Enhancing Wind Power Forecasting Using Hybrid Multi-Head Attention and 1-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks

Abstract

The accurate forecasting of wind power plays a veritable part in integrating renewable energy from wind turbines into power grids. Wind power, being a highly volatile mode of energy generation owing to temporal variations and complex weather patterns, renders reliable predictions essential for energy management and grid stability. In order to tackle this, we propose a hybrid Multi-Head Attention and 1D-Convolutional Neural Network (MHA-CNN) architecture that combines attention mechanisms and convolutional layers to capture both long-term dependencies and localized features in time-series data from a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. The model effectively improves forecasting performance by attaining an R2score of 99.42 for hour-ahead and 96.52 for day-ahead predictions on a 50,540-sample, 10-min SCADA dataset using 5-fold chronological cross-validation, outperforming traditional methods without any manual feature engineering. The proposed method is also evaluated across multiple scenarios to assess the robustness of the proposed approach.OPEN ACCESS Received: 01/10/2025 Accepted: 10/11/2025

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