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		<title>M. Riggio 2021a - Revision history</title>
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		<title>Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 366386407 to M. Riggio 2021a</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T11:53:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Scipediacontent moved page &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Draft_Content_366386407&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Draft Content 366386407&quot;&gt;Draft Content 366386407&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/public/M._Riggio_2021a&quot; title=&quot;M. Riggio 2021a&quot;&gt;M. Riggio 2021a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:53, 30 November 2021&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan='2' style='text-align: center;' lang='en'&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=M._Riggio_2021a&amp;diff=232686&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Scipediacontent: Created page with &quot;== Abstract ==  Timber  structures  represent  a  rich  although  still  underestimated  portion  of  the historical  built  asset  worldwide  documenting  a  tradition  of  s...&quot;</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T11:53:00Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Abstract ==  Timber  structures  represent  a  rich  although  still  underestimated  portion  of  the historical  built  asset  worldwide  documenting  a  tradition  of  s...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Timber  structures  represent  a  rich  although  still  underestimated  portion  of &lt;br /&gt;
the historical  built  asset  worldwide  documenting  a  tradition  of  sustainable  practices &lt;br /&gt;
and  craftsmanship.  Assessment  of  their  condition  is  a  fundamental  step  towards  their &lt;br /&gt;
conservation. While some overarching approaches for the assessment of timber structures are &lt;br /&gt;
not dissimilar to  those  used  for  other  types  of  structures,  there  are  some  specific  factors &lt;br /&gt;
affecting timber structures behavior that should be taken into consideration. Such factors are &lt;br /&gt;
especially related to the organic nature of wood, which makes timber’s properties largely &lt;br /&gt;
variable  and  influenced  by  the  environment.  Successful   conservation  of  historical &lt;br /&gt;
timber  structures  requires  combination of many different disciplinary contributions, from &lt;br /&gt;
wood science and technology, to structural engineering, building physics, architecture, art &lt;br /&gt;
history and environmental science, among  others.  This contribution  aims  to  present  an &lt;br /&gt;
overview  of  tools  supporting  decision-making  processes  for  the  assessment  and &lt;br /&gt;
conservation of existing timber structures, including both  methodological  frameworks  and &lt;br /&gt;
technical approaches for data collection and analysis. These tools are reviewed according &lt;br /&gt;
to the scope of the assessment and considering multiple levels  at  which  timber  structures &lt;br /&gt;
are  studied,  at  the  material,  system  and  building  scale.  Additionally,  emerging &lt;br /&gt;
approaches  and  challenges  for  holistic  assessment  of  historical  timber  structures  are &lt;br /&gt;
discussed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Full document ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pdf&amp;gt;Media:Draft_Content_366386407p1173.pdf&amp;lt;/pdf&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[1]  Borri,  A,  Corradi,  M.  (2019).  Architectural  Heritage:  A  Discussion  on  Conservation  and  Safety. Heritage 2019, 2, 631–647; doi:10.3390/heritage2010041  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[2]  Morkunaite, Z, Kalibatas, D, Kalibatiene, D. (2019). A bibliometric data analysis of multi- criteria decision making methods in heritage buildings. Journal of Civil Engineering and  Management. 25. 76-99. 10.3846/jcem.2019.8315.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[3]  Bertolin, C,  Loli,  A. (2018). Sustainable interventions in historic buildings: a developing  decision making tool. Journal of Cultural Heritage 34 (2018) 291–302.  &lt;br /&gt;
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[4]  Pozzi,  M,  Kiureghian,  A.D.  2011.  Assessing  the  Value  of  Information  for  long-term  structural  health  monitoring.  Health  Monitoring  of  Structural  and  Biological  Systems   2011. 7984, (2011).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[5] Riggio,  M,  Dilmaghani,  M.  (2019)  Structural  health  monitoring  of  timber  buildings:  A  review  of  monitoring  projects  and  lessons  learned”.  Building  Research  &amp;amp;amp;  Information.   https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2019.1681253  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[6] Riggio,  M,  D’Ayala,  D,  Parisi,  MA,  Tardini,  C.  (2018).  Assessment  of  heritage  timber  structures: Review of standards, guidelines and procedures. Journal of Cultural Heritage 31, 220-235.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[7] SIA 269/5:2011, Existing Structures – Timber Structures, Schweizer Norm,Swiss Society  of Engineers and Architects, Zurich, Switzerland, 2011.  &lt;br /&gt;
