Scipediacontent at 12:06, 21 January 2021

2021-01-21T12:06:13Z

Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 711267487 to Parry Timilsina 2009a

2020-10-14T10:51:06Z

Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 711267487 to Parry Timilsina 2009a

Scipediacontent: Created page with " == Abstract == The Mexico City Metropolitan Area has been suffering severely from transportation externalities such as accidents, air pollution, and traffic congestion. This..."

2020-10-14T10:51:04Z

Created page with " == Abstract == The Mexico City Metropolitan Area has been suffering severely from transportation externalities such as accidents, air pollution, and traffic congestion. This..."

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== Abstract ==

The Mexico City Metropolitan Area has been suffering severely from transportation externalities such as accidents, air pollution, and traffic congestion. This study examines pricing instruments to reduce these externalities using an analytical and numerical model. The study shows that the optimal levels of a gasoline tax and a congestion toll on automobiles could generate social benefits, measured in terms of welfare gain, of US$132 and US$109 per capita, respectively, through the reduction of externalities. The largest component of the welfare gains comes from reduced congestion, followed by local air pollution reduction. The optimal toll and tax would, however, double the cost of driving and could be politically sensitive. Still, more than half of those welfare gains could be obtained through a more modest tax or toll, equivalent to $1 per gallon of gasoline. The welfare gains from reforming the pricing of public transportation are small relative to those from reforming the taxation of automobiles. Although the choice among travel modes depends on specific circumstances, in the absence of road travel pricing that accounts for externalities, there will be potential for higher investment in roads relative to mass transit. Given the rapidly increasing demand for transportation infrastructure in Mexico City, careful efforts should be made to include the full social costs of travel in evaluating alternative infrastructure investments.

Document type: Book

== Full document ==
<pdf>Media:Draft_Content_711267487-beopen222-9896-document.pdf</pdf>

== Original document ==

The different versions of the original document can be found in:

* [http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071]

* [http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9800/6d860b1df6d0bd025a00e95451eb055b36c6.pdf http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9800/6d860b1df6d0bd025a00e95451eb055b36c6.pdf]

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 The Mexico City Metropolitan Area has been suffering severely from transportation externalities such as accidents, air pollution, and traffic congestion. This study examines pricing instruments to reduce these externalities using an analytical and numerical model. The study shows that the optimal levels of a gasoline tax and a congestion toll on automobiles could generate social benefits, measured in terms of welfare gain, of US$132 and US$109 per capita, respectively, through the reduction of externalities. The largest component of the welfare gains comes from reduced congestion, followed by local air pollution reduction. The optimal toll and tax would, however, double the cost of driving and could be politically sensitive. Still, more than half of those welfare gains could be obtained through a more modest tax or toll, equivalent to $1 per gallon of gasoline. The welfare gains from reforming the pricing of public transportation are small relative to those from reforming the taxation of automobiles.  Although the choice among travel modes depends on specific circumstances, in the absence of road travel pricing that accounts for externalities, there will be potential for higher investment in roads relative to mass transit. Given the rapidly increasing demand for transportation infrastructure in Mexico City, careful efforts should be made to include the full social costs of travel in evaluating alternative infrastructure investments.
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 The different versions of the original document can be found in:
-* [http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071]
+* [http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5071] under the license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by
-* [http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9800/6d860b1df6d0bd025a00e95451eb055b36c6.pdf http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9800/6d860b1df6d0bd025a00e95451eb055b36c6.pdf]
+* [https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/1813-9450-5071 https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/pdf/10.1596/1813-9450-5071],

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Parry Timilsina 2009a - Revision history

Scipediacontent at 12:06, 21 January 2021

Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 711267487 to Parry Timilsina 2009a

Scipediacontent: Created page with " == Abstract == The Mexico City Metropolitan Area has been suffering severely from transportation externalities such as accidents, air pollution, and traffic congestion. This..."