Sosa MOURE 2025a - Revision history

Marherna: Marherna moved page Review 607981556188 to Sosa MOURE 2025a

2025-07-21T12:06:50Z

Marherna moved page Review 607981556188 to Sosa MOURE 2025a

Marherna at 12:06, 21 July 2025

2025-07-21T12:06:07Z

Emsupr2017: Emsupr2017 moved page Draft Sosa 652580963 to Review 607981556188

2025-05-12T09:53:17Z

Emsupr2017 moved page Draft Sosa 652580963 to Review 607981556188

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2025-05-12T09:52:32Z

Scipediacontent moved page Review 278059552283 to Draft Sosa 652580963 without leaving a redirect

Emsupr2017 at 23:17, 14 April 2025

2025-04-14T23:17:59Z

Emsupr2017: Corrected typos

2025-04-14T23:15:49Z

Corrected typos

Emsupr2017: Emsupr2017 moved page Draft Sosa 517862618 to Review 278059552283

2025-04-14T18:12:45Z

Emsupr2017 moved page Draft Sosa 517862618 to Review 278059552283

Emsupr2017 at 17:58, 14 April 2025

2025-04-14T17:58:23Z

Emsupr2017 at 17:17, 14 April 2025

2025-04-14T17:17:36Z

Emsupr2017 at 17:12, 14 April 2025

2025-04-14T17:12:04Z

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 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 [mailto:marta.moure@urjc.es marta.moure@urjc.es] </div>
--->
+-->=1. Introduction=
-−
-==ABSTRACT==
-−
-The development and construction of multilayered, high-strength membranes for large-scale inflatable structures requires understanding each layer's mechanical behavior. A typical multilayer configuration comprises a thin inner fabric layer that contains the inflation and pressurization fluid, air, or water, an intermediate fabric layer that protects the inner layer, and an external macro-fabric layer that provides mechanical strength to withstand membranal stresses resulting from the pressurization, as well as the effects of potential external forces. This macro-fabric usually comprises high-strength webbings interlaced in a plain weave pattern linked to the two inner layers at discrete connecting points.
-−
-Previous experimental studies using a "picture frame" configuration have been dedicated to evaluating shear behavior to account for the drapeability of the inflatable necessary to conform to the irregularities when deployed in confined environments. While experimental evaluations provided valuable information on the shear properties of woven webbings, only a few configurations can be evaluated.
-−
-This study focuses on the development of finite element simulation of the in-plane shear behavior of woven webbings manufactured with Vectran fibers. A three-dimensional simulation model is created with Simulia/Abaqus following the "picture frame" test configuration designed to produce an in-plane shearing effect from an axial force. The simulation model includes contact interactions, friction, biaxial pre-tensioning loads, and shearing effect implemented experimentally. A series of parametric studies are also conducted to assess the influence of changes in the pretension level and friction on the shear stress as a function of the angular distortion. Numerical results are compared with experimental evaluations, providing valuable insight into the shear behavior of macro-fabrics created from woven webbings.
-−
-'''Keywords:''' Fabric, Shear, Vectran, Woven Webbing.
-−
-==RESUMEN==
-−
-EVALUACIÓN NUMÉRICA DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DE CORTE EN EL PLANO DE CINCHAS ENTRETEJIDAS
-−
-El desarrollo y la construcción de membranas multicapa de alta resistencia para estructuras inflables a gran escala requieren comprender el comportamiento mecánico de cada capa. Una configuración multicapa típica consta de una fina capa interior que contiene el fluido de inflado y presurización (aire o agua), una capa intermedia que protege la capa interior y una capa externa en forma de macro tejido que proporciona resistencia mecánica para soportar las tensiones de la membrana resultantes de la presurización, así como los efectos de posibles fuerzas externas. Este macro tejido suele estar compuesto por cinchas de alta resistencia cruzadas en un patrón de entrelazado simple, unidas a las dos capas interiores en puntos de conexión discretos.
-−
-Estudios experimentales previos han evaluado el comportamiento al cortante en el plano para tener en cuenta la capacidad de drapeado del inflable, necesaria para adaptarse a las irregularidades al desplegarse en entornos confinados. Si bien las evaluaciones experimentales proporcionaron información valiosa sobre las propiedades de corte de las correas tejidas, solo se pueden evaluar algunas configuraciones.
-−
-Este estudio se centra en el desarrollo de la simulación por elementos finitos del comportamiento de corte en el plano de cinchas tejidas fabricadas con fibras de Vectran. Se crea un modelo de simulación tridimensional con Simulia/Abaqus que reproduce el efecto de corte en el plano a partir de una fuerza axial. El modelo incluye interacciones de contacto, fricción, cargas de pretensado biaxial y el efecto de corte implementado experimentalmente. También se realizan una serie de estudios paramétricos para evaluar la influencia de los cambios en el nivel de pretensado y la fricción en la tensión de corte en función de la distorsión angular. Los resultados numéricos se comparan con evaluaciones experimentales para entender el comportamiento de corte del macro tejido creados a partir de cinchas entrelazadas.
-−
-Palabras Clave: Cinchas, Cortante, Macro tejido, Vectran
-−
-−
 =1. Introduction=
 Large-scale, multilayered inflatable structures continue to be adopted to create habitats for spatial exploration [1–4] and to protect critical underground transportation infrastructure [5–15]. Depending on the inflatable's geometry and the required pressurization level, the inflatable can be subjected to high tensile membrane stress that can quickly exceed the material capacity [7]. To overcome this problem, multilayered fabric systems have been developed over the years to accommodate the different demands. In several applications, the inflatable membrane comprises multiple layers of fabric material that perform various functions depending on the specific structural demands or surrounding environment. For instance, space habitats require multiple layers to provide structural restraint to withstand pressurization, air tightness or gas barrier, radiation shield, orbital debris protection, and thermal protection [2]. In the case of inflatable structures for tunnel sealing, the number of layers can be reduced to a single fabric layer, as in the case of low-pressure (5 to 10 kPa or 0.05 to 0.1 bar) inflatables for containing the propagation of gases [5], or to three layers, as in the case of high-pressure designs (110 to 200 kPa or 1.1 to 2 bar) intended for containing water flooding [10–12]. Figure 1 shows an example of a large-scale inflatable structure tested experimentally in [10].

