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== Abstract ==

In this paper, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of
two bio-composites have been studied by tests and numerical models. Two monolithic
composites with partly bio-based content were manufactured. The first bio-composite is made
of a carbon fibre fabric prepreg and a partly bio-based (rosin) epoxy resin (CF/Rosin). The
second bio-composite is a combination of prepregs of carbon fibre fabric / epoxy resin and flax
fibre fabric / epoxy resin (CF-Flax/Epoxy). A single line infusion process has been used prior
to the curing step in the autoclave. Both variants are exemplary for the possibility of introducing
bio-based materials in high performance CFRP. In-plane and out-of-plane electrical
conductivity tests have been conducted according to Airbus standards AITM2 0064 and AITM2
0065, respectively. Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness tests have been conducted based on
the standard ASTM D 4935-10. Materials were prepared at the German Aerospace Center
(DLR) while characterization tests were conducted at the University of Patras. In addition to
the tests, numerical models of representative volume elements have been developed using the
DIGIMAT software to predict the electrical conductivity of the two bio-composites. The
preliminary numerical results show a good agreement with the experimental results.

== Full document ==
<pdf>Media:Draft_Content_450744653-p19-3877-document.pdf</pdf>

== References ==

<span id='_GoBack'></span>

[1] Bachmann, J., Yi, X., Gong, H., Martinez, X., Bugeda, G., Oller, S., Tserpes, K., Ramon, E., Paris, C., Moreira, P., Fang, Z., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Liu, X., Xian, G., Tong, J., Wei, J., Zhang, X., Zhu, J., Ma, S. and Yu, T. (2018). Outlook on ecologically improved composites for aviation interior and secondary structures. ''CEAS Aeronautical Journal'', 9(3), pp.533-543.

[2] Yi, X. and Tserpes, K. (2019). Special Issue “ECO-COMPASS: Ecological and Multifunctional Composites for Application in Aircraft Interior and Secondary Structures”. ''Aerospace'', 6(2), p.17.

[3] Rakov, V. and Rachidi, F. (2009). Overview of Recent Progress in Lightning Research and Lightning Protection. ''IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility'', 51(3), pp.428-442.

[4] White, D. and Mardiguian, M. (1988). ''Electromagnetic shielding''. Gainesville, Va.: Interference Control Technologies.

[5] Rifai, A. and Hakami, M. (2014). Health Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation. ''Journal of Biosciences and Medicines'', 02(08), pp.1-12.

[6] AITM 2-0064 – Airbus Test Method. Electrical resistance for a composite laminate with carbon fibre: Measurement along X or Y direction.

[7] AITM 2-0065 Airbus Test Method. Electrical resistance for a composite laminate with carbon fibre: Measurement along Z direction.

[8] ASTM D4935 - 10 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Planar Materials

[9] Zienkiewicz, O.C. and Taylor, R.L. ''The finite element method''. McGraw Hill, Vol. I., (1989), Vol. II, (1991).

[10] Idelsohn, S.R. and Oñate, E. Finite element and finite volumes. Two good friends. ''Int. J. Num. Meth. Engng ''(1994) '''37''':3323-3341.

[11] Alexandre Piche, Gilles Peres and Ivan Revel (2011). ''Experimental and Numerical Methods to Characterize Electrical Behaviour of Carbon Fiber Composites Used in Aeronautic Industry''. INTECH Open Access Publisher.

[12] Si-Ping Gao, Hui Min Lee, Richard Xian-Ke Gao, Qi Feng Lim, Warintorn Thitsartarn, En-Xiao Liu and Ching Eng Png (2017). Effective Modeling of Multidirectional CFRP Panels Based on Characterizing Unidirectional Samples for Studying the Lightning Direct Effect. [online] Available at: [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8105177 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8105177] [Accessed 18 Apr. 2019].

[13] Daniela Munalli, Dimitrios Chronopoulos and Steve Greedy (2018). Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of fiber-reinforced composites: a preliminary study. In: ''9th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring''. [online] Manchester, United Kingdom.

[14] Tugirumubano, A., Vijay, S., Go, S., Kwac, L. and Kim, H. (2018). Investigation of Mechanical and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Properties of Nickel–CFRP Textile Composites. ''Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance'', 27(5), pp.2255- 2262.

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 == Full document ==
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 == References ==

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Scipediacontent at 08:41, 5 March 2021

Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 450744653 to Tserpes et al 2020a

Scipediacontent: Created page with " == Abstract == In this paper, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of two bio-composites have been studied by tests and numerical models. Two..."