Effectiveness Heat Transfer of CombinedConvectionFlowAg-TiO2-GOWater Casson Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids in Magneto-Hydrodynamic Medium

Abstract

The chief target of this existing study is to demonstrate and discuss the problem behaviors of ternary hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow across a vertical sheet. The boundary layer through a Casson medium and magneto-hydrodynamics effects were considered. Besides that, the constant wall temperature boundary conditions were also subjected to the present problem. The non-dimensional dominant equations for the considered problem are studied numerically, and the Keller box method (KBM) is meticulously chosen because of its suitability and accuracy. The outcome linear system of equations was programmed via MATLAB command software. The impact of magnetic, Casson ternary (HNFs), and mixed convection coefficients on the interested physical quantities in this study were obtained as results on the type figures and tables. These work outcomes agree with earlier work outcomes. The outcome linear system of equations was programmed via MATLAB command software. The effects of magnetic, Casson, nanoparticle (NPs) volume fraction, and mixed convection parameters on Nusselt number (Nu), local skin friction, temperature profiles, and velocity profiles were obtained as results from the type figures and tables. As an important result, the parameters enhanced the heat transfer, velocity, and friction when adding (NPs), so the ternary (HNFs) studied in the present study became an efficient fluid. These current work outcomes are in excellent agreement with earlier work outcomes.OPEN ACCESS Received: 10/10/2024 Accepted: 07/01/2025 Published: 07/04/2025

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