Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 778373233 to Rihal et al 2021a

2021-11-30T13:48:46Z

Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 778373233 to Rihal et al 2021a

Scipediacontent: Created page with "== Abstract == This paper presents the results of a study of the structural assessment of the seismic behavior of the main dome of the Taj Mahal, in Agra, India. Built by the..."

2021-11-30T13:48:44Z

Created page with "== Abstract == This paper presents the results of a study of the structural assessment of the seismic behavior of the main dome of the Taj Mahal, in Agra, India. Built by the..."

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== Abstract ==

This paper presents the results of a study of the structural assessment of the seismic behavior of the main dome of the Taj Mahal, in Agra, India. Built by the Moghul emperor Shah Jahan between 1632 – 1648 AD, the structure is one of most famous buildings in the world and the finest and most sophisticated symbol of Moghul architecture in India. As it is located in a zone of moderate seismicity, there is an urgent need for ensuring the structural safety and preservation of this iconic cultural heritage for future generations. The objective of this study is to develop a simplified approach to enhance our conceptual understanding of the mechanism of load path/transfer in the dome of the Taj Mahal under both gravity and seismic loads, as well as to better understand the influence of the geometry of the dome on its structural behavior. Using the software SAP2000, a finite element model of the dome is created and analyzed under the action of gravity and seismic loads, with the seismic loading assumed to have a PGA of 0.25g based on the results of a study conducted by the Indian National Disaster Management Authority. The results obtained include plots of the distribution of nodal reactions at selected levels to represent the lateral load behavior of the dome of the Taj, as well as plots illustrating the paths of load transfer under the action of gravity and seismic loads. Free body diagrams of selected rings are also presented to illustrate the ‘hoop’ forces in the dome, while simplified internal stresses are computed and compared with known material properties. Observations are also presented about the effect of the dome geometry, especially the bulging part of the dome, on the distribution of reactions and the resulting mechanism of load transfer in the structure under both gravity and seismic loading.

== Full document ==
<pdf>Media:Draft_Content_778373233p726.pdf</pdf>
== References ==

[1] Gascoigne, B. The Great Moghuls, Harper and Row, Publishers, New York (1971)

[2] Volwahsen, A. Living Architecture: Islamic Indian, Grosset & Dunlap, Publishers, New York, (1970)

[3] Koch, E. Moghul Architecture, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, India (2002)

[4] Bunce, F. Islamic Tombs in India, D. K. Printworld (P) Ltd., New Delhi, India (2004)

[5] Dayalan, D. Taj Mahal and Its Conservation, Abhishek Prakashan, Delhi, India (2009)

[6] Mehrotra, A. and Glisic, B. Deconstructing the Dome: A Structural Analysis of the Taj Mahal, J. Int. Ass. Shell Spat. Struct. (2015), 56(4): 269-284.

[7] Computers and Structures, Inc. SAP 2000 Software, Walnut Creek, California (2019)

[8] Dubey, R.N., Thakkar, S.K. and Gupta, A. Seismic Analysis for Safety Evaluation of Taj Mahal Monument. In: Proceedings of the 11th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, (1996).

[9] Viladkar, M.N., Bhandari, N.M., Godbole, P.N. and Trikha, D.N. Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Taj Mahal Structure. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (SAHC2006), (2006).

[10] National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). Development of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Map of India, Government of India, New Delhi (2011).

[11] Agarwal, P. and Thakkar, S.K. A comparative study of brick masonry house model under quasi-static and dynamic loading, ISET Journal of Earthquake Technology (2001), 38: 103-122.

[12] Singhal, V. and Rai, D.C. Suitability of Half-Scale Burnt Clay Bricks for Shake Table Tests on Masonry Walls, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering (2014), 26: 644-657.

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Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 778373233 to Rihal et al 2021a

Scipediacontent: Created page with "== Abstract == This paper presents the results of a study of the structural assessment of the seismic behavior of the main dome of the Taj Mahal, in Agra, India. Built by the..."