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[8]  Cruz, H, Yeomans, D, Tsakanika, E, Macchioni, N, Jorissen, A, Touza, M, Mannucci, M,  Lourenço, PB. (2015). Guidelines for on-site assessment of historic timber structures, Int.  J. Architect. Herit. 9 (3): 277–289.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[9]  Macchioni, N., Feio, A. Ruisinger, U., Saporiti, J., Tsakanika, E., Yeomans, D. (2019). The prEN 17121: Historic Timber Structures – Guidelines for the on-site assessment of load- bearing timber structures. SHATIS’2019. 25-27 September 2019, Guimarães, Portugal.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[10] UNI  11119:2004,  Cultural  Heritage  –  Wooden  Artefacts  –  Load  Bearing  Structures  of  Buildings.  Criteria  for  the  Preliminary  Evaluation,  Design  and  Execution  Works,  UNI   (Ente nazionale italiano di unificazione), 2004 (in Italian).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[11] Serafini, A., Riggio, M., González-Longo, C. (2017). A Database Model for the Analysis  and Assessment of Historic Timber Roof Structures. International Wood Products Journal.  Assessment, Reinforcement and Monitoring of Timber Structures: Research outputs from  the COST ACTION FP1101. 8 (1): 3-8.  &lt;br /&gt;
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[12] Baggio, C., et al. 2007. Field Manual for post-earthquake damage and safety assessment  and short term countermeasures (AeDES). European Commission, Joint Research Centre,  Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.  &lt;br /&gt;
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[13] Frese,  M.,  Blas,  H.  J.,  2011.  Statistics  of  damages  to  timber  structures  in  Germany,  Engineering Structures, 33, 2969-2977.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[14] Toratti,  T.  2011.  Proposal  for  a  failure  assessment  template.  Engineering  Structures.  33:  2958–2961.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[15] Hansson, E. F. 2011. Analysis of structural failures in timber structures: typical causes for failure and failure modes. Engineering Structures. 33: 2978–2982.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[16] Parisi,  M.  A.,  Chesi,  C.  and  Tardini,  C.  2013.  Seismic  vulnerability  of  timber  roof   structures: classification criteria. Advanced Materials Research. 778: 1088–1095.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[17] Žnidarič ,A. (2013) e-bridge – Bridge Inspection Software, Technical Background, V0.5,  Slovenian National Building And Civil Engineering Institute.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[18] Pazlar, T., Kramar, M. (2014) Assessment of Timber Bridges in Slovenia. Proceedings of  the  COST  Timber  Bridge  Conference  -  CTBC  2014.  25–26  September  2014.  Bern   University of Applied Sciences. Biel, Switzerland. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[19] Cacciotti, R., Blaško, M., Valach, J. (2015) A diagnostic ontological model fordamages to  historical constructions. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 16 (1): 40-48.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[20] Novelli,  VI,  and  D’Ayala  D.  (2015).  LOG-IDEAH:  LOGic  trees  for  identification  of  damage due to earthquakes for architectural heritage, Bull. Earthquake Eng. 13 (1) 153- 176.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[21] D’Ayala, D, Speranza, E. (2003). Definition of collapse mechanisms and seismic  vulnerability of historic masonry buildings, Earthquake Spectra 19 (3) 479–509.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[22] D’Ayala, D, Galasso, C, Putrino, V, Fanciullacci, D, Barucco, P, Fanciullacci, V, Bronzino, C, Zerrudo, E, Manalo, M, Fradiquela, C, Regalado, J. (2016). Assessment of the Multi-Hazard  Vulnerability  of  Priority  Cultural  Heritage  Structures  in  the  Philippines,  in:   ICONHIC 2016, Chania, Crete.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[23] Riggio, M, Anthony, RW, Augelli, F, Kasal, B, Lechner, T, Muller, W, Tannert, T. (2014).  In  situ  assessment  of  structural  timber  using  non‐destructive techniques. Materials and  Structures 47(5), 749‐766.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[24] Tannert, T, Anthony, RW, Kasal, B, Kloiber, M, Piazza, M, Riggio, M, Rinn, F, Widmann,  R, Yamaguchi, N. (2014). In situ assessment of structural timber using semi‐destructive  techniques. Materials and Structures 47(5), 767‐785.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[25] Dackermann, U, Crews, K, Kasal, B, Li, J, Riggio, M, Rinn, F, Tannert, T (2014). In situ  assessment  of  structural  timber  using  stress‐wave  measurements.  Materials  and  Structures, 47(5), 787‐803.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[26] Fridley, KJ, Tang, RC, Soltis, LA, Yoo, CH (1992) Hygrothermal effects on load-duration  behavior of structural lumber, J. Struct. Eng. 118 (4): 1023–1038.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[27] Fragiacomo, M, Fortino, S, Tononi, D, Usardi, I, Toratti, T. (2011). Moisture-induced  stresses perpendicular to grain in cross-sections of timber members exposed to different  climates, Engineering Structures 33 (2011) 3071–3078.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[28] Dietsch,  P,  Franke,  S,  Franke,  B,  Gamper,  A,  Winter,  S.  (2014).  Methods  to  determine  wood  moisture  content  and  their  applicability  in  monitoring  concepts.  