Abstract

In der kommunalpolitischen und planerischen Diskussion zum Stadtverkehr verstecken sich in vielfältigen Themen zugleich auch Fragen der Zeitgerechtigkeit. Sie werden nur punktuell von Betroffenengruppen artikuliert und sind im Sinne der Verfahrensgerechtigkeit im Planungsprozess nur selten transparent mitverhandelt. Aktuell findet dies bei der Frage von Tempo 30 auf Hauptverkehrsstraßen in Verbindung mit der Lärmminderung statt. Deutlich werden zeitpolitische Fragen beim Fahrplanangebot für Bus und Bahn in der entsprechenden zeitlichen und räumlichen Verteilung. Mit dem Planwerk des Nahverkehrsplans definieren die kommunalen Aufgabenträger den Verkehrsunternehmen die Zugangsstandards für die Fahrgäste sowie andere qualitative Rahmenvorgaben - meist verbunden mit öffentlichen Finanzierungsmechanismen. Dies bestimmt dann jeweils die Erreichbarkeiten und Teilhabechancen von Personengruppen in unterschiedlicher Weise. Durch neue Technik, wie Smartphone-Apps zur Fahrplaninformation, verbessert sich die Transparenz für eine bessere Zeiteffizienz im Sinne der persönlichen Bewirtschaftung der eigenen Zeit. The primary aim of urban transport planning is to achieve spatial and temporal accessibility in the city. Like almost no other spatial planning discipline, it thus connects spatial and temporal planning issues consciously and as a matter of course. As an explicit spatial-temporal field of action, urban transport planning faces the challenge of attaining spatial and temporal justice. However, when making decisions about balancing various interests in urban transport planning these issues often seem to play only an indirect role and are rarely consciously considered. This is due, firstly, to the complexity of the various passenger interests caused by the requirements of different user groups (related to, for instance, social, economic, ethnic, age, health or occupational factors). Secondly, the conditions within which mobility providers (in local public transport these are increasingly private transport companies) operate are changing and they are restricted in their actions by economic constraints. Both factors are dependent on the constantly changing paradigms and principles of urban and transport planning. In the last century the rise of motorisation and the principle of urban areas being divided by function and planned to suit transport needs, following the Charter of Athens, rendered acceleration the central goal in the planning of urban transport and life. In contrast, current discussions about the extension of zones where speeds are limited to 30 km/h and the improvement of infrastructure for pedestrians and cyclists suggest a focus on deceleration. The objectives of the Paris climate agreement on decarbonisation and CO2-neutrality involve further challenges for urban transport, which should become more energy efficient and environmentally friendly through model shifts to local public transport and by replacing longer trips with local mobility. This offers opportunities for improving the temporal justice of urban transport.


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Published on 01/01/2019

Volume 2019, 2019
Licence: Other

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