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 14 April 2025
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	Este estudio se centra en el desarrollo de la simulación por elementos finitos del comportamiento de corte en el plano de cinchas tejidas fabricadas con fibras de Vectran. Se crea un modelo de simulación tridimensional con Simulia/Abaqus que reproduce el efecto de corte en el plano a partir de una fuerza axial. El modelo incluye interacciones de contacto, fricción, cargas de pretensado biaxial y el efecto de corte implementado experimentalmente. También se realizan una serie de estudios paramétricos para evaluar la influencia de los cambios en el nivel de pretensado y la fricción en la tensión de corte en función de la distorsión angular. Los resultados numéricos se comparan con evaluaciones experimentales para entender el comportamiento de corte del macro tejido creados a partir de cinchas entrelazadas.		Este estudio se centra en el desarrollo de la simulación por elementos finitos del comportamiento de corte en el plano de cinchas tejidas fabricadas con fibras de Vectran. Se crea un modelo de simulación tridimensional con Simulia/Abaqus que reproduce el efecto de corte en el plano a partir de una fuerza axial. El modelo incluye interacciones de contacto, fricción, cargas de pretensado biaxial y el efecto de corte implementado experimentalmente. También se realizan una serie de estudios paramétricos para evaluar la influencia de los cambios en el nivel de pretensado y la fricción en la tensión de corte en función de la distorsión angular. Los resultados numéricos se comparan con evaluaciones experimentales para entender el comportamiento de corte del macro tejido creados a partir de cinchas entrelazadas.
		+
		+	Palabras Clave: Cinchas, Cortante, Macro tejido, Vectran

