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Revision as of 22:28, 17 October 2025

Title Real-World Effectiveness of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Chile Abstract Background/Objectives: The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adults aged 25–40 years in Latin America has emerged as a significant public health challenge, driven by lifestyle and metabolic risk factors. Evaluating the real-world effec-tiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents within primary health care (PHC) systems is essen-tial to inform therapeutic strategies and improve glycemic control in this population. This study aimed to assess metabolic outcomes and treatment associations among young adults with T2DM managed in PHC settings in northern Chile. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted using 500 electronic medical records from pa-tients aged 25–40 years diagnosed with T2DM and treated between 2021 and 2023 across eight family health centers (CESFAM) in Antofagasta, Chile. The primary outcome was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary analyses examined relationships between treatment type, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities including dyslipidemia, hy-pertension, and depression. Results: Among all patients, 71.6% were overweight and 28.4% obese. Comorbidities were documented as 57.4%, predominantly dyslipidemia (43.5%), hypertension (27.9%), and depression (18.8%). The most common therapies were metformin monotherapy (84%) and metformin plus glibenclamide (14.8%). Mean HbA1c values remained unchanged between 2021 (8.91 ± 0.57) and 2022 (8.92 ± 0.55) but im-proved significantly in 2023 (7.41 ± 0.28), although international glycemic targets were not met. Conclusions: Oral hypoglycemic therapy in PHC settings was partially effective in improving glycemic control among young adults with T2DM. These findings underscore the need for broader pharmacological options, enhanced follow-up, and reinforcing pa-tient education within Chile’s primary care system. Keywords: pharmacoepidemiology, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary healthcare, meta-bolic control, oral hypoglycemic agents

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+Title Real-World Effectiveness of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Northern Chile
+Abstract Background/Objectives: The rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among adults aged 25–40 years in Latin America has emerged as a significant public health challenge, driven by lifestyle and metabolic risk factors. Evaluating the real-world effec-tiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents within primary health care (PHC) systems is essen-tial to inform therapeutic strategies and improve glycemic control in this population. This study aimed to assess metabolic outcomes and treatment associations among young adults with T2DM managed in PHC settings in northern Chile. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted using 500 electronic medical records from pa-tients aged 25–40 years diagnosed with T2DM and treated between 2021 and 2023 across eight family health centers (CESFAM) in Antofagasta, Chile. The primary outcome was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary analyses examined relationships between treatment type, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities including dyslipidemia, hy-pertension, and depression. Results: Among all patients, 71.6% were overweight and 28.4% obese. Comorbidities were documented as 57.4%, predominantly dyslipidemia (43.5%), hypertension (27.9%), and depression (18.8%). The most common therapies were metformin monotherapy (84%) and metformin plus glibenclamide (14.8%). Mean HbA1c values remained unchanged between 2021 (8.91 ± 0.57) and 2022 (8.92 ± 0.55) but im-proved significantly in 2023 (7.41 ± 0.28), although international glycemic targets were not met. Conclusions: Oral hypoglycemic therapy in PHC settings was partially effective in improving glycemic control among young adults with T2DM. These findings underscore the need for broader pharmacological options, enhanced follow-up, and reinforcing pa-tient education within Chile’s primary care system.
-Provide a maximum of 6 keywords, and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field should be used. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.
+Keywords: pharmacoepidemiology, type 2 diabetes mellitus, primary healthcare, meta-bolic control, oral hypoglycemic agents
-An abstract is required for every document; it should succinctly summarize the reason for the work, the main findings, and the conclusions of the study. Abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, references and hyperlinks should be avoided. If references are essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. -->==
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Revision as of 22:28, 17 October 2025

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