Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Wedge shaped blocks spillways are an innovative solution that allows spilling over the downstream shoulder of earth and rock-fill dams in a safe way. However, they have been barely used as main spillway due to the lack of practical design criteria. An innovative procedure for computer-aided design of wedge shaped blocks spillways is presented in this paper. It includes the design of the drainage and supporting layer considering its seepage capacity and stability. The leakage flow through the joints between blocks is estimated by means of a numerical model calibrated and validated from experimental results. Stability against sliding of the downstream shoulder or the drainage layer is ensured, considering the properties of the granular material selected by the designer and non-linear resistance laws. The procedure will also suggest the shape of a toe protection.

Abstract

This article comprehensively evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of automating the main geotechnical instruments used to monitor dams. Geotechnical instrumentation plays a fundamental role in characterizing the performance and maintaining the safety of the structure. With the advance of technology and the updating of dam regulations, there has been a trend towards the automation of geotechnical instruments. The automation of this monitoring process generates several benefits, such as the ability to collect data in real time, improving the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of information acquisition. However, the article also highlights the disadvantages, such as the high cost of implementation and operational complexity. Based on a literature review, this study looks at: i) the main geotechnical instruments; ii) Brazilian legislation and standards for monitoring; and iii) the advantages and disadvantages of automating instrumentation. Understanding the trends and limitations of technological evolution is essential for the effective application of geotechnical instrumentation in dams.