Journal  of  Civil  Structural Health Monitoring, 5(2):115–127  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[29] Schmidt,  E,  Riggio, M. (2019). Monitoring Moisture Performance of Cross‐Laminated  Timber Building Elements during Construction. Buildings, 9, 144  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[30] Ludwig,  N,  Redaelli,  V,  Rosina,  E,  Augelli,  F.  (2004).  Moisture  detection  in  wood  and  plater by IR thermography. Infrared Physics &amp;amp;amp; Technology. 46 (1-2): 161-166  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[31] Riggio, M, Sandak, J, Franke, S. (2015). Application of imaging techniques for detection  of  defects,  damage  and  decay  in  timber  structures on‐site. Constr. Build. Mater.,  101,   1241– 1252.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[32] Riggio, M, Macchioni, N, Riminesi, C. (2017). Structural health assessment of historical  timber structures combining non‐destructive techniques: The roof of Giotto’s bell tower  in Florence. Struct. Control Health Monit.,. 24 (7)  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[33] Riggio,  M,  Piazza,  M.  (2011).  Hardness  Test.  In  Situ  Assessment  of  Structural  Timber:  Discussion of Classical and Modern Non‐Destructive and Semi‐Destructive Methods for the Evaluation of Wood Structures. 7: 85‐95.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[34] Hunt,  MO,  Ross,  RJ,  Wang.  W,  Soltis,  LA.  (2007).  Assessment  of  in-place  wood  floor  systems. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 13 (1) 30-35  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[35] Kloiber, M, Drdacky ́, M, Machado, JS, Piazza, M, Yamaguchi, N. (2015). Prediction of  mechanical  properties  by  means  of  semi-destructive  methods:  A  review.  Constr. Build.Mater.  101 (2): 215–1234.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[36] Íñiguez-González, G, Arriaga, F, Esteban, M, Llana, DL. (2015). Reference conditions and modification  factors  for  the  standardization  of  nondestructive  variables  used  in  the   evaluation of existing timber structures. . Constr. Build. Mater. 101 (2015) 1166–1171  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[37] Morales-Conde MJ, Machado, JS. (2017). Evaluation of cross-sectional variation of timber  bending modulus of elasticity by stress waves. Constr. Build. Mater. 134 (1): 617-625  &lt;br /&gt;
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[38] Feio, A, Machado, JS. (2015). In-situ assessment of timber structural members: Combining information  from  visual  strength  grading  and  NDT/SDT  methods–A  review.  Constr. Build. Mater. 101 (2) 1157-1165  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[39] Curling, S, Clausen, C, Winandy, J. (2002). Relationships between mechanical properties, weight loss, and chemical composition of wood during incipient brown-rot decay. Forest  products journal, 52, 34.  &lt;br /&gt;
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[40] Machado, JS, Riggio, M, D’Ayala, D.  (2015).  Assessment of structural timber members  by non-and semi-destructive methods. Constr. Build. Mater. (101), 1155–1156.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[41] Sandak,  A,  Sandak,  J,  Riggio,  M.  (2016)  Assessment  of  wood  structural  members degradation  by  means  of  infrared  spectroscopy:  an  overview.  Struct.  Control  Health   Monit., 23 ( 3)  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[42] Sandak,  J,  Sandak,  A,  Riggio,  M.  (2015).  Characterization  and  monitoring  of  surface  weathering on exposed timber structures with a multi-sensor approach. Int. J. Architect. Herit., 9(6), 674–688.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[43] Fontul, S, SOll, M, Cruz, H, Machado, JS, Pajewski, L. (2018). Ground penetrating radar  investigations  in  the  Noble  Hall  of  São  Carlos  Theater  in  Lisbon,  Portugal.  Survey  in   Geophysics 39 (6), 1125-1147.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[44] Cantini, L, Tedeschi, C, Tiraboschi, C, Binda, L. (2012).Use of thermovision for the survey  of a timber vault in Torino, in: O. Büyüköztürk et al. (Eds.), Nondestructive Testing of  Materials and Structures, RILEM Book series 6, pp.1203–1208. RILEM 2012.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[45] Cabaleiro, M, Branco JM, Sousa HS, Conde B (2018). First results on the combination of  laser scanner and drilling resistance tests for the assessment of the geometrical condition of irregular cross-sections of timber beams. Materials and Structures, 51 (99)  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[46] Logothestis, S., Delinasiou, A., Stylianidis, E. (2015). Building information modelling for  cultural heritage: a review. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume II-5/W3, 2015  &lt;br /&gt;
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[47] Lee, J, Kim, J, Ahn,  J,  Woo, W. (2018). Mobile Risk Management for Wooden  Architectural  Heritage  in  Korea  using  HBIM  and  VR.  (DigitalHERITAGE  2018)  &amp;amp;amp;  (VSMM 2018), 26-30 Oct. 2018, San Francisco, CA, USA.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[48] Bassier,  M,  Hadjidemetriou,  G,  Vergauwen,  M,  Van  Roy,  N,  Verstrynge  E.  (2016). Implementation  of  Scan-to-BIM  and  FEM  for  the  Documentation  and  Analysis  of   Heritage Timber Roof Structures. EuroMed 2016, Part I, LNCS 10058; 79–90.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

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