Abstract

International audience The two first CEAS (Council of European Aerospace Societies) Specialist Conferences on Guidance, Navigation and Control (CEAS EuroGNC) were held in Munich, Germany in 2011 and in Delft, The Netherlands in 2013. ONERA The French Aerospace Lab, ISAE (Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace) and ENAC (Ecole Nationale de l’Aviation Civile) accepted the challenge of jointly organizing the 3rd edition. The conference aims at promoting new advances in aerospace GNC theory and technologies for enhancing safety, survivability, efficiency, performance, autonomy and intelligence of aerospace systems. It represents a unique forum for communication and information exchange between specialists in the fields of GNC systems design and operation, including air traffic management. This book contains the forty best papers and gives an interesting snapshot of the latest advances over the following topics:l Control theory, analysis, and designl Novel navigation, estimation, and tracking methodsl Aircraft, spacecraft, missile and UAV guidance, navigation, and controll Flight testing and experimental resultsl Intelligent control in aerospace applicationsl Aerospace robotics and unmanned/autonomous systemsl Sensor systems for guidance, navigation and controll Guidance, navigation, and control concepts in air traffic control systemsFor the 3rd CEAS Specialist Conference on Guidance, Navigation and Control the International Program Committee conducted a formal review process. Each paper was reviewed in compliance with standard journal practice by at least two independent and anonymous reviewers. The papers published in this book were selected from the conference proceedings based on the results and recommendations from the reviewers. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

International audience; The deployment of a complete carbon-capture and storage chain requires a focus upon the hazards posed by the operation of CO2 pipelines, and the consequences of accidental release must be considered as an integral part of the design process. CO2 poses a number of dangers upon release due to its physical properties, and modelling of the fluid dynamics of such poses a unique set of problems due to its unusual phase transition behaviour. Additionally, few experimental observations have been made with regard to CO2 releases to date, and so the physics and thermochemistry of such systems are not well understood. The current work has involved state-of-the-art mathematical modelling and experimental measurement to further advances in this area of research, and presented here are results from both. The performance of the mathematical models is elucidated with the use of the experimental data, and avenues for future developments are presented.

Abstract

International audience; The work presented in this paper forms part of the EC FP7 CO2PipeHaz project which aims to address the fundamentally important and urgent issue regarding the accurate prediction of fluid phase, discharge rate, emergency isolation and subsequent atmospheric dispersion during accidental releases from pressurised CO2 pipelines. Such pipelines are considered to be the most likely method for the transportation of captured CO2 from power plants and other industries to subsequent sequestration sites, and their safe operation is of paramount importance as their inventory is likely to be large. The developments presented describe a state-of-the-art, multi-phase heterogeneous discharge and dispersion model capable of predicting the near-field fluid dynamic and phase behaviour in such CO2 releases. Predicting the correct fluid phase during the discharge process in the near-field is of particular importance given the very different hazard profiles of CO2 in the gas and solid states. Validation of the model is undertaken using recently obtained experimental data from discharge tests. Model predictions are found to describe the experimental observations very well, with a high level of agreement between the two. The study clearly demonstrates that models addressing accidental releases of CO2 must include shock-capturing methods and complete three-phase formulations for prediction of the physical and thermodynamic properties of CO2 in order to accurately predict the discharge and dispersion phenomena of interest in risk assessments.

Abstract

International audience; Due to the problems caused by the gasoline engine on the environment and people, the automotive industry has turned to the electrically powered vehicle. Electric Vehicles (EVs) such as electric two-wheelers and electric cars provide convenient local transportation and are becoming popular means of transport in Vietnam in recent years. Electric bicycles, electric motorbikes and electric cars appeared in Vietnam since the early 2000s and are growing very quickly. As of September 2015, Vietnam's EV market has grown to an estimated 2.5 million e-bike units and over 1000 electric cars. However, electric vehicles, as a competitive solution for green transportation, are yet to be bettered off. Lead poisoning, traffic accidents, lack of charging facilities, lack of policies and regulations to ensure safe and effective usage for a better environment and sustainability, in general are the elements that affect and restrain the further development of the Vietnamese market. In this paper, we present an overview of EV use in Vietnam, as well as the benefits and limitations of EV use, especially the many existing issues, and some recommendations to manage the development of these new modes of transport.

Abstract

International audience; Since energy storage systems represent key new technologies in the development of electric vehicles (EV), risks pertaining to them have to be examined closely. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries powering EV contain highly energetic active materials and flammable organic electrolytes, which raise safety questions, different to conventional cars. In case of EV fire, concerns remain about batteries fire behavior, about their impact on the fire growth, about their fire-induced potential toxicity, especially in confined spaces and underground car parks and about their reaction with water in case of firemen intervention. Fire tests were therefore achieved for two French car manufacturers on two battery units, on a full battery pack, on an EV and on an analogous internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle. Thermal and toxic threat parameters governing the fire risk were quantified. For this purpose, the heat release rate and the effective heat of combustion were determined to qualify the thermal impact whereas the main emitted gases governing the toxic potency of the fire effluents were measured. Fire consequences of an EV and the corresponding ICE vehicle were compared. This paper aims at presenting the main results of these fire tests.

