Abstract

Developments in smart and automated driving raise questions about the future requirements of infrastructure. It"br" is highly likely that advances in transport will require close to real-time information on the condition of roads."br" The recent, speedy development of sensors may lead to the development of Smart Roads and in so doing,"br" provide the necessary real-time data. It is within this context that passive RFID sensors were tested in a series of"br" experiments to ascertain their suitability to measure asphalt concrete mix temperature during construction and"br" afterwards during the life of the pavement."br" Laboratory tests focused on the proper placement of the sensor in the asphalt concrete layer and"br" studying the latter’s influence on the sensor. Field experiments focused on the suitability to measure temperature,"br" traceability, robustness, and accuracy of the technology. The results show that reliable temperature measuring"br" with passive RFID tags is possible. The sensors are robust, portable, accurate and can be integrated into existing"br" measuring regimes such as determining asphalt concrete cooling rates during construction. While the cost of"br" passive RFID sensors is relatively low, the major disadvantage is that they cannot be read automatically, which"br" is crucial if the information is to be used to follow temperature developments over time or even provide asphalt"br" concrete temperature information to vehicles in order to warn for extreme road conditions. Ongoing experiments"br" with fiber optic sensors indicate that there may be other ways to measure temperature and possibly combine this"br" with performance indicators such as strain.

Abstract

The study investigates the use of waste glass as filler in asphalt concrete. Waste glass constitutes a significant proportion of the waste generated in both developed and developing countries. Successful utilization of the waste glass in asphalt will reduce/solve the problem faced by environmental agencies at ensuring safe disposal of the non-biodegradable waste and may improve the asphalt properties. In the study, waste glass in form of filler was introduced into the asphalt mix at 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18% and 20% of the total mix. The asphalt concrete samples with and without waste glass as filler were subjected to Marshall test to determine the stability, flow, air voids, void in mix aggregate and void filled with bitumen. The Marshall test results show that the stability increases with increasing glass filler up to 18%, although the values were lower than that of asphalt concrete without waste glass. This implies improved resistance to fatigue for higher waste glass content. Also, the flow increases with increasing glass filler, which implies the resistance to permanent deformation did not improve. Also, other properties were found to give mixed results.