Abstract

Admission control in wired networks has been traditionally used as a way to control traffic congestion and guarantee quality of service. Here, we propose an admission control mechanism which aims to keep the power consumption at the lowest possible level by restricting the more energy-demanding users. This work relies on the fact that power consumption of networking devices, and of the network as a whole, is not proportional to the carried traffic, as would be the ideal case [1]. As a result some operating regions may be more efficient than others and “jumps” may arise in power consumption when new traffic is added in the network. The proposed mechanism aims to keep power consumption in the lowest possible power consumption level, hopping to the next level only when necessary. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

The energy consumption in telecommunication networks is expected to grow considerably, especially in core networks. In this chapter, optimization of energy consumption is approached from two directions. In a first study, multilayer traffic engineering (MLTE) is used to assign energy-efficient paths and logical topology to IP traffic. The relation with traditional capacity optimization is explained, and the MLTE strategy is applied for daily traffic variations. A second study considers the core network below the IP layer, giving a detailed power consumption model. Optical bypass is evaluated as a technique to achieve considerable power savings over per-hop optical–electronic–optical regeneration. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

This paper proposes to extend Mobile IP with adaptive individual paging. Paging reduces the signaling cost of Mobile IP making it more adapted to wireless cellular IP networks. By reducing the number of location updates to be sent per mobile host, paging also minimizes power consumption of the mobile devices. In the proposed extension, each mobile host computes dynamically its optimal location area size according to its traffic and mobility parameters. The optimal size is the size that provides the best paging versus location update cost tradeoff and, as a result, minimizes the signaling load in the network. We compare, by simulation, the performance of the proposed scheme with that of Mobile IP \\citeMIP, a paging scheme that uses fixed size location areas and Hierarchical Mobile IP \\citeCas98TR. We show that our extension provides a significant gain compared to Mobile IP and the fixed size paging scheme and performs as well and sometimes better than Hierarchical Mobile IP. We also show that the integration of adaptive individual paging within Hierarchical Mobile IP outperforms all scheme Document type: Report

Abstract

TNO has formulated the ambition of founding a basis for the development of flexible multi-data source and multi-application (ad hoc) sensor networks. These networks are envisioned on a scale that is beyond networks for specific and separate sensor networks. These separate networks need in the future to be combined intelligently in order to assist users with real-time assessment during operations in challenging environments. For this, enabling technologies such as network architectures and model-based data-interpretation are being developed. In this context TNO has developed wireless sensor networks that consist of very small and cheap nodes. Each node can be the size of a golf ball and can run for a long time on an A4 battery. They are designed to be deployed on a massive scale (100-10k or larger). In the tactical environment they are typically lying on the ground. Because it is very difficult to test the performance of such deployments under realistic and controllable conditions, simulation is the only way to get insight in this. This paper focuses on how to study the performance of massive deployments of these sensor networks through simulation. It describes the modeling, validation and simulation of such networks. Features such as antenna patterns, radio propagation/path loss, terrain, medium access and transport protocols, routing, and simulation parallelization are discussed. Model validation experiments for the antenna pattern, the path loss propagation and communication performance for nodes lying on the ground will be discussed. It further describes the implementation of a promising energy aware MAC and transport protocol that are proposed in the literature and are suitable for congestion mitigation and cross-layer optimization. Results on timeliness of messages, bandwidth and power consumption are discussed. ©2008 IEEE.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an investigation as to the interconnection between main exterior factors which can influence the power consumption during the vehicle movement in the conditions of real operation. According to the results of theoretic researches, there was determined an influence of every factor on the power consumption during vehicle movement in the modes typical for Lutsk city. There was established a contribution of the factors into the total power consumption on micro and macro levels. As a result of the study it was evaluated that an influence of a driver on a power consumption is situated within 50…80 %, an influence of an air resistance is up to 10 %, an influence of a longitudinal profile and a road resistance varies within 20…35 %. According to the results of experiments, there were determined the bus driving modes in urban conditions, and according to their results, there was built an average graph of bus movement in Lutsk city. There was made a mathematic modelling of electric vehicle movement, along with that there was taken into account the most probable range of change of the exterior factors, namely vehicle acceleration, road resistance, air resistance. It was proved that while speed is growing, the influence of road resistance and of air resistance is growing up and has a parabolic character, along with that the contribution of a driver is decreasing. The contribution of the study consists in that, There were proposed the coefficients of taking into consideration the influence of exterior factors on the power consumption by the vehicle and there was built a mathematic model for their determination. These coefficients of taking into consideration the influence of exterior factors on the power consumption give a possibility to evaluate the critical influences and to make an operative decision about the minimization of power consumption as for some specific vehicles, and for an enterprise. Further researches will focus on the plotting of telemetric means of informing, in a mode of real time, of the drivers of the vehicles, of the controllers of an enterprise about the exterior influences, that will give a possibility to make the appropriative decisions instantly. Besides, the given results can be used in order to determine the level of qualification of a driver, the state of road pavement, will give a possibility to find some more rational layout of bus stops, traffic lights, to optimize the routes of vehicles movement.