Abstract

Pakistan’s 2021 National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) articulates an ambitious goal: to steer the country toward “climate compatible development” – i.e. resilient, low-carbon growth . It lists 14 broad objectives (from sustaining growth while addressing climate impacts to building resilient infrastructure, protecting food/water security, and enhancing capacity ). The policy spans adaptation (water, agriculture, health, forestry, coastal and mountain ecosystems, disaster preparedness) and mitigation (energy, transport, industry, waste, carbon sequestration) across multiple sectors . Institutional mechanisms are envisaged: climate-change cells in federal/provincial ministries, inter-ministerial coordination bodies, and dedicated NCCP implementation committees at federal and provincial levels.