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Part 2: INFRASTRUCTURE MODELING AND SIMULATION; International audience; Semantic web technologies play a significant role in many open data initiatives, including geo-mapping projects and platforms. At the same time, semantic principles are also promoted as a key enabling factor for multi-domain analyses of critical infrastructures as well as for improved emergency response. This chapter reviews the recent literature on ontology-based analysis and management of critical infrastructures, and proposes the use of ontology processing techniques to bridge the gap between infrastructure knowledge representation and available (often general-purpose) open data sources. In particular, it discusses an approach for matching a given critical infrastructure ontology to an ontology built on OpenStreetMap (OSM) tags that enables structured access to the associated geographical dataset. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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International audience; OpenStreetMap data comprise of very detailed (e.g. zebra crossing) and quite rough features (e.g. built-up area). But making large scale maps from data with inconsistent level of detail often blurs map comprehension. This paper explores the automatic harmonization of OpenStreetMap data for large scale maps, i.e. the process that transforms rough objects to make them consistent with detailed objects. A typology of the new operators that harmonization requires is presented and six algorithms that implement the operators are described. Experiments with these algorithms raise several research questions about automation, parametrization, or the level of abstraction of the transformation, which are discussed in the paper.

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International audience; The most common way to use geographic information is to make maps. With the ever growing amount of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), we have the opportunity to make many maps, but only automatic cartography (generalisation, stylisation, text placement) can handle such an amount of data with very frequent updates. This chapter reviews the recent proposals to adapt the current techniques for automatic cartography to VGI as the source data, focusing on the production of topographic base maps. The review includes methods to assess quality and the level of detail, which is necessary to handle data heterogeneity. The paper also describes automatic techniques to general-ise, harmonise and render VGI.

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Land-related inventories are important sources of geoinformation for environmentalists, researchers, policy-makers, practitioners, and ecologists. Traditionally, a considerable amount of energy, time, and money have been dedicated to map global/regional/local land use datasets. While remote sensing images and techniques along with field surveying have been the main sources of data for determining land use features, field measurements of ground truth have always amplified the required time and money, as well as information credibility. Nowadays, volunteered geographic information (VGI) has shown its great contributions to different scientific disciplines. This was made possible thanks to Web 2.0 technologies and GPS-enabled devices, which have advanced citizens knowledge-based projects and made them user-friendly for volunteered citizens to collect and share their knowledge about geographical objects. OpenStreetMap as one of those leading VGI projects has shown its great potential for collecting and providing land use information. The collaboratively collected land use features from diverse citizens could greatly back up the challenging element of land use mapping, which is in-field data gathering. Hence, in this literature we will look at the completeness, thematic accuracy and fitness for use of OpenStreetMap features for land mapping purposes over European countries. The empirical findings reveal that the degree of completeness varies widely ranging from 2% to 96% and overall and per-class thematic accuracies goes up to 80% and 96%, respectively compared to the European GMESUA datasets. Furthermore, more than 50% of land use features of eight European countries are mapped. This messages that the harnessing citizens’ knowledge can play a great role in land mapping as an alternative and complementary data source. COST Action IC1203 (European Network Exploring Research into Geospatial Information Crowd-sourcing: software and methodologies for harnessing geographic information from the crowd)

