Abstract

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), often called Car2X communication systems, are about to enter the mass market in upcoming years. They are intended to increase traffic safety by enabling new safety critical driver assistance systems. This also means that strong security mechanisms are required to safeguard communication within VANETs. However, standardized security mechanisms lead to significant overhead in terms of data rate requirement and delay. Prior work has focused on reducing the overhead by advanced strategies for pseudonym and authorization authority certificate exchange. However, we find that this is not enough to enable reliable message exchange in VANETs. Various other sources of overhead caused by security mechanisms in VANETs are identified in the provided analysis. Thereby, we find cross layer and cross message dependencies. In combination with the non-fragmentation property of VANET messages, such dependencies are discovered to lead to massive dropping of packets due to maximum size violations at low protocol layers. Thus, we develop a method for cross layer on demand content assembling for VANET messages, which can avoid the size limit violations without preventing individual layers from disseminating their variable length data sets.

Abstract

Wireless intelligent transport systems based on Car-to-X communication technology are about to enter the mass market in upcoming years. Thereby, efficient and reliable security systems are a core point of concern in system design. Currently regarded digital signature schemes using pseudonym certificates can introduce significant overhead into the highly bandwidth restricted system. Thus, mechanisms to optimize the efficiency of the security mechanisms in regard to authentication delay and channel load are required. Prior work has focused on scenarios with high node mobility, e.g., Freeways. However, bandwidth conserving mechanisms are also required for urban low and medium mobility scenarios to enable foreseen extension of the wireless network for the many other volatile road users like pedestrians. Hence, an approach for efficient pseudonym certificate distribution in urban scenarios is provided in this work. The given simulation based environment shows that it can enhance cooperative awareness while limiting used bandwidth. Thus, it can be regarded as well suitable for future urban intelligent transport systems.