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 The development and construction of multilayered, high-strength membranes for large-scale inflatable structures requires understanding each layer's mechanical behavior. A typical multilayer configuration comprises a thin inner fabric layer that contains the inflation and pressurization fluid, air, or water, an intermediate fabric layer that protects the inner layer, and an external macro-fabric layer that provides mechanical strength to withstand membranal stresses resulting from the pressurization, as well as the effects of potential external forces. This macro-fabric usually comprises high-strength webbings interlaced in a plain weave pattern linked to the two inner layers at discrete connecting points.
-Previous experimental studies using a "picture frame" configuration have been dedicated to evaluating shear behavior to account for the drapeability of the inflatable necessary to conform the irregularities when deployed in confined environments. While experimental evaluations provided valuable information on the shear properties of woven webbings, only a few configurations can be evaluated.
+Previous experimental studies using a "picture frame" configuration have been dedicated to evaluating shear behavior to account for the drapeability of the inflatable necessary to conform to the irregularities when deployed in confined environments. While experimental evaluations provided valuable information on the shear properties of woven webbings, only a few configurations can be evaluated.
 This study focuses on the development of finite element simulation of the in-plane shear behavior of woven webbings manufactured with Vectran fibers. A three-dimensional simulation model is created with Simulia/Abaqus following the "picture frame" test configuration designed to produce an in-plane shearing effect from an axial force. The simulation model includes contact interactions, friction, biaxial pre-tensioning loads, and shearing effect implemented experimentally. A series of parametric studies are also conducted to assess the influence of changes in the pretension level and friction on the shear stress as a function of the angular distortion. Numerical results are compared with experimental evaluations, providing valuable insight into the shear behavior of macro-fabrics created from woven webbings.

