Abstract

Increased bicycling is of great importance for a sustainable transport system. This report is the result of a literature study concerning how different factors associated with bicycle planning influence the propensity to choose the bicycle for transportation. The literature study was carried out in the search engine GoogleScholar and only scientific papers, articles and books were included. Through this literature review, knowledge has been gathered concerning bicycleplanning, policies and other factors that influence the use of the bicycle in daily transport. Through the literature study it became evident that the attractiveness of the bicycle should be seen in relation to the car. If it is more attractive to use motorised modes of transport (e.g. through parking norms, costs, level of service) it will be hard to convince people to use the bike instead of the car. It also became clear that there are big differences in how research concerningbicycling and bicycle planning is conducted and there is e.g. no research based on before- and after studies. Despite this, the results are often very consistent. For instance, the results show that the bicycle infrastructure is of great importance. This implies that if appropriate infrastructure is build people tend to use the bicycle more often. In terms of policy, the time factor seems to be an important issue. This in turn implies, with policies and strategies being consistent over longer time intervals, the impact on the use of the bicycle increases.

Abstract

bicicleta é vista hoje como uma alternativa para melhorar a mobilidade urbana de forma sustentável. Apesar disto, os procedimentos de planejamento disponíveis para o desenvolvimento de infraestruturas cicloviárias ainda não estão totalmente consolidadas. Sendo assim, este estudo visa desenvolver e aplicar um método objetivo para o planejamento de redes cicloviárias com base na mineração de dados desagregados de origem-destino, em recursos de SIG e de técnicas de análise multicritério. É sugerida a realização de três etapas: a) identificação, a partir do perfil de usuários reais, de usuários potenciais, b) planejamento de propostas de redes cicloviárias, e c) comparação entre as redes propostas e as definidas pelo poder municipal, considerando os usuários reais e potenciais e critérios de custos e benefícios. Como resultado positivo, o uso de dados desagregados permitiu mensurar e analisar a proximidade dos usuários às redes, a quantidade de pessoas atendidas e a identificação dos usuários potenciais. Além disso, a análise com base em critérios de custo e de benefício foi capaz de indicar, por exemplo, que a rede cicloviária existente (RCE) na cidade considerada como estudo de caso (São Carlos, SP, Brasil) não serve adequadamente os usuários, quando comparado às redes propostas. Cycling is seen nowadays as an alternative to improve urban mobility in a sustainable way. Nevertheless, the planning procedures available for developing cycling infrastructures are not yet fully consolidated. This study aims at the development and application of an objective method for planning cycling networks based on data-mining of disaggregated origindestination data, GIS resources and multicriteria analysis techniques. The method involves basically three steps: a) an identification of potential users based on real users profiles, b) planning of proposed cycling networks, and c) a comparison, considering real and potential users, as well as cost-benefit criteria, between the proposed networks and those actually developed by the municipality. As a positive outcome, the use of disaggregated data allows not only a reasonable estimate of the number of people served by the networks, but also a detailed analysis of their proximity to that infrastructure and an identification of potential users. Also, the analysis based on cost-benefit criteria was able to show, for example, that the existing cycling network (ECN) of the city taken as a case study (São Carlos, SP, Brazil) does not properly serve the users, when compared to the proposed networks.