Ruiz de Eguino et al 2023a - Revision history

Marherna: Marherna moved page Review 898480604961 to Ruiz de Eguino et al 2023a

2023-10-25T18:46:47Z

Marherna moved page Review 898480604961 to Ruiz de Eguino et al 2023a

Iruizdeeguino at 15:19, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T15:19:06Z

Iruizdeeguino at 15:17, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T15:17:24Z

Iruizdeeguino at 14:24, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T14:24:12Z

Iruizdeeguino at 14:22, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T14:22:22Z

Iruizdeeguino at 14:11, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T14:11:10Z

Iruizdeeguino at 14:06, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T14:06:35Z

Iruizdeeguino at 13:58, 17 October 2023

2023-10-17T13:58:56Z

Iruizdeeguino: changes in figures

2023-05-18T13:18:15Z

changes in figures

Iruizdeeguino at 12:32, 18 May 2023

2023-05-18T12:32:38Z

@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted. Ultrasonic C-scans were completed on the laminates manufactured by the proposed UV curing strategies, and as a result, no delaminations nor significant size porosities were found.
-{| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;border-spacing: 2px;"
+{| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;"
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@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted. Ultrasonic C-scans were completed on the laminates manufactured by the proposed UV curing strategies, and as a result, no delaminations nor significant size porosities were found.
-{| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;"
+{| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;border-spacing: 2px;"
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 ===3.1. Density and fibre volume fraction===
-The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted.<br />
+The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted. Ultrasonic C-scans were completed on the laminates manufactured by the proposed UV curing strategies, and as a result, no delaminations nor significant size porosities were found.
-<br />
-−
 {| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;"
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 <div id="_Ref134530053" class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Table 1. Physical properties of the studied laminates.</div>
 ===3.2. Flexural response===

@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 ===3.1. Density and fibre volume fraction===
-The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted.
+The density and fibre volume fraction of each composite are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530053'></span>[[#_Ref134530053|Table 1]]. The slight differences obtained could be related to the variability of the infusion process itself more than to the different curing strategies adopted.<br />
 {| style="width: 81%;margin: 1em auto 0.1em auto;border-collapse: collapse;"

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 |  style="border: 1pt solid black;text-align: center;vertical-align: top;"|1.83 ± 0.05
 |}
 <div id="_Ref134530053" class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Table 1. Physical properties of the studied laminates.</div>
@@ Line 108: / Line 107: @@
 |  style="border: 1pt solid black;text-align: center;"|32.70
 |}
 <div id="_Ref134530210" class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
 Table 2. Elastic modulus (''E''), flexural strength (''σ<sub>max</sub>'') and their corresponding specific values for the studied laminates.</div>

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:46, 25 October 2023
(No difference)

@@ Line 79: / Line 79: @@
 Ultrasonic C-scans were completed on the laminates manufactured by the proposed UV curing strategies, and as a result, no delaminations nor significant size porosities were found.
-===1.1. Flexural response===
+===3.2. Flexural response===
 The feasibility of the proposed layer by layer ''in-situ'' UV curing strategies is conditioned to the mechanical properties achieved on the manufactured laminates. The bending performance of all the UV cured laminates was alike, and in the three cases, the brittle failure behaviour that could be expected was observed. The flexural stiffness and strength of the three laminates are reported in <span id='cite-_Ref134530210'></span>[[#_Ref134530210|Table 2]]. Specific stiffness and strength are also reported since fibre volume content and density were slightly different between laminates.
@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 The secondary bonds present in the laminates manufactured following a stepped strategy, that is to say, UV6 and UV4, did not affect their bending performance. These two laminates had almost the same flexural properties, whereas those from the UV12 laminate cured in one shot were somewhat worse. This outcome may be related to the higher temperatures reached during the bulk UV curing of the UV12 laminate since more resin reacts at once, generating more residual stress in the composite.
-===1.1. Impact behaviour===
+===3.3. Impact behaviour===
 The impact behaviour of composites is a complex phenomenon with many factors involved. However, it provides descriptive and quantitative information to make a comparative analysis of different composites. Impact resistance can be studied by looking at the evolution of the maximum peak load withstood by the material with the impact energy or by determining the penetration energy threshold at which all the impact energy is dissipated.

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 <div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-  [[Image:Draft_Ruiz de Eguino_594446841-image1.png|486px]] </div>
+  [[Image:Draft_Ruiz de Eguino_594446841-image1.png|486px|frameless]] </div>
 <div id="_Ref134530948" class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
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 <div id="_Ref134531214" class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
-Figure 2. Dissipated energy (''E<sub>dis</sub>'') as a function of impact energy (''E<sub>0</sub>'').</div>
+Figure 2. Dissipated energy (''E<sub>dis</sub>'') as a function of impact energy   (''E<sub>0</sub>'').</div>
 As can be appreciated, the UV4 laminate shows the highest penetration energy threshold, and the UV6 laminate improves the results achieved by the laminate UV cured in one shot. This outcome could be related to the fact that these two laminates present bonds that may be more prom to develop delaminations, dissipating more impact energy before initiating other damage micromechanisms. However, if that was the case, the lower interlaminar toughness of the bonds would have negatively affected the bending strength of the UV4 and the UV6 laminates, but they showed better flexural properties. Therefore, the better impact performance of the UV4 and UV6 laminates has to be related to the fact that these layer by layer UV curing strategies induce less residual stress. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the thinner the thickness cured in each UV exposure is, the lower the generated residual stress would be.

@@ Line 129: / Line 129: @@
 <span id='cite-_Ref134531214'></span>[[#_Ref134531214|Figure 2]] shows the dissipated impact energy (''E<sub>dis</sub>'') registered in the low velocity impact tests as a function of the incident impact energy (''E<sub>0</sub>''). All the laminates showed the same kind of plots, where ''E<sub>dis</sub>'' increases quadratically with the impact energy. The penetration impact energy of each laminate was extrapolated by forecasting the point of intersection between quadratic curves fitted to the dissipated energy discrete values for each laminate and the incident energy 1:1 line [10].
 As can be appreciated, the UV4 laminate shows the highest penetration energy threshold, and the UV6 laminate improves the results achieved by the laminate UV cured in one shot. This outcome could be related to the fact that these two laminates present bonds that may be more prom to develop delaminations, dissipating more impact energy before initiating other damage micromechanisms. However, if that was the case, the lower interlaminar toughness of the bonds would have negatively affected the bending strength of the UV4 and the UV6 laminates, but they showed better flexural properties. Therefore, the better impact performance of the UV4 and UV6 laminates has to be related to the fact that these layer by layer UV curing strategies induce less residual stress. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the thinner the thickness cured in each UV exposure is, the lower the generated residual stress would be.
@@ Line 137: / Line 144: @@
 Thus, two conclusions that could help selecting the most appropriate layer by layer manufacturing strategy can be extracted from this study. On the one hand, that the intralayer bonds in the layer by layer UV cured laminates are tough. And on the other, that layer by layer UV curing processes induce less residual stress to the composite the thinner the applied layers are.
 ==Acknowledgments==