@@ Line 31: / Line 31: @@
 '''Keywords:''' Fabric, Shear, Vectran, Woven Webbing.
 =1. Introduction=
@@ Line 36: / Line 47: @@
 Large-scale, multilayered inflatable structures continue to be adopted to create habitats for spatial exploration [1–4] and to protect critical underground transportation infrastructure [5–15]. Depending on the inflatable's geometry and the required pressurization level, the inflatable can be subjected to high tensile membrane stress that can quickly exceed the material capacity [7]. To overcome this problem, multilayered fabric systems have been developed over the years to accommodate the different demands. In several applications, the inflatable membrane comprises multiple layers of fabric material that perform various functions depending on the specific structural demands or surrounding environment. For instance, space habitats require multiple layers to provide structural restraint to withstand pressurization, air tightness or gas barrier, radiation shield, orbital debris protection, and thermal protection [2]. In the case of inflatable structures for tunnel sealing, the number of layers can be reduced to a single fabric layer, as in the case of low-pressure (5 to 10 kPa or 0.05 to 0.1 bar) inflatables for containing the propagation of gases [5], or to three layers, as in the case of high-pressure designs (110 to 200 kPa or 1.1 to 2 bar) intended for containing water flooding [10–12]. Figure 1 shows an example of a large-scale inflatable structure tested experimentally in [10].
-[[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image1.png|600px]]
+<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Figure 1. Inflatable for infrastructure protection: (a) Deflated state for folding and packing; (b) Inflated during testing [10]; (c) Three-layer membrane showing a structural restraint comprised of woven webbings (1), an intermediate protective fabric layer (2), and thin inner fabric layer for fluid pressurization (3) [11].</div>
 In space habitats or seals for infrastructure protection, the structural restrain must provide both membranal and puncture resistance when deployed in debris-filled or abrasive environments. This requirement prompted the implementation of macro fabrics comprised of straps, also known as webbings, woven in a plain tight or partially open plain weave fashion [2,12]. Among the high-strength fibers available commercially, fabrics, ropes, and webbings made of Vectran fibers [16,17] are commonly employed in highly demanding operational conditions. High-strength webbings made of Vectran fibers have been adopted in multiple applications due to their high strength and resistance to aggressive environments such as outer space or highly abrasive conditions [18,19].
@@ Line 58: / Line 71: @@
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
- [[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image2.png|426px]] </div>
+[[File:Draft_Sosa_517862618_3718_Figure-2-R.png|600px]]</div>
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Figure 2. In-plane shear test setup: (a) Pre-tensioning stage; (b) Initial configuration for in-plane shear testing; (c) Schematic representation of deformed shape and intervening global forces.</div>
 ==2.2 Pre-tensioning and Shear test setup==
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 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-  [[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image3.png|600px]] Figure 3. Finite element model: (a) Woven webbing assembly showing the control corners used for monitoring in-plane angle change; (b) Mesh with 5328; (c) 11328; and (d) 23904 elements.</div>
+  [[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image3.png|800px]]</div>
 =4. Results and discussion =
@@ Line 115: / Line 133: @@
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
- [[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image4.png|600px]] </div>
+[[File:Draft_Sosa_517862618_9640_Figure-4.png|800px]]</div>
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Figure 4. Shear test results: angular distortion vs. shear stress as a function of (a) Initial pretension (PT) and loss of pretension (R); (b) Influence of the friction coefficient model.</div>
 Several preliminary FE runs were conducted, varying the amount of pretension, and subsequent shear was applied through a displacement control method to reproduce the experimental curve. Initially, various levels of pretension were analyzed while keeping shear displacement constant, observing that an increase in pretension consistently resulted in a steeper slope of the shear stress curves at smaller angular distortions. Subsequently, shear levels were also varied while keeping pretension constant, finding a significant increase in shear stresses and angular distortions that did not correlate well with experimental measurements. Additionally, combinations of pretension and shear with variable reductions of the initial pretension were also explored, concluding that a reduction in the webbings' pretensioning was taking place while the shearing displacements were applied, resulting in a decrease in shear stress, bringing the results closer to the experimental ones. Figure 4(a) shows a parametric study varying the amplitude of the pretension (PT) in terms of displacement control from 5 to 5.7 mm while applying a shearing displacement of 60 mm, reducing (R) the pretension from 5 mm to 9 mm, and maintaining a constant static friction coefficient of 0.4. Results show that an initial pretension of 5.7 mm and a subsequent reduction of 8 mm, during which a shear of 60 mm is applied, provided a shear stress curve that approximated the experimental one, especially at angular distortions of less than 15°. These results strongly suggest that the frame could not maintain the pretension while the shearing effect was applied. This limitation was also observed by Bassett and Postle [24], indicating that stress relaxation produced during the pause to transition from the pretensioning stage to the shearing stage can create a non-homogenous state of strain.
@@ Line 127: / Line 146: @@
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
- [[Image:Draft_Sosa_517862618-image5-c.png|486px]] </div>
+[[File:Draft_Sosa_517862618_3453_Figure-5.png|600px]]</div>
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Figure 5. Shear test results: experimental vs. FE results. (a) Deflected shape obtained at maximum ''L''; (b) FE deflected shape at the end of simulation; (c) Global shear stress distribution at the end of shearing simulation step.</div>
 =5. Conclusions=
@@ Line 188: / Line 208: @@
 [24] R.J. Bassett, R. Postle, N. Pan, Experimental Methods for Measuring Fabric Mechanical Properties: A Review and Analysis, Text. Res. J. 69 (1999) 866–875. DOI:10.1177/004051759906901111.
-[25] Philippe Boisse, Bassem Zouari, Jean-Luc Daniel, Importance of in-plane shear rigidity in finite element analyses of woven fabric composite preforming, Compos. Part A 37 (2006) 2201–2212. DOI:doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.09.018.
+[25] Philippe Boisse, Bassem Zouari, Jean-Luc Daniel, Importance of in-plane shear rigidity in finite element analyses of woven fabric composite preforming, Compos. Part A 37 (2006) 2201–2212. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.09.018.

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 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<big>'''NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF IN-PLANE SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF VECTRAN WOVEN WEBBINGS'''</big></div>
+<big>'''NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF IN-PLANE SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF WOVEN WEBBINGS'''</big></div>
-−
-<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-<big>'''EVALUACIÓN NUMÉRICA DEL COMPORTAMIENTO DE CORTE EN EL PLANO DE CINCHAS ENTRETEJIDAS'''</big></div>
-−
 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
@@ Line 33: / Line 29: @@
 This study focuses on the development of finite element simulation of the in-plane shear behavior of woven webbings manufactured with Vectran fibers. A three-dimensional simulation model is created with Simulia/Abaqus following the "picture frame" test configuration designed to produce an in-plane shearing effect from an axial force. The simulation model includes contact interactions, friction, biaxial pre-tensioning loads, and shearing effect implemented experimentally. A series of parametric studies are also conducted to assess the influence of changes in the pretension level and friction on the shear stress as a function of the angular distortion. Numerical results are compared with experimental evaluations, providing valuable insight into the shear behavior of macro-fabrics created from woven webbings.
 '''Keywords:''' Fabric, Shear, Vectran, Woven Webbing.

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