Abstract

Eskilstuna has introduced energy and climate policies in most sectors, enterprise and planning. It thus offers an excellent study field. "br/""br/"Energy and climate policy is divided into two policy arenas: The arena of the municipality acting as a concern and the arena of the municipality [...]

Abstract

The report reviews relations between urban structure (spatial structure + institutional structure) and four core themes of urban energy:"br/"• Urban planning and energy use in buildings (mainly residential buildings)"br/"• Industrial energy use and urban form"br/"• Spatial Planning, [...]

Abstract

Based on the case study (Deliverables 4.2) as well as the thematic (Deliverable 4.3) work, a list of 29 spatial planning measures and policies was elaborated. The measures can increase energy efficiency, reduce energy use or increasing the share of renewable energy in a city."br/""br/"In [...]

Abstract

The Estonian planning system allots the main responsibilities for planning activities to the local level, whereas the regional level (county) is rather weak. That implies a gap of cooperation on the regional level, leading to dispersed urban development in suburban municipalities [...]

Abstract

Since industrialisation, Turku has been an important industrial town in Finland and still is. Today, after considerable restructuring of the industrial sector, most jobs (79 % in the city of Turku) are within services. Besides its economic base, Turku also is experiencing a change [...]