Abstract

The number of Electric Vehicles (EVs) has reached a substantial value all over the globe due to economic and environmental factors. The increasing penetration of EVs to the distribution grids urges the requirement to investigate the impacts of EVs on the planning and operation of distribution networks. Despite the fact that there are numerous studies discussing the impacts of EVs on distribution grids, a particular study concerning the Turkish distribution networks does not exist. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the impacts of EVs on low voltage distribution networks in Turkey. Three distribution network models, two of them belonging to actual Turkish distribution network segments and one being generic, including different customer attributes and network structures are constructed and utilized throughout this study. An extensive EV model is developed using probabilistic models and assumptions. Gaussian distribution function for EV plug-in times and Weibull distribution function for daily travel times are adapted in Digsilent PowerFactoy simulation tool.Monte Carlo based load flow simulations are performed in order to evaluate the response of the distribution networks to various EV and load scenarios considering different multi-tariff mechanisms. Furthermore, a methodology is developed to obtain and present network results based on transformer and cable overloads, voltage drops, and grid losses. This methodology will help the decision maker determine the necessary investments on the distribution networks and associated time frames. This approach will improve the planning process of distribution companies. Hence, distribution companies will submit more realistic and accurate investment plans to the regulatory agencies. M.S. - Master of Science

Abstract

The development of highly efficient batteries is a critical need in the automotive industry in order to enable the"br" future success of Electric Vehicles (EV). The optimization of battery stacks integration in EV can greatly benefit"br" from an improvement of Li-ion cells modular assembly and electrical interconnection, while ensuring a high level"br" of safety. This is part of the technical challenges of the European SPICY project."br" In this paper, we present a new polymer-based packaging concept for Li-ion cells. A modular approach is"br" investigated in order to enable a high flexibility in the selection of power output and stack geometry. The design"br" of the polymer packaging is described in details. In addition to the Li-ion cells and USB power bank packaging, a"br" specific connector for packaging assembly is developed. The manufacturing of the initial prototypes by 3Dprinting"br" and demonstrators by injection moulding is described.