Documents published in Scipedia

• The external cost of speed at sea: An analysis based on selected short sea shipping routes

  X. Osés, M. Castells

  WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs (2009). Vol. 8, pp. 27-45

  
  

  Abstract

  According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is expected to grow at a rate of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. If we consider that the overall expected increase in both freight exchanges and volume is 50%, sea transport is one of the most feasible alternatives to reduce traffic congestion on European roads. Maritime transportation may compete with road transport as far as certain traffics are concerned, but only when assuming external costs. This paper analyzes several intermodal transport chains involving a sea leg by comparing the effect of pollutant emissions from different ship types and road transport in terms of potential external cost savings. The translation of these emissions into environmental costs shows, for certain conditions, savings in the case of sea transport that would justify the use of an environmental bonus to promote the sea option.

  Abstract
  According to the mid-term review of the EU White Paper on Transport, Short Sea Shipping (SSS) is expected to grow at a rate of 59% (metric tonnes) between 2000 and 2020. [...]

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• Modelo de formulación para comprender los costes y tiempos de los acarreos terrestres para el reparto de mercancías mediante transporte rodado de mercancías y transporte marítimo de corta distancia

  M. Rodríguez-Nuevo, X. Osés

  Revista del Instituto de Navegación de España (2010). Vol. 37, pp. 4-10

  
  

  Abstract

  En el desarrollo del mundo globalizado cada vez resulta de mayor importancia cómo se distribuyen las mercancías desde su origen a su destino. Es cierto que la tendencia y la conciencia tiende a realizar transportes más respetuoso con el medio ambiente y más eficientes. En muchas ocasiones nos encontramos con la ilógica situación de contratar transportes sin un criterio razonado. El propósito de este artículo es plantear la realización de un simulador de costes y tiempos para valorar la posibilidad de llevar a cabo un transporte de mercancías con el modo más acertado, sabiendo de antemano cual será su coste y su precio. Debemos entender que el modo de transporte de carretera es necesario e incluso imprescindible, pero en muchos de los escenarios no es el más conveniente. Planteamos por tanto, la realización de un transporte multimodal e incorporar en el mismo el TMCD (Transporte Marítimo de Corta Distancia)

  Abstract
  En el desarrollo del mundo globalizado cada vez resulta de mayor importancia cómo se distribuyen las mercancías desde su origen a su destino. Es cierto que [...]

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• Improvement of the energy efficiency of vessels as a measure for the reduction of greenhouses gases emission froem sea shipping

  M. Sin, X. Osés

  Journal of Marine Technology and Environment (2011). Vol. 1 (4), pp. 103-112

  
  

  Abstract

  As all we know, pollution is a serious actual problem that affects our society. Maritime transport is responsible of part of that pollution and with this purpose; measure to be taken in the logistical and maritime transport field is to reduce ships emissions. Air pollution is not the only problem, but greenhouse gas emissions too, mainly in the case of maritime transport pollutants as NOx and SOx gasses. This article tries to do a quick view on the last measures took by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of shipping. An energy efficiency index for ships was created by the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) to improve their energy efficiency and then reduce fuel consumption. This index was developed in voluntary interim guidelines established in last sessions of the MEPC among 2009 and 2010, and can be applied to both new designs and ships in operation. Nowadays is just a voluntary measure that whatever ship-owner could take and verify, but until its approval there is for the moment no sanction if the results are not the expected ones by the guidelines. A description of the above mentioned guidelines will be exposed.

  Abstract
  As all we know, pollution is a serious actual problem that affects our society. Maritime transport is responsible of part of that pollution and with this purpose; measure [...]

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• Design of a Remote Monitoring System for High Speed Craft

  J. Lozano, J. Corbera, X. Osés

  Journal of navigation (2000). Vol. 53 (3), pp. 465-471

  
  

  Abstract

  At present, the whole shipping industry is concerned about safety of navigation. In particular, attention is focused on High Speed Craft. There has been a sharp increase in numbers of this kind of vessel, which primarily carries passengers but is also known to carry goods. Some units can reach speeds of over 45 knots with capacity for 900 passengers. These passengers have a basic right to life and their means of transport should obviously follow all safety codes, regulations and IMO resolutions. This paper describes the development of a monitoring system that could automatically transmit safety parameters and position from the ship to a management control centre. Digital and analogical alarms, ship condition readings and other safety-related parameters may be recorded and transmitted in near real- time using the latest communications and positioning technologies.  

  Abstract
  At present, the whole shipping industry is concerned about safety of navigation. In particular, attention is focused on High Speed Craft. There has been a sharp increase [...]

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• Preface: Thematic issue on multibody dynamics 2015

  J. Font-Llagunes, J. Muñoz, J. Ambrósio

  Multibody System Dynamics (2017). Vol. 39 (1), pp. 1-2

  
  

  Abstract

  Multibody system dynamics is a branch of computational mechanics that deals with modeling principles and computational methods for the dynamic analysis, simulation, and control of complex mechanical systems. These appear in a large spectrum of domains ranging, for example, from standard industrial production of vehicles, rotational machines and mechatronic devices to emerging application fields where biomolecular structures and smart materials are studied at the nanodimensional level. Such versatility of applications is rooted in the basic modeling principles of the discipline, which, being based on the kinematical and dynamical coupling of rigid and flexible bodies with different characteristics and mechanical properties, serve as a powerful tool to study the mechanical and multiphysics behavior of a broad class of systems in engineering and applied sciences.

  Abstract
  Multibody system dynamics is a branch of computational mechanics that deals with modeling principles and computational methods for the dynamic analysis, simulation, and [...]

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• An immersed boundary hierarchical B-spline method for flexoelectricity

  D. Codony, O. Marcos, S. Fernández-Méndez, I. Arias

  Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering (2019). Vol. 354, pp. 750-782 (Preprint)

  
  

  Abstract

  This paper develops a computational framework with unfitted meshes to solve linear piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity electromechanical boundary value problems including strain gradient elasticity at infinitesimal strains. The high-order nature of the coupled PDE system is addressed by a sufficiently smooth hierarchical B-spline approximation on a background Cartesian mesh. The domain of interest is embedded into the background mesh and discretized in an unfitted fashion. The immersed boundary approach allows us to use B-splines on arbitrary domain shapes, regardless of their geometrical complexity, and could be directly extended, for instance, to shape and topology optimization. The domain boundary is represented by NURBS, and exactly integrated by means of the NEFEM mapping. Local adaptivity is achieved by hierarchical refinement of B-spline basis, which are efficiently evaluated and integrated thanks to their piecewise polynomial definition. Nitsche’s formulation is derived to weakly enforce essential boundary conditions, accounting also for the non-local conditions on the non-smooth portions of the domain boundary (i.e. edges in 3D or corners in 2D) arising from Mindlin’s strain gradient elasticity theory. Boundary conditions modeling sensing electrodes are formulated and enforced following the same approach. Optimal error convergence rates are reported using high-order B-spline approximations. The method is verified against available analytical solutions and well-known benchmarks from the literature.

  Abstract
  This paper develops a computational framework with unfitted meshes to solve linear piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity electromechanical boundary value problems including [...]

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