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		<updated>2026-04-18T20:21:29Z</updated>
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		<title>Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 475830282 to Gobbin et al 2021b</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T13:21:30Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Scipediacontent moved page &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Draft_Content_475830282&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Draft Content 475830282&quot;&gt;Draft Content 475830282&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Gobbin_et_al_2021b&quot; title=&quot;Gobbin et al 2021b&quot;&gt;Gobbin et al 2021b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:21, 30 November 2021&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan='2' style='text-align: center;' lang='en'&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
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		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Gobbin_et_al_2021b&amp;diff=232886&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Scipediacontent: Created page with &quot;== Abstract ==  The survey of damages after recent earthquakes have shown the fragility of masonry  churches  against  the  out-of-plane  overturning  of  the  façade.  This...&quot;</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T13:21:26Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Abstract ==  The survey of damages after recent earthquakes have shown the fragility of masonry  churches  against  the  out-of-plane  overturning  of  the  façade.  This...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The survey of damages after recent earthquakes have shown the fragility of masonry &lt;br /&gt;
churches  against  the  out-of-plane  overturning  of  the  façade.  This  failure  mechanism  is &lt;br /&gt;
currently  analyzed  having  recourse  to  a  rigid  body  model,  using  either  limit  analysis  with &lt;br /&gt;
kinematic approach, or dynamic analysis under rocking motion. However, both the &lt;br /&gt;
aforementioned methods neglect the interaction with the lateral walls, leading to an &lt;br /&gt;
underestimation of the effective structural capacity under seismic action. The main goal of this &lt;br /&gt;
work  is  therefore  to  investigate  the  effect  of  the  interlocking  between  the  façade  and  the &lt;br /&gt;
transversal wall and the influence of the quality of masonry in out-of-plane overturning. For &lt;br /&gt;
this  purpose,  a  refined  model  of  masonry  through  a  Discrete  Element  Method  is  developed, &lt;br /&gt;
based on a detailed recognition of masonry units. The acceleration and displacement capacity &lt;br /&gt;
are estimated through quasi-static pushover and pulse-based dynamic analyses and compared &lt;br /&gt;
to those calculated for the rigid body model. The proposed methodology is then applied to a &lt;br /&gt;
sample of three single-nave masonry churches that suffered damages during the 2009 L’Aquila, &lt;br /&gt;
Italy earthquake.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Full document ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pdf&amp;gt;Media:Draft_Content_475830282p956.pdf&amp;lt;/pdf&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[1]    Lagomarsino, S. and Podestà S., Seismic Vulnerability of Ancient Churches: II. Statistical  Analysis of surveyed data and methods for risk analysis. Earthquake Spectra (2004), vol.  20, n. 2, pp. 395-412.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[2]    Sorrentino, L., D’Ayala, D., de Felice, G., Griffith, M.C., Lagomarsino, S., Magenes, G. Review of Out-of-Plane Seismic Assessment Techniques Applied To Existing Masonry Buildings. International Journal of Architectural Heritage (2017), vol. 11, pp. 2-21.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[3]    Heyman, J. The stone skeleton. International journal of solids and structures (1966), vol.  2, n. 2, pp. 249-79.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[4]   Housner, G. W. The behavior of inverted pendulum structures during earthquakes. Bulletin  of the Seismological Society of America (1963), vol. 53, n. 2, pp. 403-417.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[5]    ITASCA consulting group, UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code) Version 6.0 (2017),  Minneapolis, Minnesota.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[6]    Azevedo,  J.,  Sincraian,  G.,  Lemos  J.V.  Seismic  behavior  of  blocky  masonry  structures. Earthquake Spectra (2000), vol. 16, n. 2, pp. 337-365.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[7]    Lemos, J.V. Discrete Element Modeling of Masonry Structures. International Journal of  Architectural Heritage (2007), vol. 1, n. 2, pp. 190-213.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[8]    de Felice, G. and Mauro, A. On Overturning of the Façade in Churches with Single Nave:  Some Case Studies from L’Aquila, Italy, 2009 Earthquake. Advanced Materials Research  (2010), vol. 133-134, pp. 807-812.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[9]    Gobbin, F., Fugger, R. and de Felice, G. Modellazione agli elementi distinti per lo studio  dell'interazione della facciata con la parete laterale di alcune chiese nel territorio Aquilano.  In: ANIDIS (2019).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[10]  de  Felice,  G.  Out-of-plane  seismic  capacity  of  masonry  depending  on  wall  section  morphology.  International  Journal  of  Architectural  Heritage  (2011),  vol.  5,  n.  4-5,  pp.  466-482.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[11] Al Shawa, O., de Felice, G., Mauro A., and Sorrentino L. Out-of-plane seismic behaviour of  rocking  masonry  walls.  Journal  of  earthquake  engineering  (2012),  vol.  41,  n.  5,  pp.  949-968.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[12] de Felice, G., De Santis, S., Lourenço, P.B., Mendes, N. Methods and Challenges for the  Seismic Assessment of Historic Masonry Structures. International Journal of  Architectural Heritage (2017), vol. 11, pp. 143-160.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[13] Malomo,  D.,  De  Jong,  M.J.  and  Penna,  A.  Distinct  Element  modelling  of  the  in-plane cyclic response of URM walls subjected to shear-compression. Earthquake Engineering  and Structural Dynamics (2019), vol. 48, n. 12, pp 1322-1344.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[14] Meriggi, P., de Felice, G., De Santis, S., Gobbin, F., Mordanova, A. and Pantò, B. Distinct  Element  Modelling  of  masonry  walls  under  out-of-plane  seismic  loading.  International  journal of architectural heritage (2019), vol. 13, n. 7, pp. 1110-1123.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[15] Lemos, J.V. Discrete Element Modeling of the Seismic Behaviour of Masonry  Constructions. Buildings (2019), vol. 9, n. 2, pp. 43-53.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[16] Malena,  M.,  Portioli,  F.,  Gagliardo,  R.,  Tomaselli,  G.,  Cascini,  L.  and  de  Felice,  G. Collapse mechanism analysis of historic masonry structures subjected to lateral loads: A  comparison  between  continuous  and  discrete  models.  Computers  &amp;amp;amp;  Structures  (2019),  vol. 220, pp. 14-31.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[17] Mauro, A., de Felice, G. and De Jong, M. J. The relative dynamic resilience of masonry  collapse mechanism. Engineering Structures (2015), vol. 85, pp. 182-194.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[18] Mordanova, A., de Felice, G. Seismic assessment of archaeological heritage using discrete element method. International Journal of Architectural Heritage (2018), DOI:  10.1080/15583058.2018.1543482   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[19] Makris, N. and Roussos, Y. Rocking response of rigid blocks under near-source ground  motions. Géotechnique (2009), vol. 50, n. 3, pp. 243-262.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[20] Cundall, P. A. A computer Model for Simulating Progressive Large-Scale Movements in  Blocky Rock Systems. Proceeding of the Symposium of the International Society of Rock  Mechanics (1971).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

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