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Part 7: Networking; International audience; In this paper, we consider the problem of finding itineraries in bus networks under multiple independent optimization criteria, namely arrival time at destination and number of transfers. It is also allowed to walk from one stop to another if the two stops are located within a small distance. A time–dependent model is proposed to solve this problem. While focusing on the network where the size of the Pareto set in the multi–criteria shortest path problem might grow exponentially, we develop an efficient algorithm with its speed–up techniques. An evaluation on the qualities of found paths and the empirical results of different implementations are given. The results show that the allowance of walking shortcuts between nearby stops gives a better route planning. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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Part 5: Scheduling in Manufacturing and Other Applications; International audience; In this paper a new efficient tabu search algorithm for assigning freight to the intermodal transport connections was developed. There were also formulated properties of the problem that can be used to design robust heuristic algorithms based on the local search methods. The quality of solutions produced by the tabu search algorithm and by often recommended greedy approach were also compared. Document type: Conference object

Abstract

Part 2: INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION; International audience; Semantic web technologies play a significant role in many open data initiatives, including geo-mapping projects and platforms. At the same time, semantic principles are also promoted as a key enabling factor for multi-domain analyses of critical infrastructures as well as for improved emergency response. This chapter reviews the recent literature on ontology-based analysis and management of critical infrastructures, and proposes the use of ontology processing techniques to bridge the gap between infrastructure knowledge representation and available (often general-purpose) open data sources. In particular, it discusses an approach for matching a given critical infrastructure ontology to an ontology built on OpenStreetMap (OSM) tags that enables structured access to the associated geographical dataset. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

Part 3: Knowledge Based Production Management; International audience; The public transportation in urban centers involve many challenges related to environment. One of these challenges is reduce air and noise pollution in big cities. In São Paulo, for instance, it is estimated that 98 % of the transport are made using buses with combustion engine, which are responsible for greatest part of air and noise pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop studies that help change the public transport policies in major cities, favoring the use of electric and hybrid buses. Thus, this paper aims to simulate the use of hybrid bus with fuzzy logic applied to improve the efficiency of this type of system. We made six simulations with MATLAB© software and Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, considering velocity, topography and battery status as input variables. The results showed an effective control of the fuzzy system, with the feasibility of combining this with others experts systems. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

Part 7: Lean and Green Manufacturing; International audience; In recent years the topic of air pollution is gaining more attention due to the health effects its has on human lives. At the same time, we can observe popularization of Electric Vehicles (EVs), due to their environmental and economic benefits. However, a few studies suggest that EVs might be not environmental friendly in the long term. Hence, there is a need to investigate the emissions produced by EVs and the monetary cost of them on the health. This paper aims to quantify the cost of health diseases by employing life cycle assessment of EVs in Japan, China, Poland and the United Kingdom. The results of the study imply that the total cost of health issues is lower when import of EVs is from the nearby countries, which generate electricity from clean energy resources or when it is produced in a low emission country locally. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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International audience; OpenStreetMap data comprise of very detailed (e.g. zebra crossing) and quite rough features (e.g. built-up area). But making large scale maps from data with inconsistent level of detail often blurs map comprehension. This paper explores the automatic harmonization of OpenStreetMap data for large scale maps, i.e. the process that transforms rough objects to make them consistent with detailed objects. A typology of the new operators that harmonization requires is presented and six algorithms that implement the operators are described. Experiments with these algorithms raise several research questions about automation, parametrization, or the level of abstraction of the transformation, which are discussed in the paper.

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Part 5: Modelling and Optimization; International audience; In this paper, we address the problem of determining the optimal fleet size for Personal Rapid Transit system (PRT). In our problem, we consider electric battery and distance constraints which are found in real world application of the PRT system. To tackle this problem, we propose two valid mathematical formulations that are able to find optimal fleet size. Extensive computational experiments show that the edge based formulation performs impressively well, in terms of solution quality and computational time in comparison to the node based formulation. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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International audience; The most common way to use geographic information is to make maps. With the ever growing amount of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), we have the opportunity to make many maps, but only automatic cartography (generalisation, stylisation, text placement) can handle such an amount of data with very frequent updates. This chapter reviews the recent proposals to adapt the current techniques for automatic cartography to VGI as the source data, focusing on the production of topographic base maps. The review includes methods to assess quality and the level of detail, which is necessary to handle data heterogeneity. The paper also describes automatic techniques to general-ise, harmonise and render VGI.

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International audience; The paper presents empirical research on the quality of the toponyms that can be retrieved from OpenStreetMap (OSM) under the purpose of enriching authoritative toponymic databases and gazetteers. An analysis on the volatility of places and points-of-interest (POIs) is presented. We examine how named features behave and change in terms of type, name and location. The challenge is to understand the behavior and consequently the fitness-for-purpose of OSM data when it comes to a possible use and integration with authoritative datasets. We show that, depending on the OSM feature type, the volatility can vary considerably and we elucidate which feature types are consistent, and thus could be used in authoritative gazetteers despite their grassroots nature and if there are spatial patterns behind the location changes of features during their lifespan. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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Part 10: Collaboration Platforms; International audience; The development of the Single Window concept (unique access/contact point for composite services) for the multimodal door-to-door freight transport management is a complex endeavour that is being addressed by the European MIELE project. Led by port authorities, the project identified the need for a novel strategy to foster collaboration among stakeholders with a diversity of processes and technology. The multimodal perspective requires a convergence and thus collaboration of maritime, railway, road, and air transport facilities as it is the case for the need of traffic information for a real-time (re)planning if some accident is hindering the current route. This requires that traffic information from different operators is integrated into the freight transport routing planner. Furthermore, a unified coordination and operations management of the existing business processes is lacking. To integrate such contexts, an open enterprise collaboration network (ECoNet) infrastructure is presented and discussed. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book