Abstract

The relevance of this study is related to the fact that every national financial system in the world has some degree of financially excluded population, and only the proportion of such population varies between countries or regions of a country. The importance of identifying the financially excluded population in Russia and its regions and developing a policy to reduce its proportion is an urgent task that will help develop the financial sector and address the most important social tasks outlined in presidential decrees. The purpose of the study is to develop a working definition of financial exclusion, conduct a study of financial inclusion in Russian regions and, based on its results, develop measures to increase the availability of financial services in constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The subject of this research is the quality of financial system of the Russian Federation. The research method or methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of the systems for designing indicators of the availability of financial services developed by such international organizations as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion, the Alliance for Financial Inclusion, and their application, while taking into account the specifics and approaches to definition and measurement of the availability of financial services at the national level.

As a result of the work carried out, the international practice of increasing availability of financial services was reviewed, a methodological approach to studying the availability of financial services at the national and federal levels was developed and tested, and recommendations on increasing the availability of financial services in regions of Russia were given.

The scientific novelty of the research lies in the collection and analysis of unique data on the state of financial services availability in the Russian regions. The recommendations produced as a result of the study indicate the need for further improvement of the financial system in terms of its focus on young people, people with a low level of education and socially unprotected segments of the population (need for new products and services), increasing the level of financial literacy of population and ensuring its well-being.

The project was carried out as part of research work by the Laboratory for Structural Research of the RANEPA Institute of Applied Economic Research in 2021

Abstract

The relevance of the study is determined by the urgent need to assess the potential conditions for the consolidation of public and private resources and the capabilities of the financial sector in the implementation of large-scale investment programs. The purpose of the study is to assess the ability and readiness of key economic agents and the financial system to increase investment activity in Russia. The subject of the study is the analysis of the main trends and features of the formation of investment resources by sources of financing and forms of ownership, characteristics of financial and material potential of investment and construction activities. The analysis of investment activity trends was carried out on the basis of methods of comparative analysis of official statistical data, review of strategic planning documents and regulatory and legislative framework. As a result of the study, general and specific features of investment activity in the period 2015-2021 were identified and systematized. Overcoming the consequences of crisis phenomena in the investment sphere is considered in the paradigm of changing the role and participation of the state, business, population and financial markets in resource mobilization and financing of investment projects. The analysis of trends in the formation of the material structure of investment resources allowed us to draw conclusions about the impact of imports of investment goods and determine the potential of domestic production in solving import substitution problems as a factor of innovation and technological modernization of the economy. The evaluation of the system of anti-crisis measures to support and finance investment projects allowed us to determine the potential for mobilizing budgetary and extra-budgetary sources and the distribution of risks between the state, private business and the population. The scientific novelty of the study consists in summarizing the current data on the state of the investment sphere, the practice of regulatory and organizational and managerial impact and assessing the financial sector's capabilities in consolidating resources. The recommendations based on the results of the study are related to the need to further improve the methods of state stimulation of investment activity and the development of tools for consolidating the resources of the public and private sectors, increasing the coherence of investment programs for industrial, technological, infrastructural and social development, reducing the risks of spatial and territorial differentiation and resource provision of investment programs.