Abstract

Tank 241-SY-101 waste level growth is an emergent, high priority issue. The purpose of this document is to record the hazards evaluation process and document potential hazardous conditions that could lead to the release of radiological and toxicological material from the proposed transfer of a limited quantity (approximately 100,000 gallons) of waste from Tank 241-SY-101 to Tank 241-SY-102. The results of the hazards evaluation were compared to the current Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) Basis for Interim Operation (HNF-SD-WM-BIO-001, 1998, Revision 1) to identify any hazardous conditions where Authorization Basis (AB) controls may not be sufficient or may not exist. Comparison to LA-UR-92-3196, A Safety Assessment for Proposed Pump Mixing Operations to Mitigate Episodic Gas Releases in Tank 241-SY-101, was also made in the case of transfer pump removal activities. Revision 1 of this document deletes hazardous conditions no longer applicable to the current waste transfer design and incorporates hazardous conditions related to the use of an above ground pump pit and overground transfer line. This document is not part of the AB and is not a vehicle for requesting authorization of the activity; it is only intended to provide information about the hazardous conditions associated with this activity. The AB Control Decision process will be used to determine the adequacy of controls and whether the proposed activity is within the AB. This hazard evaluation does not constitute an accident analysis. Document type: Report

Abstract

"jats:title"Objective"/jats:title" "jats:p"The emphasis of the study presented in this paper was to identify the attributes of drivers who are prone to cause a motorway crash. It was induced byambitions to enhance the effectiveness of traffic safety campaigns by identifying subgroups of drivers more precisely."/jats:p" "/jats:sec""jats:sec" "jats:title"Method"/jats:title" "jats:p"For this purpose we conducted an accident data analysis of all injury crashes 2012–2014 on Austrian motorways. Since 2012 it is possible for the police to label the “mainly responsible person” for the crash in the Austrian electronic accident recording system. It turned out that the quality of the data had some limitations, which required considerable pre-processing. The analysis by comparing the proportions of “mainly responsible” and “not responsible” drivers was done using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. The binary characteristic, if a person was, according to the police, mainly responsible for the crash served as response variable. It was regressed on various personal and vehicle characteristics in order to identify their influence on the probability of causing a crash."/jats:p" "/jats:sec""jats:sec" "jats:title"Results/Conclusions"/jats:title" "jats:p"The results yield apparent tendencies, some of which support well-known pattern, e.g., the disproportionally high risk of motorcyclists and - to a lesser extent - young and elderly car drivers to cause an accident. Other results were less expected, e.g., the higher risk of foreign car drivers (compared to Austrian drivers) as well as drivers of light trucks, whereas drivers of heavy trucks revealed a below-average risk of causing a crash. The differences between male and female car drivers were small from young to middle age and fully disappeared in the high age group. There is some evidence that the frequency and experience of driving on a motorway have more influence on the risk of causing a crash than the driver’s gender. From this we conclude that motorway safety campaigns should on the one hand focus on the abovementioned groups of high risk drivers and on the other hand, in terms of car drivers, equally address both male and female drivers."/jats:p" "/jats:sec Document type: Article

Abstract

The following paper aims to illustrate certain investigative activities in the forensic analysis and examination of the scene of traffic accidents. When a traffic accident occurs, the scene must be secured as soon as possible to enable professional and proper forensic investigation. Failure to secure the accident scene might result in losing or contaminating the traces, which makes it more difficult to prove or explain trace evidence in further procedure or even makes such evidence inadmissible. The topic is discussed from the viewpoint of crime scene examination, since analysing and investigating traffic accidents requires a great deal of expertise and attention of the investigators. Complex traffic accidents include feigned accidents, hit-and-run accidents as well as accidents in which the driver and passengers, dead or alive, need to be identified. In identifying the passengers, standard criminal investigation methods as well as police forensic and forensic medicine methods are followed. Such methods include confirming the identities with identity documents, other documents and vehicle ownership, fingerprints, biological traces, fibre traces, contact traces, traces of physical injuries on the driver and passengers, etc. According to the results obtained in fingerprint detection on human skin surfaces, this method can also be applied in confirming physical contact between the driver and the passengers in the accident, e.g. in the event of moving the victims and changing the scene of the accident. Namen prispevka je pojasniti določena preiskovalna dejanja pri analizi t.j. pri kriminalistično tehničnem oz. forenzičnem ogledu kraja prometne nesreče. V primeru prometne nesreče je treba za strokovno in pravilno forenzično preiskovanje čim hitreje zavarovati kraj. Če se kraj dejanja ne zavaruje, se sledi izgube ali kontaminirajo, kar vodi do težjega dokazovanja ali pojasnjevanja dokazov v postopku ali celo do njihove popolne nezmožnosti. Vidik obravnavanja je usmerjen v izhodišča ogledne dejavnosti, saj analiza prometnih nesreč v cestnem prometu in preiskovanje zahtevajo od preiskovalcev veliko znanja in pozornosti. Zelo zahtevni so primeri fingiranih prometnih nesreč, prometnih nesreč ko vozniki ali udeleženci zapustijo kraj dogodka ter nesreče, kjer je treba ugotoviti identiteto voznika in udeležencev, živih ali mrtvih. Ugotavljanje istovetnosti udeležencev poteka po ustaljenih kriminalističnih oz. forenzičnih ter sodnomedicinskih metodah. Mednje se prišteva tudi potrditev identitete po osebnih dokumentih, dokumentih in lastništvu vozil, prstnih sledeh, bioloških sledeh, sledeh vlaken in kontaktnih sledeh, sledeh telesnih poškodb voznika in udeležencev ip. Rezultati preiskave detektiranja prstnih sledi na površini človeške kože so pokazali, da je tudi tovrstno metodo možno uporabiti pri potrditvi fizičnega kontakta voznika z udeleženci v prometni nesreči, npr. pri premikanju žrtev in fingiranju kraja dejanja.

Abstract

Knowledge on accidents and factors contributing to their occurrence is of key importance for the development of targeted preventive efforts. High levels of underreporting is a well-known challenge particularly for bicycle accidents. Medical records from 4205 cyclists from 2010-2015 were included in this study. The sample included all cyclists registered at the emergency room due to a bicycle accident during the study period. The purpose of the study was to improve knowledge on factors contributing to cyclist accidents based on a qualitative identification of accident factors and underlying factors. When identifying accident factors, we made a distinction between factors related to the condition and behaviour of the cyclist, the road and its surrounding, the bicycle and the other party. We identified 3124 accident factors most of which regarded the other party or the behaviour and condition of the cyclist. However, we also identified damaged roads and poor maintenance of the bicycle as important factors contributing to the occurrence of the bicycle accidents. Document type: Conference object