Abstract

Digital tools like journey planners and mobile ticketing apps are adopted by more and more users and seen as"br" key enablers to making multimodal travel choices easier. This paper looks at success factors for establishing a"br" highly integrated mobility app. By analysing and comparing levels of integration across different axes for"br" mobility apps as well as geographical coverage and user adoption figures, we identify common types and"br" evolution paths. The findings suggest that vertically integrated apps tend to be limited to one mode and in terms"br" of geographic coverage. Widely used apps often integrate travel information with other functions and have wider"br" coverage, but show low vertical integration levels. If increased multimodal travel behaviour is linked to using"br" mobility apps, then a strategy pursuing wide user adoption may be more successful than building strongly"br" integrated platforms in the first place. This has implications for public and private initiatives looking to build"br" their own app or sharing their data and cooperating with others.