Abstract

International audience; The air traffic controllers of the El Alto airport must give to the landing and taking off aircrafts, necessary information such as the visibility of the runway, the wind speed and direction, cloud cover, temperature, pressure, etc. This information called Meteorological Terminal Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) is essential for taking decision respect to the landing procedure. At aerodromes with a considerable level of traffic, the METAR issue has become a problem, may cause congestion of the communication frequency, this has caused aviation incidents; otherwise the operations are delayed and are not as smooth and efficient on the airfield. The air traffic controller is responsible for issuing the current weather conditions, for this task, the manager of the garden weather must copy the collected data and make a report to communicate the weather condition at the moment, but he takes the report every hour. In summary, there are two main problems; the first is that one provide weather reports that are not of the moment, which can produce aircraft incidents, and finally there is a congested communication frequency, for this reason, the operations are not optimal and fluid. The aim of this work is to implement the ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information System) for El Alto airport.

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International audience; Engineering autonomous driving functions has become a dramatic challenge in automotive engineering since it is now required to integrate knowledge from multi-disciplinary domains. In this context, the widespread engineering methods are showing their limit since they mainly integrate technological centered point of view. Thus, these new requirements lead naturally to the design of new method for engineering in automotive field. The goal of this paper is to sketch an overview of the possible improvements that Knowledge Modeling and ontologies can bring to Systems Engineering and especially in the case of Autonomous Driving functions. Document type: Conference object

Abstract

The share of renewable energy sources (RES)’ production in energy mixes, especially the ones of PV panels and wind farms, has been continuously increasing during the last few years. Similarly, a strong development of battery electric vehicles (EV) is expected within the next years. However, these two new innovations could trigger security issues on electrical grids, in particular local congestions and voltage deviations from the required standards. One way to mitigate these problems could be to combine the charging periods of the EVs with the local RES production. This paper aims at analysing the possibility to implement this kind of smart charging strategy in France by 2020, taking into account the wide diversity of local energy mixes in France and their seasonal dependencies. First, the authors identify four different energy mixes representative of most of the local French mixes, each one related to a region in France. Then, we model the charging load curves of the EVs at the substation level for the same regions. We deduce the “green charging ratio” (GCR) without any charging management strategy. The same ratio is then computed assuming that an Energy Management System (EMS), which goal is to maximize this ratio, controls the EV charging patterns. The results are provided for each region and seasons. They show a wide diversity of green charging ratio achievable: in very windy regions, the GCR without any EMS is already rather high on the contrary, in sunny regions, the GCR is much improved with the implementation of the EMS. In such regions, the GCR can also be enhanced with the penetration of charging stations at working places. Document type: Article

Abstract

International audience; The development of an homogeneous relaxation flow model for simulating the discharge behaviour following the full bore rupture of dense phase CO2 pipelines is presented. Delayed liquid-vapour transition during the decompression process is accounted for using an empirically derived equation for the relaxation time to thermodynamic equilibrium. The flow model's robustness is successfully demonstrated based on a series of hypothetical shock tube tests. Model validation on the other hand is performed by comparison of the predictions against experimental data obtained for the full bore rupture of realistic scale CO2 pipelines. Within the ranges investigated, it is found that although delayed phase transition effects have negligible impact on the pipeline decompression rate, ignoring such phenomena results in underestimating the transient discharge rate. This is important since the latter governs the minimum safety distances to CO2 pipelines and emergency response planning in the unlikely event of pipeline failure.

Abstract

International audience; The deployment of a complete carbon capture and storage chain requires a focus upon the hazards posed by the operation of CO2 pipelines and intermediate storage vessels, and the consequences of accidental release. The aim of this work is the construction of a computational fluid dynamic model capable of accurately representing the complex physics observed in such a release, essential if dispersion phenomena are to be accurately predicted. The interacting thermo-physical processes observed include those associated with the rapid expansion of a highly under-expanded jet, leading to an associated sonic flow structure. In such a release, it is also possible for three phases to be present due to the expansion and subsequent Joule-Thomson cooling, and a suitable equation of state is required to elucidate a system's composition. The primary objective of this work is the consideration of these physical processes, and their integration into a suitable numerical framework which can be used as a tool for quantifying associated hazards. This also incorporates the validation of such a model using data available in the literature and also using that recently obtained, and presented here for the first time. Overall, the model has provided an excellent level of agreement with experimental data in terms of fluid and sonic structure and temperature measurements, and good agreement with respect to composition data.