Abstract

International audience; The major priority of the carmakers is to reduce the energy consumption and the emissions of the future passenger cars and to deliver an efficient mobility service for the customers. The number of electrified vehicles increases in the mobility market. The range and the energy storage of the vehicle on board are important. The recharging of the vehicles and their connection to the energy grid became an important question. In this article, the energy system is extended and includes the energy storage and conversion of vehicles and their connection to the grid. The extended energy system is modelled on vehicles flows on the highway and a single objective optimization is performed to define the optimal energy storage capacity of the vehicles and the optimal number of recharges of from the grid. The time and the occupation rates of the chargers are as well evaluated. The optimality is researched for long way drives on electric mode. The results illustrate a method to rethink the usage and the energy management on the vehicle during the driving. As well it is researched how to adapt the recharging capacities and their location on the grid, by using a holistic approach. The target is to propose a high quality service for the electric mobility for long way drives.

Abstract

International audience; One of the major curb to electric vehicles (EV) acceptability is their constraints when performing long distance trips. Even if improvements made on fast charging technology enable to recover up to 400 km range in 20 minutes, the low density of this kind of infrastructure and the variability in their availability can lead to significant waiting times for users. Many articles develop communication scenario between vehicles in order to coordinate users charging places choices, permitting a better distribution that minimize waiting queue. The authors compare their approaches performances with theoretical resolution of the relaxed problem. In this article, the authors deal with a situation where many electric vehicles run along a highway with few charging stations, representing a usual daily traffic flow. It provides an approach that permits to find an optimal charging schedule for all users, minimizing their waiting and charging time at charging stations, using an all-knowing point of view. A differential evolution algorithm is used, with some improvements to better adapt it to this problem and speed the convergence.