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1Camillo De Camillis1,2, Paul Peeters3, Luigia Petti4 and Andrea Raggi4 1Dipartimento di Scienze, Universita degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio”, Pescara European Commission, Joint Research Centre, IES, Ispra* 3Center for Sustainable Transport and Tourism, NHTV Breda University of Applied Sciences, Breda, 4Dipartimento di Economia, Universita degli Studi “G. d’Annunzio”, Pescara 1,2,4Italy 3The Netherland Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

ustainable transport has become a major policy concern in recent years. The term suggests a need to consider transport in a comprehensive perspective including the well-being of both present and future generations, and taking environmental, social and economic issues into account. Indicators in forecasting and tracking the performance of transport systems increasingly guide sustainable transport policy making. This review explores the implications of the "sustainable transport" concept and how it can be made operational with indicators. A number of indicator systems are reviewed, and some strengths and weaknesses are highlighted with regard to the support they provide for sustainable transport development. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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Part 8: Information Systems and Applications; International audience; GeneDBase is a part of a research project titled “Creating a genetic database of selected species of mammals in the Czech Republic to be used for sustainable transport development”. The aim of the research project is to assess the impact of roads on the fragmentation of animal populations and their genetic variability. Further, the objective is to create a genetic database of mammals comprising the data from collected samples of selected wild animals which could be used widely, not only for road planning, but also in other fields (agriculture, environmental protection, land-use planning). Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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This paper focuses on the application of environmental justice principles specifically in the transport context. It begins by giving a background of the environmental justice movement and a definition, and proceeds to describe current legislative mandates in the United States. A holistic approach to transport planning is introduced to highlight the importance of the interrelationships between transport and land use planning. Current practices adopted in terms of environmental justice are illustrated from the Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission report as well as a description of the data limitations that result from the models used in current analyses. The paper concludes by providing some recommendations on the areas that need to be developed to address environmental justice principles adequately, and the applicability of these principles internationally. (a) Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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The energy sector is sensitive to changes in seasonal weather patterns and extremes – e.g. floods, droughts, fire, storm, and landslide, that can affect the supply of energy, impact transmission capacity, disrupt oil and gas production, and impact the integrity of transmission pipelines and power distribution. Much infrastructure, built to design codes based on historic climate data, will require decisions in coming years regarding rehabilitation, upgrade or replacement. This poses both a challenge and an opportunity for adaptation. This review is one of a series of sector?based papers commissioned as background to the report ‘managing uncertainty: adapting to climate change in ECA countries’ targeted at internal World Bank audiences as well as counterparts in client countries. Document type: Book

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Purpose – To examine the relationship between aviation and climate change, and the international dimensions of air transport.\r \r Methodology/approach – A review of aviation's impacts on the global climate, mitigation strategies to reduce this impact, and the possible consequences of climate change for commercial aviation.\r \r Findings – Although a range of mitigation measures have been developed and implemented to reduce aircraft emissions in the short term, with some environmental benefit, there is a real need for the aviation sector to identify the possible impacts of climate change on air travel operations, both to aircraft in flight and to operations at airports. A further challenge will be to devise adaptation plans that will address the vulnerabilities and thus ensure safe aviation-related operations.\r \r Social implications – The climate change impacts of aviation will adversely affect society. In addition, some individuals may have to reduce or stop flying as a result of increased taxes and legislation implemented in response to climate change.\r \r Originality/value of paper – There is a novel focus on the adaptation challenges for the aviation industry in response to climate change. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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In the last 20 years cities have undergone considerable changes. The current phase of expansion, which took place in the absence of demographic pressures, has diluted urban space into functional areas, scattered randomly throughout the area. The authors therefore identify new mobility needs, met mainly by private means, with implications in terms of congestion and air pollution. Sustainable mobility is a priority intervention for the EU. This chapter studies, after a discussion of the importance of sustainable mobility, cycling in Italy from an economic and strategic perspective. Promoting cycling is important for individual health, environmental sustainability, and transport demand management. In Italy, very few people use a bicycle on a regular basis. The analysis relies on national aggregate data as well as case studies of large and small cities in an Italian region. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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Governments worldwide face the difficult challenge of deciding which infrastructure projects to prioritize and select for implementation, given the limits of available funding and the need to attain their developmental goals. The key objective of this report is to conduct a comparative exercise between the World Bank's Infrastructure Prioritization Framework, a multicriteria analysis–based methodology to project prioritization, and a more complex cost-benefit analysis–based approach. The report focuses on Chile, which has a well-institutionalized evaluation process that uses cost-benefit analysis to assess projects on their quality and ability to generate value for money. The analysis compares the results of the Infrastructure Prioritization Framework alongside Chile's current cost-benefit analysis–based and multicriteria analysis approaches to the same subsets of projects in the road transport and water reservoir subsectors, respectively. The results show that the Infrastructure Prioritization Framework has application beyond its original proposition and can complement a traditional cost-benefit analysis by directly considering social and environmental policy goals that are otherwise difficult to quantify in a cost-benefit analysis. The analysis also finds that in Chile there is a discrepancy between the stated goals and objectives of the appraisal system and the actual implementation. In the case of transport sector projects, there is an evident deviation between cost-benefit analysis–based selection policy and actual decisions made for project implementation. In the case of water catchment selection, there is a bias toward projects with higher financial-economic performance as compared to social-environmental performance, despite policy intentions to afford consideration to environmental and social development goals. Document type: Book