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TEMESGEN et al 2025a - Revision history
2026-04-06T19:39:25Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.27.0-wmf.10
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326449&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:35, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:35:36Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:35, 10 November 2025</td>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326448&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:35, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:35:11Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:35, 10 November 2025</td>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326447&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:34, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:34:49Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:34, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l147" >Line 147:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Table 1. Performance grade at high temperature</div></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Table 1. Performance grade at high temperature</div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image5.png|centre|600x600px]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image5.png|centre|600x600px<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|link=</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Table 1 presents the maximum temperature of PG for both pure and aged binders. The PG temperatures presented are based only on maximum temperature to represent the asphalt binder being placed in hot climates, especially in desert areas. The data analysis revealed that adding polyisobutylene-ceramic powder increased the maximum temperatures at which the pure binder exhibited G*/sin𝞭 ≥ 1.0kPa and the aged binder exhibited G*/sin𝞭 ≥ 2.2kPa, as evidenced by the recorded PG values. It is worth noting that at low temperatures, the modified asphalt exhibits different values for the G*/sin (δ) parameter. However, with the addition of 0.7% and 1.4% polyisobutylene, the performance grade of ceramic powder has been improved from PG58˚C to PG64˚C and from PG64˚C to PG70˚C. The PG's increment indicates that the rheological parameters of complex modulus, G*, increase as the modifiers' content increases. The other observation from Figure 6 and Table 1 is that the modifier in amounts of 0.7% and 1.4% has a minimal effect on permanent deformation based on the parameter G*/sin𝞭 of aged bitumen from 64˚C and 70˚C which remains softer after aging. Hence, it is an indication of not being susceptible to hardening.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Table 1 presents the maximum temperature of PG for both pure and aged binders. The PG temperatures presented are based only on maximum temperature to represent the asphalt binder being placed in hot climates, especially in desert areas. The data analysis revealed that adding polyisobutylene-ceramic powder increased the maximum temperatures at which the pure binder exhibited G*/sin𝞭 ≥ 1.0kPa and the aged binder exhibited G*/sin𝞭 ≥ 2.2kPa, as evidenced by the recorded PG values. It is worth noting that at low temperatures, the modified asphalt exhibits different values for the G*/sin (δ) parameter. However, with the addition of 0.7% and 1.4% polyisobutylene, the performance grade of ceramic powder has been improved from PG58˚C to PG64˚C and from PG64˚C to PG70˚C. The PG's increment indicates that the rheological parameters of complex modulus, G*, increase as the modifiers' content increases. The other observation from Figure 6 and Table 1 is that the modifier in amounts of 0.7% and 1.4% has a minimal effect on permanent deformation based on the parameter G*/sin𝞭 of aged bitumen from 64˚C and 70˚C which remains softer after aging. Hence, it is an indication of not being susceptible to hardening.</div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326446&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:34, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:34:19Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:34, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l132" >Line 132:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image4.png|525px|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image4.png|525px<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|link=</ins>|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 4. Flashpoint test Result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 4. Flashpoint test Result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 4. Flashpoint test Result</div>]] </div></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 4. Flashpoint test Result</div>]] </div></div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326445&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:33, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:33:52Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:33, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l122" >Line 122:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326444&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:33, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:33:18Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:33, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l110" >Line 110:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image2.png|525px|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image2.png|525px<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|link=</ins>|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 2. Ductility test result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 2. Ductility test result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 2. Ductility test result</div>]] </div></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 2. Ductility test result</div>]] </div></div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326443&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 10:32, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T10:32:46Z
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:32, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l98" >Line 98:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image1.png|525px|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>  [[Image:Draft_Quezon_351714932-image1.png|525px<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">|link=</ins>|alt='<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 1. Penetration test result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 1. Penetration test result</div>'|<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 1. Penetration test result</div>]] </div></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Fig. 1. Penetration test result</div>]] </div></div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326396&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 05:11, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T05:11:46Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 05:11, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l204" >Line 204:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Acknowledgment<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:</del>====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Acknowledgment====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors acknowledge the Addis Ababa Science and Technology University (AASTU) and the Civil Engineering Department staff for their advice and encouragement during the conduct of this research undertaking, as well as the Cagayan State University (CSU) in the Philippines.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors acknowledge the Addis Ababa Science and Technology University (AASTU) and the Civil Engineering Department staff for their advice and encouragement during the conduct of this research undertaking, as well as the Cagayan State University (CSU) in the Philippines.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Funding<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:</del>====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Funding====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors received no direct funding for this research.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors received no direct funding for this research.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Conflict of Interest<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">:</del>====</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====Conflict of Interest====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.</div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326392&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 04:49, 10 November 2025
2025-11-10T04:49:56Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 04:49, 10 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l27" >Line 27:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Licensed under:'''  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Licensed under:'''  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Aguinaldo(1)_et_al_2025a_3432_CC_BY-NC-SA_88x31.png|<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">30px</del>|alt=CC_BY-NC-SA_88x31: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/|link=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:Aguinaldo(1)_et_al_2025a_3432_CC_BY-NC-SA_88x31.png|<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">20px</ins>|alt=CC_BY-NC-SA_88x31: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/|link=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===1. Introduction===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===1. Introduction===</div></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968
https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a&diff=326206&oldid=prev
Qzone 1968 at 07:07, 6 November 2025
2025-11-06T07:07:13Z
<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<col class='diff-content' />
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:07, 6 November 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l16" >Line 16:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>1</sup>University of Oda Bultum, Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Chiro, Ethiopia</small></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>1</sup>University of Oda Bultum, Institute of Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Chiro, Ethiopia</small></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>2</sup>University <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of Mizan-Tepi</del>, College of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Civil </del>Engineering and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Technology</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Department of </del>Civil Engineering, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Tepi</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ethiopia</del></small></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>2<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins></sup><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cagayan State </ins>University<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, Carig Campus</ins>, College of Engineering and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Architecture</ins>, Civil Engineering <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Department</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tuguegarao City</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Philippines</ins></small></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>3</sup><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Addis Ababa Science and Technology </del>University, College of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Architecture and </del>Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering,  <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Addis Ababa</del>, Ethiopia</small></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>3</sup>University <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of Mizan-Tepi</ins>, College of Civil Engineering <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and Technology</ins>, Department of Civil Engineering,  <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tepi</ins>, Ethiopia</small></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>4<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del></sup><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cagayan State </del>University<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, Carig Campus</del>, College of <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Engineering and </del>Architecture<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>Civil Engineering Department, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tuguegarao City</del>, <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Philippines</del></small></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><small><sup>4</sup><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Addis Ababa Science and Technology </ins>University, College of Architecture <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">and </ins>Civil Engineering<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </ins>Department <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of Civil Engineering</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> Addis Ababa</ins>, <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Ethiopia</ins></small></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''ORCID:'''</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''ORCID:'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><sup><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">4</del>*</sup>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><sup><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">2</ins>*</sup>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a_6730_ORCID_iD.svg.png|14px|alt=ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-500X|link=https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-500X]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:TEMESGEN_et_al_2025a_6730_ORCID_iD.svg.png|14px|alt=ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-500X|link=https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0612-500X]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
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Qzone 1968