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The finite element solution of the turbulent Navier–Stokes equations developed via <math>(k– \epsilon)</math> turbulence models was addressed in previous publications [1–4], where a <math>(k–L)‐predictor/(\epsilon )‐corrector</math> iterative algorithm was developed. It was shown that the developed algorithm is robust and converges for the analyses of different flows without requiring the implementation of ''ad hoc'' numerical procedures. The turbulent convection–diffusion transport equations are solved by using the velocity distributions determined from the solution of the turbulent Navier–Stokes equations. The dispersion of a die in a turbulent flow can therefore be modelled and the obtained dispersion patterns are validated via flow visualizations in water models. In the present paper, the developed analysis capability is applied to the analysis of continuous casting processes.

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==Full Document==

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<pdf>Media:Draft_Samper_993300471_6726_Goldschmit_et_al-1999-International_Journal_for_Numerical_Methods_in_Engineering.pdf</pdf>

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