Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

In modern smart cities, mobility based on Electric Vehicles (EVs) is considered a key factor to reduce carbon emissions and pollution. However, despite the global interest and the investments worldwide, the user acceptance level is still low, mainly due to the lack of charging services support. This is one of the main causes for the so called “EV driver's anxiety”, and has led people to consider EV mobility suitable only for short routes. To contrast this issue, we propose here a route planner application supporting EV mobility also on medium and long routes, through prediction of range and charging stops. Our application estimates the minimal energy consumption path, by also considering the overhead to reach the charging stations along the way towards the destination. We demonstrate the optimality of the algorithm and we describe its implementation within a Web-application which connects to charging providers' services (to retrieve the locations of charging spots) and to Google services (for routing directions and real-time traffic data). Finally, we evaluate the scalability of our application, and we study its effectiveness in supporting EV routes on large-scale scenarios (e.g. the Emila-Romagna region in Italy) through immersive simulation techniques.

Abstract

Abstract

In recent years many of the developments in the field of composite materials have focused on processes of dry carbon fiber, and efforts have been directed to achieve with these materials the same levels of industrialization as with pre-impregnated materials, since it is a technology of low cost and with a high productivity.

The objective of this project has been to develop dry carbon fiber manufacturing methods to obtain an automated, robust and efficient process for reaching manufacture the lower skin of a wing with stringers and integrated spars by automatic laying in Fiber Placement, posterior Hot forming and finally a process of resin infusion by "Vacuum Assisted Process".

To achieve this objective, the Fiber Placement machine has been set up to optimize the laying parameters for the processing of the material to be used (½” Hexcel Hi-Tape fiber).
On the other hand, several tests of hot forming of this laminates have been carried out by means of the previous process, modifying process variables, tooling details and forming bag configuration, in order to obtain the preforms of stringers and spars.

Finally, the integration of spars, stringers and skin was performed by a resin infusion process using the VAP technique "Vacuum Assisted Process".

Abstract