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International audience; The paper presents empirical research on the quality of the toponyms that can be retrieved from OpenStreetMap (OSM) under the purpose of enriching authoritative toponymic databases and gazetteers. An analysis on the volatility of places and points-of-interest (POIs) is presented. We examine how named features behave and change in terms of type, name and location. The challenge is to understand the behavior and consequently the fitness-for-purpose of OSM data when it comes to a possible use and integration with authoritative datasets. We show that, depending on the OSM feature type, the volatility can vary considerably and we elucidate which feature types are consistent, and thus could be used in authoritative gazetteers despite their grassroots nature and if there are spatial patterns behind the location changes of features during their lifespan. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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[EN] The main aim of presented study was to analyze and to assess accessibility of shopping malls as traffic generators in the city of Krakow (Poland) as well as to compare calculated results in the perspective of the whole amount of shopping centers. The scope of research work includes the calculation of two kinds of accessibility measures: distance measures based on the straight line (Euclidean distance) and real distances and potential accessibility measures also based on the same distances and, additionally, weighted by characteristics of shopping malls and transport districts. The data from the OpenStreetMap project was used to get information concerning transport network and two kinds of above-mentioned distances. At the end of article a possible usage of obtained results and the further development of topic are described. Pashkevich, A.; Puławska, S. (2016). Assessment of Shopping Malls Accessibility: Case Study of Krakow. En XII Congreso de ingeniería del transporte. 7, 8 y 9 de Junio, Valencia (España). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1743-1758. https://doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2015.4117 OCS 1743 1758

Abstract

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a popular collaborative open-source project that offers free editable map across the whole world. However, this data often needs a further on-purpose processing to become the utmost valuable information to work with. That is why the main motivation of this paper is to propose a design for big data processing along with data mining leading to the obtaining of statistics with a focus on the detail of a traffic data as a result in order to create graphs representing a road network. To ensure our High-Performance Computing (HPC) platform routing algorithms work correctly, it is absolutely essential to prepare OSM data to be useful and applicable for above-mentioned graph, and to store this persistent data in both spatial database and HDF5 format. Web of Science 897 104 91

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State of the Map featured a full day of academic talks. Building upon the motto of SotM 2019 in "Bridging the Map" the Academic Track session was aimed to provide the bridge to join together the experience, understanding, ideas, concepts and skills from different groups of researchers, academics and scientists from around the world. In particular, the Academic Track session was meant to build this bridge that connects members of the OpenStreetMap community and the academic community by providing an open passage for exchange of ideas, communication and opportunities for increased collaboration. These proceedings include 14 abstracts accepted as oral presentations and 6 abstracts presented as posters. Contributions were received from different academic fields, for example geography, remote sensing, computer and information sciences, geomatics, GIScience, the humanities and social sciences, and even from industry actors. We are particularly delighted to have included abstracts from both experienced researchers and students. Overall, it is our hope that these proceedings accurately showcase the ongoing innovation and maturity of scientific investigations and research into OpenStreetMap, showing how it as a research object converges multiple research areas together. Our aim is to show how the sum total of investigations of issues like Volunteered Geographic Information, geo-information, and geo-digital processes and representation shed light on the relations between crowds, real-world applications, technological developments, and scientific research. Document type: Book

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Part 2: eEnvironment and Cross-Border Services in Digital Agenda for Europe; International audience; We investigate the potential role Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) can play in eEvironment and various Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) on a local, regional, and national level. eEnvironment is the use and promotion of ICT for the purposes of environmental assessment and protection, spatial planning, and the sustainable use of natural resources. An SDI provides an institutionally sanctioned, automated means for posting, discovering, evaluating, and exchanging geospatial information by participating information producers and users. A key common theme shared by both definitions is public participation and user-centric services. We pose the research question: is VGI (an example of public participation and collaboration) is ready to participate in eEnvironment and SDI? Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

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International audience; Traditionally, national mapping agencies produced datasets and map products for a low number of specified and internally consistent scales, i.e. at a common level of detail (LoD). With the advent of projects like OpenStreetMap, data users are increasingly confronted with the task of dealing with heterogeneously detailed and scaled geodata. Knowing the scale of geodata is very important for mapping processes such as for generalization of label placement or land-cover studies for instance. In the following chapter, we review and compare two concurrent approaches at automatically assigning scale to OSM objects. The first approach is based on a multi-criteria decision making model, with a rationalist approach for defining and parameterizing the respective criteria, yielding five broad LoD classes. The second approach attempts to identify a single metric from an analysis process, which is then used to interpolate a scale equivalence. Both approaches are combined and tested against well-known Corine data, resulting in an improvement of the scale inference process. The chapter closes with a presentation of the most pressing open problem