Abstract

There is a long-standing debate over whether new roads unavoidably lead to environmental damage, especially forest loss, but causal identification has been elusive. Using multiple causal identification strategies, this paper studies the construction of new rural roads to over 100,000 villages and the upgrading of 10,000 kilometers of national highways in India. The new rural roads had precise zero effects on local deforestation. In contrast, the highway upgrades caused substantial forest loss, which appears to be driven by increased timber demand along the transportation corridors. In terms of forests, last mile connectivity had a negligible environmental cost, while expansion of major corridors had important environmental impacts. Document type: Book

Abstract

Não recebi financiamento The evolution of e-commerce has triggered a true revolution in the market. Due to that, the increase of deliveries changed the urban freight pattern flows and vehicles’ traffic in the cities. These changes have consequences in technological, economic, environmental and social aspects. It is important to highlight that the adoption of good practices and strategies in e-commerce last mile distribution can influence positively the society in general. According to the literature, there is a high potential to use new technologies in the last mile to increase the customer experience, reduce costs, increase security, and support city environmental when delivering e-commerce purchases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to diagnose the e-commerce last mile delivery evaluating new technology solutions proposed by the literature and considering the perceptions from customers and e-commerce carriers. The used method was survey questionnaires applied to consumers and carriers in order to get different perceptions between them in São Paulo city. This region was chosen due to its relevance in the Brazilian demand and complexity in last mile delivery related to productivity, security and urban mobility. Customers and carriers consider more relevant performance and convenience aspects in relation to e-commerce delivery. However, carriers have a greater concern than customers with the points of infrastructure and environment. Demographic and risk data from São Paulo were also analysed and the results support the strategy definition to have pick up points being used to delivery e-commerce purchases in the São Paulo city, predominantly in the most distant areas of the city center. A evolução do comércio eletrônico desencadeou uma verdadeira revolução no mercado. Por isso, o aumento das entregas mudou o padrão de fluxo de frete urbano e tráfego de veículos nas cidades. Essas mudanças têm consequências em aspectos tecnológicos, econômicos, ambientais e sociais. É importante destacar que a adoção de boas práticas e estratégias no comércio eletrônico na distribuição de ultima milha pode influenciar positivamente a sociedade em geral. De acordo com a literatura, existe um alto potencial para usar novas tecnologias na última milha para aumentar a experiência do cliente, reduzir custos, aumentar a segurança e suportar a cidade em aspectos ambientais ao entregar compras de comércio eletrônico. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar a entrega de última milha do e-commerce avaliando novas soluções tecnológicas propostas pela literatura e considerando as percepções de clientes e operadoras de comércio eletrônico. O método utilizado foi a aplicação de questionários em consumidores e transportadoras para diferenciar percepções entre eles na cidade de São Paulo. Esta região foi escolhida devido à sua relevância na demanda e complexidade no contecto Brasil na entrega de última milha relacionada a produtividade, segurança e mobilidade urbana. Clientes e transportadoras consideram aspectos de desempenho e conveniência mais relevantes em relação a entrega no comércio eletrônico. No entanto, as transportadoras têm uma preocupação maior do que os clientes com o pontos de infraestrutura e meio ambiente. Dados demográficos e de risco de São Paulo também foram analisados ​​e os resultados apóiam a definição da estratégia de pontos de coleta usados ​​para entrega de compras de comércio eletrônico na cidade de São Paulo, predominantemente nas áreas mais distantes do centro da cidade.

Abstract

This paper aims to improve the knowledge and understanding of urban freight distribution related to the"br" construction sector. The contribution highlights the specificities of the chain which supplies construction sites in"br" urban areas as compared to other, well studied, supply chains such as retail, HoReCa (hotels-restaurants-cafes)"br" and home deliveries. The paper also tries to identify the barriers against and the triggers towards a more sustainable"br" urban freight transport for the construction sector. In conclusion, experiences from the ongoing CIVITAS Horizon"br" 2020 project “SUCCESS”, aiming at identifying the costs and benefits associated with the introduction of a number"br" of optimization strategies, including but not limited to Construction Consolidation Centres, are used to identify"br" potential ways to make urban construction logistics more sustainable.

Abstract

© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Ways to increase sustainability of the city transport system and, particularly, measures to promote safe public transport and non-motorized means of transport are considered in the article. Analysis of the existing positive experience shows that complex decisions for a sustainable development of the urban transport system are necessary. Technical and organizational ways to increase sustainability and safety of the transport system are studied. The results of solution for separate tasks, which are aimed to meet the goal, are presented: they include definition of transport preferences for the citizens of Naberezhnye Chelny and a model of an adaptive smart-bicycle. It is shown that the reasonable combination of public transport and non-motorized transport systems for strategic and operational management will help to enhance efficiency and safety of transport system.

Abstract

E-commerce-related last-mile logistics have a great impact on cities. Recent years have seen sustained growth in e-commerce in most developed countries, a trend that has only been reinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic. The perceived impact of this phenomenon varies depending upon the perspective of the players involved: individual members of the public, companies, or the public administrations. Tackling the issue from these perspectives, the goal of this article is to explore the kinds of impact this phenomenon has and will have. We use as the basis for their classification the so-called triple bottom line (TBL) of sustainability, encompassing people, planet, and profit; we complement this with the impact classification used by the European Science Foundation’s impact assessment working group. After performing a systematic review of the literature following PRISMA guidelines, our results show that, albeit to different degrees, the four impact dimensions analyzed (economic, social, environmental, and technological) have only received incipient coverage in the existing literature. Given its ever-growing importance, we believe that greater attention needs to be paid to this phenomenon, especially with regard to those aspects having the greatest impact upon urban systems and the different stakeholders involved. Only in this way can the public policies needed to mitigate these externalities be properly implemented. Document type: Article