Abstract

Gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by the simultaneous presence of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. There is little information about the clinical behavior and optimal treatment for these tumors. The current study examines the case of a 52-year-old female patient who presented with postprandial epigastric pain that had persisted for 1 year. A diagnosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma was confirmed by pathology after radical resection. Peritoneal metastasis occurred 3 months later, and the patient died 6 months after diagnosis. This study found that the prognosis of gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma is poor even after curative resection and there is as yet no known effective adjuvant therapy.

Abstract

In both biomedical optics and biophotonics, one of the main challengers is the simulation of light spread in biological tissues. The approximation which is most used is Monte Carlos method; it is a standard because of its flexibility and its reliability modeling heterogeneous tissues. This paper shows how to analyse the optical behaviour of the skin, and how some of the deductions drawn from this analysis can add information for the diagnosis and treatment of skins. The optic qualities of healthy skins from different races have been applied; and as a possible alteration in the skin, basalioma presence has been studied. The results provide us with a method to distinguish between “healthy” and “ill” skin, which could make the procedure to identify cancer skins easier. From the study of the different healthy skins an example of immediate application also appears which benefits from the knowledge acquired from the values obtained (photodepilation). In this work the most valued results of the simulation programs based in Monte Carlos technics are presented, which allow studying the skins behaviour facing an optical radiation; the approximation to the light trajectory interacting with the tissues is obtained from the optic qualities known before. First of all, a general approach to the theme is carried out, identifying the main problems that appear in this kind of studies and a commercial programme is used.

Abstract