2018). “Altmétricas a nivel institucional: visibilidad en la Web de la producción científica de las universidades españolas a partir de Altmetric.com”. El profesional de la información, v. 27, n. 3, pp. 27-36. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2018.may.03

Weaver, Iain S.; Williams, Hywel; Cioroianu, Iulia; Williams, Matthew; Coan, Travis; Banducci, Susan (2018). “Dynamic social media affiliations among UK politicians”. Social networks, v. 54, pp. 132-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2018.01.008

Wilsdon, James; Allen, Liz; Belfiore, Eleanora; Campbell, Philip; Curry, Stephen; Hill, Steven; Jones, Richard; Kain, Roger; Kerridge, Simon; Thelwall, Mike; Tinkler, Jane; Viney, Ian; Wouters, Paul; Hill, Jude; Johnson, Ben (2015). The metric tide: Report of the independent review of the role of metrics in research assessment and management. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.4929.1363

Zarco, Carmen; Del-Barrio-García, Salvador; Cordón, Óscar (2016). “Propuesta de rankings de universidades españolas en redes sociales”. El profesional de la información, v. 25, n. 4, pp. 684-698. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2016.jul.18